GridFormer: Residual Dense Transformer with Grid Structure for Image Restoration in Adverse Weather Conditions

Image restoration in adverse weather conditions is a difficult task in computer vision. In this paper, we propose a novel transformer-based framework called GridFormer which serves as a backbone for image restoration under adverse weather conditions. GridFormer is designed in a grid structure using a residual dense transformer block, and it introduces two core designs. First, it uses an enhanced attention mechanism in the transformer layer. The mechanism includes stages of the sampler and compact self-attention to improve efficiency, and a local enhancement stage to strengthen local information. Second, we introduce a residual dense transformer block (RDTB) as the final GridFormer layer. This design further improves the network's ability to learn effective features from both preceding and current local features. The GridFormer framework achieves state-of-the-art results on five diverse image restoration tasks in adverse weather conditions, including image deraining, dehazing, deraining & dehazing, desnowing, and multi-weather restoration. The source code and pre-trained models will be released.Comment: 17 pages, 12 figure

Deep Video Restoration for Under-Display Camera

Images or videos captured by the Under-Display Camera (UDC) suffer from severe degradation, such as saturation degeneration and color shift. While restoration for UDC has been a critical task, existing works of UDC restoration focus only on images. UDC video restoration (UDC-VR) has not been explored in the community. In this work, we first propose a GAN-based generation pipeline to simulate the realistic UDC degradation process. With the pipeline, we build the first large-scale UDC video restoration dataset called PexelsUDC, which includes two subsets named PexelsUDC-T and PexelsUDC-P corresponding to different displays for UDC. Using the proposed dataset, we conduct extensive benchmark studies on existing video restoration methods and observe their limitations on the UDC-VR task. To this end, we propose a novel transformer-based baseline method that adaptively enhances degraded videos. The key components of the method are a spatial branch with local-aware transformers, a temporal branch embedded temporal transformers, and a spatial-temporal fusion module. These components drive the model to fully exploit spatial and temporal information for UDC-VR. Extensive experiments show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance on PexelsUDC. The benchmark and the baseline method are expected to promote the progress of UDC-VR in the community, which will be made public

Persistent Pemphigus Vulgaris Showing Features of Tufted Hair Folliculitis

Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune blistering disease that commonly involves the scalp. Lesions of pemphigus vulgaris that persist on the scalp for a long period may be accompanied by tufted hair folliculitis. Only two previous accounts of tufted hair folliculitis developing in a lesion of pemphigus vulgaris have been reported. We report a 51-year-old-man with erosions and clusters of hair on the scalp. The scalp lesion had persisted for about 20 years. A histopathological examination of the skin lesion on the scalp revealed separation of the epidermis and clusters of several adjacent hair follicles. The patient was diagnosed with persistent pemphigus vulgaris of the scalp showing features of tufted hair folliculitis

Effects of wettability on droplet movement in a V-shaped groove

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Fast Quenching on Porous Structured CuO Surface

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Synchrotron X-ray imaging of boiling phenomena on textured surfaces

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Minimum heat flux and minimum film-boiling temperature on a completely wettable surface: Effect of the Bond number

We investigated the effect of Bond number of sphere Bo(s) and surface super-hydrophilicity at minimum film-boiling temperature T-MFB and minimum heat flux q ''(min) using quenching experiment at atmospheric pressure and the saturation temperature of water. In particular, we focused on the vapor-releasing dynamics in film boiling and evaluated the main parameters such as vapor-bubble releasing frequency f(b) and vapor-bubble departure diameter D-b. We selected two sizes of quench sphere (sphere diameter D-s = 15 mm and 25 mm) based on critical Bond number Bo(C) to evaluate the vapor-releasing dynamics depending on the Bo(s). The super-hydrophilic surface was prepared by the anodic oxidation on zirconium (Zr-702) sphere. High speed visualization and inverse heat transfer calculation facilitate a qualitative and quantitative analysis of film boiling heat transfer. The surface super-hydrophilicity of the quench sphere increases T-MFB and q ''(min): 12% and 366% increase for D-s = 15 mm and 20% and 305% increase for D-s = 25 mm, respectively. D-b strongly depends on D-s and exhibits a relatively weak dependency to the surface super-hydrophilicity. f(b) is affected by the D-s and the surface super-hydrophilicity. The increase in T-MFB is explained by the liquid-solid contact in film boiling. The D25-CWS exhibits the large area fraction of liquid-solid contact versus total heat transfer surface compared to the D15-CWS. The increase in q ''(min), is related to minimum frequency of vapor-bubble releasing to sustain the stable liquid-vapor interface f(b,min) because the large f(b,min) indicates the fast destabilization of the liquid-vapor interface in film boiling during quenching. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.11Nsciescopu

Quenching experiments on various thermal properties under saturated and subcooled water condition with high-speed visualization

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