Anti-neuronal antibodies associated with headache with neurological deficits and cerebrospinal fluid lymphocytosis

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The Diagnosis and Treatment of Cerebral Venous Thrombosis

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis involves thrombosis of the dural sinuses and/or cerebral veins. It constitutes 0.5-1% of all strokes and usually affects young individuals. It is slightly more common in young women due to pregnancy, puerperium, and oral contraceptive use. Patients usually present with headache or focal neurologic deficits. The superior sagittal sinus is most frequently affected sinus. Variations in venous anatomy, such as atresia/hypoplasia of the sinuses or asymmetric drainage of the sinus, may mimic sinus thrombosis. In general, magnetic resonance imaging is more sensitive than computed tomography in the detection of cerebral venous sinus thrombosis at each stage. Anticoagulants are the first preferred group of drugs in the treatmen

Reversible Posterior Leucoencephalopathy (PLES) Syndrome

Scientific background: The posterior leucoencephalopathy (PLES) is a clinico-radiological syndrome characterised by headache, nausea, vomiting, disturbances in cognition, depressed level of consciousness, visual abnormalities and convulsions. It is commonly associated with malignant hypertension, toxemia of pregnancy or use of immunosuppressive agents. O b j e c t i v e: We, here, report a case of reversible posterior leucoencephalopathy syndrome in a patient submitted with headache, hypertension, quadranopia and the importance of performing cranial imaging and the benefit of diffusion MRI in the differential diagnosis of P L E S. F i n d i n g s: MRI and diffusion MRI studies have been performed in a 35 year old male patient with hypertension and renal failure, and diffuse posterior system lesions have been found. C o n c l u s i o n: The patient’s clinical and radiologic recovery occurs following control of blood pressur