Peat water treatment using oxidation and physical filtration system and its performance in reducing iron (Fe), turbidity, and color

This research was conducted to treat peat water using oxidation and physical filtration system. Initially, the characterization of peat water was determined by three parameters, including iron (Fe), turbidity, and color. These three parameters exhibited values that exceeded the water standard limit. This study used two samples consisting of high and low iron content. Both samples were treated using NaClO for the oxidation-catalytic process and Manganese sand for the filter. The trial time is 67 minutes by calculating the value of each parameter every 10 minutes. The result shows different performance in the sample with low iron and high iron. In the sample with low iron (0.32 mg/l), the efficiency of reducing iron is 65.62%, the efficiency of reducing turbidity is 78.95% and the efficiency of reducing color is 78.77%. The results obtained showed differences in samples with high iron (6.75 mg / l). Iron reduction efficiency is 29.17%, turbidity reduction efficiency is 69.05% and color reduction efficiency is 61.32%

Modulation of mPer1 gene expression by anxiolytic drugs in mouse cerebellum

1. The mPer1 and mPer2 genes are putative mouse clock genes that regulate circadian oscillator present in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) neuron. While they are also expressed in the granular cell layer in the cerebellum, their function is unknown. In a first step to verify the physiological roles of mPer1 and mPer2 genes in the cerebellum, we examined the effects of benzodiazepines on the expression of the mPer1 and mPer2 genes. 2. mPer2 mRNA expression was higher at ZT16 than ZT4 in the mouse cerebellum. 3. High-dose administration of diazepam (10 mg kg(−1)) or triazolam (1 mg kg(−1)) reduced mPer1 mRNA level 1 h after treatment in the cerebellum. 4. Reduced expression of mPer1 by diazepam treatment was transient. No difference of mPer1 mRNA level between diazepam (10 mg kg(−1))- and vehicle-treated group was observed 6 h after treatment. 5. Administration of high doses of tandospirone (30 mg kg(−1)), a non-benzodiazepine anxiolytic also reduced mPer1 mRNA expression 1 h after treatment. 6. Administration of high doses of clozapine (5 mg kg(−1)) or haloperidol (1 mg kg(−1)) impaired the rota-rod performance without affecting on mPer1 mRNA level. 7. Diazepam and tandospirone inhibited the expression of mPer1 mRNA in the primary cultured cerebellum granule cells. 8. Transient reductions of mPer1 mRNA levels by various benzodiazepines and tandospirone is associated with impairment of coordinated movement, such as rota-rod performance and equilibrium