555 research outputs found
Angular momentum sum rule for spin one hadronic systems
We derive a sum rule for the total quark angular momentum of a spin-one
hadronic system within a gauge invariant decomposition of the hadron's spin. We
show that the total angular momentum can be measured through deeply virtual
Compton scattering experiments using transversely polarized deuteron targets.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, changes in text, figures changed, references
change
Juggling Paradoxical Strategies: The Emergent Role of IT Capabilities
The simultaneous pursuit of paradoxical strategies is an emergent means of attaining competitive advantage. By nature, exploration and exploitation are fundamentally different and contradictory, thus reflecting an instance of organizational ambidexterity. We assert that IT capabilities act through different mechanisms to influence ambidexterity. To test our model, we selected to gather data from 352 manufacturing firms in high growth sectors in India â a setting that provides an exemplar for the worldâs enterprises undergoing rapid changes in the 21st century. Through OLS analysis we find strong support for our assertion that an organizationâs IT capabilities individually and jointly influence organizational ambidexterity, hitherto a challenging competitive possibility. We are thus also able to account for previously unexplained variance in IT payoffs in the emerging economy and small and medium enterprise contexts. Overall, through this research, we validate the emergent role of IT capabilities in juggling paradoxical strategies in the 21st century
How Fairness Garners Loyalty in the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain: Role of Trust in the Wholesaler-Pharmacy Relationship
Purpose
â The purpose of this paper is to understand how fairness garners loyalty by breeding trust in the pharmaceutical wholesalerâpharmacy relationship. Specifically, the paper seeks to understand if the two dimensions of fairness â procedural and distributive â contribute differently in fostering the two types of trust â credibility and benevolence. The paper further aims to examine how the two dimensions of trust mediate the fairnessâloyalty relationship.
Design/methodology/approach
â Data from 156 retail pharmacies on their relationship with the pharmaceutical wholesalers are used to test the hypotheses. The mediation models are tested using the Barron and Kenny procedure.
Findings
â The findings of this paper show the importance of both procedural and distributive aspects of fairness on the part of pharmaceutical wholesalers as perceived by the pharmacies. Each aspect of fairness plays a more prominent role for fostering a particular type of trust, which, in turn, leads to loyalty.
Research limitations/implications
â Future research may investigate the antecedents to fairness to unearth additional insights as to how organizations can manage their customers\u27 perceptions of fairness and thereby enhance their trust and loyalty.
Practical implications
â Pharmaceutical wholesale is a competitive business to retain pharmacies by building loyalty thus balancing pharmacies\u27 dependence on the more powerful pharmaceutical manufacturers in the pharmaceutical supply chain. Given the intense competition, the wholesaler that does a superior job in creating a competitive advantage leveraging fairness to engender trust will get to benefit in recruiting and retaining more pharmacies.
Originality/value
â This paper contributes to the fairnessâtrustâloyalty stream of literature by examining the mediation effects at the subâdimension level of the fairness and trust constructs. The paper also has practical implications, especially given the low gross margins for pharmaceutical wholesalers and the growing threat of direct distribution of pharmaceuticals or disintermediation by the manufacturers using third party logistics companies, such as united parcel service. The paper shows how wholesalers may be able to build loyalty with the pharmacies by signaling fairness and fostering trust
Entrepreneurial Orientation as a Basis for Classification within a Service Industry: The Case of Retail Pharmacy Industry
To date, service classification research has primarily taken a macro view, creating service typologies or taxonomies by using dimensions such as customer contact or degree of labor intensity. Such classification schemes, though helpful in deciphering critical management issues and positioning strategies between service industries, tend to treat an entire industry, such as airlines, as a single homogenous entity. However, organizations in the same industry often use intangible resources, such as entrepreneurial orientation processes, to compete with one another. Resource-advantage theory suggests that organizations utilize intangible resources to build long-term strategies and a sustainable competitive advantage leading to superior performance. We developed organization clusters based on entrepreneurial orientation as intangible resources to classify organizations within a retailing industry. Using data from the retail pharmacy industry, we tested if the entrepreneurial orientations of the resultant groups within the pharmacy industry were related to their perception of the environment, organizational factors, and performance outcomes. The operationalization of the construct of entrepreneurial orientation is one of the contributions of the study
Fairness-Trust-Loyalty Relationship under Varying Conditions of Supplier-Buyer Interdependence
Relationship marketing plays a significant role in supply chain practice and academic studies. Using the resource advantage theory within the relationship marketing framework, we studied the mediating role of trust as a governance mechanism in the fairness-loyalty relationship under different types of interdependence structure between suppliers (wholesalers) and buyers (retailers). Our findings, based on data from retail pharmacies, demonstrate that only under conditions of symmetric independence, trust, as a governance mechanism, completely mediate the relationship between fairness and loyalty. Under conditions of both perceived independence (i.e., lack of interdependence) and asymmetric buyer dependence, however, trust does not mediate but fairness directly influences loyalty. Thus, fairness and trust influence loyalty, strengthening relationships in different ways under different conditions of interdependence. The implications for research and practice are discussed
Floral resources of Karnataka: a geographic perspective
We compiled the data on the floral resources of Karnataka from diverse published sources and analysed the geographic patterns of distribution of floral diversity. Our database shows that Karnataka harbours 4758 species from 1408 genera and 178 families and accounts for about 27 per cent of the country's floral diversity. We computed the 'endemicity value' of different districts based on the number of endemic species (those restricted to a maximum of five districts) harboured by them and found that the most species-rich districts (viz. Uttara Kannada, Dakshina Kannada, Mysore, Hassan, Udupi and Kodagu) were also characterized by high values of endemicity while the species-poor districts had low values of endemicity. However, the relation between the species richness and endemicity of the districts was not linear; the species richness increases abruptly at lower levels of endemicity but plateaus off later at high levels of endemicity. Based on the number of species packed into the families, all the 27 districts segregated distinctly into three clusters that geographically correspond with the three major agro-climatic zones of the state. Our analysis showed that though the districts along the Western Ghats are florally rich, those along the dry tracts also harbour certain unique elements of the flora; thus these dry zone districts appear to be as important as those along the Western Ghats in conserving the floral resources
Oral Health Promotion: Evidences and Strategies
Oral health promotion is for upliftment of oral health of community rather than an individual and has longâterm impact. Since Ottawa Charter for health promotion is implemented, significant advancements have happened in oral health promotion. Under comprehensive health programs, India has been running oral health promotion programs, and these evidences are shared here. Such examples are apt learning and execution to any part of world having similarities. The chapter put forward the strategic view points to consider further oral health promotion aspects and based on the needs. The authors have gathered various examples from national programs implemented in India. The authors discuss how these programs are linked to the Oral health promotion concept. For example, National tobacco control program which currently running across many states in India, how the banning on tobacco products near school premises helped to reduce the incidence is discussed. The worldwide literature and evidences of oral health promotion strategies are explained. The evidences and strategies mentioned can be significant for another region of world. Unless published, many programs remain hidden and are loss of valuable evidences to oral health science
Interpretation of the Flavor Dependence of Nucleon Form Factors in a Generalized Parton Distribution Model
We give an interpretation of the and quarks contributions to the
nucleon electromagnetic form factors for values of the four-momentum transfer
in the multi-GeV region where flavor separated data have been recently made
available. The data show, in particular, a suppression of quarks with
respect to quarks at large momentum transfer. %and constant ratios of the
flavor dependent Pauli to Dirac form factors ratios. This trend can be
explained using a reggeized diquark model calculation of generalized parton
distributions, thus providing a correlation between momentum and coordinate
spaces, both of which are necessary in order to interpret the partonic
substructure of the form factors. We extend our discussion to the second
moments of generalized parton distributions which are believed to contribute to
partonic angular momentum.Comment: 22 pages, 19 figures; results and figures added and changed, tables
added, formulae added, major rewriting of tex
Chiral odd generalized parton distributions from exclusive Ïo electroproduction
Exclusive pseudoscalar meson electroproduction in the multi-GeV region was recently proposed as a way to obtain chiral odd generalized parton distributions from data. We explain the idea and we show details of both the formulation of the theory in terms of chiral odd generalized parton distributions, and of the extraction procedure
Functional recombinant antibodies against human chorionic gonadotropin expressed in plants
Single-chain variable fragments, diabodies and chimeric antibodies (mouse variable domains and human immunoglobulin constant domains) were engineered by DNA recombinant technique and expressed transiently in tobacco leaves. The plants expressed the three types of antigen-binding moieties, accurately and faithfully. The yield obtained was 32 mg, 40 mg and 20 mg respectively, per kg of wet weight of leaves. The chimeric antibody had high affinity for human chorionic gonadotropin (Ka=1.9Ă1010Mâ1). All three forms of the recombinant antibodies expressed by plants inhibited the binding of hCG to receptor on Leydig cells
- âŠ