Advancing fruiting season in Annona cv. Arka Sahan through pruning

Annona cultivar ‘Arka Sahan’, an inter-specific hybrid of Annona atemoya × A. squamosacomes to harvest during August-September under mild tropical climate, which coincides with monsoon rains resulting in poor fruit quality and high susceptibility to anthracnose and fruit fly. An attempt was made to advance the fruiting in this hybrid through pruning during 2016- 17 and 2017-18. The effect of three pruning levels (25, 50 and 75% of previous season’s growth) at five different times (60, 75, 90, 105 and 120 days after final harvest of previous crop) on flowering and fruiting were compared. Early sprouting, flowering and fruit harvest were recorded in trees pruned to 75% of the past season’s growth in both the years. Earliest fruits were harvested 271 (3rd week of June) and 268 (2nd week of June) days after pruning in trees pruned during first week of October in 2016-17 and 2017-18 respectively (P<0.05).Bigger fruits with lesser seeds per 100 g of pulp (P<0.05) were harvested from trees pruned to 75% and 25% levels in the first and second year, respectively, irrespective of pruning time. Tree canopy following pruning at 75%level recorded higher light interception and photosynthetic rate (P<0.05). Pruning time and levels significantly influenced the biochemical constituents of leaf and shoot. The fruiting in cultivar ‘Arka Sahan’ could be thus advanced by 8-9 weeks to June from the normal season of August-September with comparable or better fruit quality by pruning 75% of the last season’s growth during October

Levels of phytohormones during different stages of hip development in rose .

Not AvailableConcentration of endogenous gibberellic acid (GA3), abscisic acid (ABA) and indole-3 acetic acid (IAA) in achenes and pericarp of two varieties viz., ‘Crifty Duty’ and ‘Five Star’, were determined at weekly interval starting from 14th till 63rd days after pollination (DAP). GA3 content in achenes initially increased till 35-42 DAP, while ABA was low during the period. In pericarp of both the varieties, ABA content was more than GA3 while in achenes, ABA content was lower than that of GA3. Proportion of GA3 to ABA was found to be higher in achenes of 'Five Star' compared to that of 'Crifty Duty' except at 35 DAP, where in the proportion of GA3 over ABA was more in 'Crifty Duty' compared to 'Five Star'. Maximum IAA content was recorded at 42 DAP and 35 DAP respectively in achenes of ‘Crifty Duty’ and ‘Five Star’ suggesting its role in embryo development.Not Availabl

Engineered Models of Metastasis with Application to Study Cancer Biomechanics

Three-dimensional complex biomechanical interactions occur from the initial steps of tumor formation to the later phases of cancer metastasis. Conventional monolayer cultures cannot recapitulate the complex microenvironment and chemical and mechanical cues that tumor cells experience during their metastatic journey, nor the complexity of their interactions with other, noncancerous cells. As alternative approaches, various engineered models have been developed to recapitulate specific features of each step of metastasis with tunable microenvironments to test a variety of mechanistic hypotheses. Here the main recent advances in the technologies that provide deeper insight into the process of cancer dissemination are discussed, with an emphasis on three-dimensional and mechanical factors as well as interactions between multiple cell types

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Not AvailablePaclobutrazol application restricts vegetative growth while improving flowering and fruiting in mango. In the present study, effect of soil drenching with Paclobutrazol @ 3.0ml m-1 canopy diameter, applied during the 3rd week of August, on fruit quality attributes was investigated in cv. Totapuri. Parameters like fruit weight, total soluble solids (TSS), % acidity, and content of ascorbic acid, carotenoids, lycopene and individual sugars was estimated. Paclobutrazol application increased average fruit weight, TSS and content of ascorbic acid and total carotenoids, and reduced the acidity in fruits compared to fruits in untreated trees. Lycopene content was only marginally influenced by paclobutrazol. In fruits of paclobutrazol treated trees, increase of 23.4% in total sugars, 29.6% in reducing sugars, 77.4% in glucose and 27.8% in sucrose content was recorded over fruits from the untreated trees. Results indicated that, paclobutrazol application improved quality in mango fruit.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA field trial was conducted at Indian Institute of Horticultural Research Bangalore during 2007-2011 to study the effect of different doses and time of application of paclobutrazol on flowering, fruiting behavior and quality of 22 years old mango (Mangifera indica L.) cv Totapuri under South Indian Condition. There were nine treatments involving two doses of paclobutrazol 2.5 g and 5.0 g ai/plant with four times of application (last week of July, August, September and October) along with control. All the paclobutrazol applied treatments induced early flowering to an extent by 20-25 days with increased percentage of flowering of 30-65% compared to control. The harvest maturity was also influenced by paclobutrazol application with an advancement of 3-4 weeks compared to control. The fruit yield was also affected and most pronounced effect was with T 5-treatment (2.5 g ai applied during last week of September)Not Availabl

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Not AvailablePruning and paclobutrazol have been found effective for induction of early flowering in mango by temporary suppression in vegetative growth through its effects on hormones. The objective of the study was to examine the combined effect of pruning and paclobutrazol on tree vigor and hormonal changes in mango cv Dashehari. Trees pruned to 50% current season growth with application of paclobutrazol (T1) recorded less plant height, trunk girth, canopy spread, shoot length and shoot girth and advanced the flowering time which resulted in early harvest by 16 days followed by unpruned trees with application of paclobutrazol (T5) compared to control trees (T6). Unpruned trees with PBZ application (T5) recorded 56.86% higher yields followed by 44.3% higher yields in trees pruned to 50% current season's growth (T1). Trees pruned to 50% previous season's growth (T4) recorded 92.2% lesser yields compared to control trees (T6). PBZ application declined the gibberellin and IAA contents and increased the abscissic acid levels in trees pruned to 50% current season growth followed by unpruned trees. Results from this study implicated that pruning of trees to 50% current season's growth with application of PBZ is vital for regulating tree size, early flowering and advancing fruit harvest with higher yield in mango cv Dashehari and such beneficial effects of treatments mediated through hormonal contents.Not Availabl

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Not AvailableA study was conducted to evaluate the effects of pruning (current or previous season’s vegetative growth) and paclobutrazol (PBZ@ 3 ml/m canopy diameter) on tree vigour, flowering and hormonal contents of three mango varieties, Raspuri, Dashehari and Amrapali differing in their bearing habits. Trees pruned to current season’s growth and with application of PBZ recorded 62, 52 and 61.5% lesser plant height, 50.2, 27.3 and 35.3% lesser trunk girth and 51.5, 45.8, 35.3% lesser canopy spread, 39.6, 35.2 and 26.5% decline in shoot length, 23.7, 19.0 and 14.9% decline in shoot girth and 20.4, 13 and 14.7 days advanced fruit harvesting followed by unpruned trees with PBZ application in the cvs Raspuri, Dashehari and Amrapali respectively compared with control. Trees pruned to current season’s growth and with PBZ application recorded decline in gibberellin (GA3) contents and increase in abscisic acid (ABA) levels at 45 and 75 days after PBZ application compared to control. From the study, it was apparent that the pruning of trees to current season’s growth and PBZ application are beneficial for regulating tree size, early flowering and advancing fruit harvest in mango and such effects are mediated through increase in ABA and decrease in GA3 contents.Not Availabl

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