Réflexion géolinguistique sur le mot sel

Autour du mot sel, notre argument s’est focalisé sur la consonne /-l/ finale dont la chute est attestée dès la fin du xiiie siècle. Le maintien de la consonne finale était la norme chez les poètes depuis le Moyen Âge, alors que sa suppression traduisit une prononciation populaire comme l’indiquent clairement les témoignages des grammairiens. Pendant plusieurs siècles, l’absence de /-l/ a coexisté avec /-l/ prononcée. Depuis le xixe siècle, sous la pression croissante de la capitale, la forme sel va envahir au moins la France du Nord, et la forme sé ne pourra survivre que dans les régions qui demeurent à l’abri des vagues de standardisation du français.As for the word sel, our argument focuses on the dropping of the final consonant /-l/, which was attested at the end of the thirteenth century. Pronouncing the final /-l/ was the norm among poets since the Middle Ages, while /-l/ dropping was the popular pronunciation of ordinary people, as clearly indicated by the testimony of the grammarians. For several centuries, the pronouncing and dropping of /-l/ were both observed. Since the 19th century, under the increasing pressure of standardization from the capital, sel has prevailed in the Northern France area, limiting the survival of the form sé only to the regions intact from the waves of standardization

Astrometry of H2_{2}O Masers in Nearby Star-Forming Regions with VERA --- IV. L1448C

We have carried out multi-epoch VLBI observations with VERA (VLBI Exploration of Radio Astrometry) of the 22~GHz H$_{2}$O masers associated with a Class 0 protostar L1448C in the Perseus molecular cloud. The maser features trace the base of collimated bipolar jet driven by one of the infrared counter parts of L1448C named as L1448C(N) or L1448-mm A. We detected possible evidences for apparent acceleration and precession of the jet according to the three-dimensional velocity structure. Based on the phase-referencing VLBI astrometry, we have successfully detected an annual parallax of the H$_{2}$O maser in L1448C to be 4.31$\pm$0.33~milliarcseconds (mas) which corresponds to a distance of 232$\pm$18~pc from the Sun. The present result is in good agreement with that of another H$_{2}$O maser source NGC~1333 SVS13A in the Perseus molecular cloud, 235~pc. It is also consistent with the photometric distance, 220~pc. Thus, the distance to the western part of the Perseus molecular cloud complex would be constrained to be about 235~pc rather than the larger value, 300~pc, previously reported.Comment: 15 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in PAS