56 research outputs found
RDD-Eclat: Approaches to Parallelize Eclat Algorithm on Spark RDD Framework
Initially, a number of frequent itemset mining (FIM) algorithms have been
designed on the Hadoop MapReduce, a distributed big data processing framework.
But, due to heavy disk I/O, MapReduce is found to be inefficient for such
highly iterative algorithms. Therefore, Spark, a more efficient distributed
data processing framework, has been developed with in-memory computation and
resilient distributed dataset (RDD) features to support the iterative
algorithms. On the Spark RDD framework, Apriori and FP-Growth based FIM
algorithms have been designed, but Eclat-based algorithm has not been explored
yet. In this paper, RDD-Eclat, a parallel Eclat algorithm on the Spark RDD
framework is proposed with its five variants. The proposed algorithms are
evaluated on the various benchmark datasets, which shows that RDD-Eclat
outperforms the Spark-based Apriori by many times. Also, the experimental
results show the scalability of the proposed algorithms on increasing the
number of cores and size of the dataset.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, ICCNCT 201
Evaluation of metals that are potentially toxic to agricultural surface soils, using statistical analysis, in northwestern Saudi Arabia
© 2015, Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg. Heavy metals in agricultural soils enter the food chain when taken up by plants. The main purpose of this work is to determine metal contamination in agricultural farms in northwestern Saudi Arabia. Fifty surface soil samples were collected from agricultural areas. The study focuses on the geochemical behavior of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, Pb and Zn, and determines the enrichment factor and geoaccumulation index. Multivariate statistical analysis, including principle component analysis and cluster analysis, is also applied to the acquired data. The study shows considerable variation in the concentrations of the analyzed metals in the studied soil samples. This variation in concentration is attributed to the intensity of agricultural activities and, possibly, to nearby fossil fuel combustion activities, as well as to traffic flows from highways and local roads. Multivariate analysis suggests that As, Cd, Hg and Pb are associated with anthropogenic activities, whereas Co, Cr, Cu and Zn are mainly controlled by geogenic activities. Hg and Pb show the maximum concentration in the analyzed samples as compared to the background concentration
Early Treatment with Basal Insulin Glargine in People with Type 2 Diabetes: Lessons from ORIGIN and Other Cardiovascular Trials
Dysglycemia results from a deficit in first-phase insulin secretion compounded by increased insulin insensitivity, exposing beta cells to chronic hyperglycemia and excessive glycemic variability. Initiation of intensive insulin therapy at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) to achieve normoglycemia has been shown to reverse glucotoxicity, resulting in recovery of residual beta-cell function. The United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) 10-year post-trial follow-up reported reductions in cardiovascular outcomes and all-cause mortality in persons with T2DM who initially received intensive glucose control compared with standard therapy. In the cardiovascular outcome trial, outcome reduction with an initial glargine intervention (ORIGIN), a neutral effect on cardiovascular disease was observed in the population comprising prediabetes and T2DM. Worsening of glycemic control was prevented over the 6.7 year treatment period, with few serious hypoglycemic episodes and only moderate weight gain, with a lesser need for dual or triple oral treatment versus standard care. Several other studies have also highlighted the benefits of early insulin initiation as first-line or add-on therapy to metformin. The decision to introduce basal insulin to metformin must, however be individualized based on a risk-benefit analysis. The landmark ORIGIN trial provides many lessons relating to the concept and application of early insulin therapy for the prevention and safe and effective induction and maintenance of glycemic control in type 2 diabetes
Investigation of c-KIT and Ki67 expression in normal, preneoplastic and neoplastic canine prostate
Type 2 diabetes-associated genetic variants of FTO, LEPR, PPARg, and TCF7L2 in gestational diabetes in a Brazilian population
The contribution of heavy metal pollution derived from highway runoff to Guanabara Bay sediments: Rio de Janeiro / Brazil
Activity limitation in children with cerebral palsy and parenting stress, depression, and self‐esteem: A structural equation model
- …