INDOOR SURVEYING WITH TERRESTRIAL PHOTOGRAMMETRY: A CASE STUDY FOR SIRCALI MASJID

Anatolian lands have many valuable cultural heritages in herited from the past to present because they have been home to many different cultures and civilizations throughout history. Nowadays restoration and documentation studies are carried out in order to keep these works alive and transfer them to next generations. For this purpose, classical or modern techniques are prefered. The terrestrial photogrammetry method, which is one of the modern measurement and evaluation techniques, offers economical, practical, accurate and 3D solutions for architectural surveys. When the 3D modeling studies are examined in the literature, it is generally observed that weight is given to external facade surveying of works. However, many of the works hosted by Anatolia are also actually rich with interior architecture. Numerous Masjid and Mosque examples can be given of these works. Inparticular, the domed interior spaces geometry of mosques and masjids provide information about the architectural and engineering knowledge of the period they were built. In this study, indoor 3D modeling study of Sırçalı Masjid in located in the Karatay district of Konya province was carried out by using the terrestrial photogrammetry method. The Masjid was built in the single-domed masjid type of Seljuk period. The single-domed masjid type is a type of building with square or rectangular base area. However, in order for the dome design to fit in to a square or rectangular sub-structure, a transitional element is needed. The Turkish Triangle was used as transition elementst of facilitate the transition from a square-shaped sub-structure to a circular structure in Sırçalı Masjid. With this study, the dome transition elements, which are difficult to model in terms of classical architectural survey, have been modeled successfully by the terrestrial photogrammetry technique in a short time. It has also been proven that terrestrial photogrammetry can be used effectively in the indoor 3D modelling projects.

3D Modelling of Geometric Triangle Construction Elements in Indoor Spaces: A Case Study for Tahir and Zühre Masjid

Tahir and Zühre Masjid, which is one of the works of Konya and Anatolian Seljuk Period, serve daily from the 13th century and draw attention with its interior architecture. The Masjid is seated on a square plan and covered with a dome using triangular transitional elements. These artifacts are the most important proofs of the architectural perspectives and orientations of the past period. Demonstrating and documenting past architectural and engineering skills has become much easier with modern measurement and evaluation techniques at the present time. In this study, interior 3D modeling study of Tahir and Zühre Masjid was made by using close range photogrammetry. Also the triangular transitional elements between the square plan and the dome of the structure were picked out. As a result, it has b een observed that the method of close range photogrammetry for documentation and restoration works is not only successful in outdoor facade but also indoor modelling

Geometric Analysis of Digital Aerial Images

The data produced by photogrammetric methods have become used more effectively and efficiently to take place of digital aerial cameras to aerial film cameras. Digital aerial cameras have distinct properties according to imaging geometry, sensor numbers, the placement of camera cones and image recording techniques. Since 2000, many studies have been done upon the geometric analysis of the rapidly developing digital imaging system. Intergraph DMC and Vexcel Ultracam are among the most popular digital imaging systems in this area. These cameras are large-format digital aerial camera systems. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the geometric performance of DMCII-250e and Vexcel UltraCamX large-format digital aerial camera systems. The test flights were performed in Bursa province. Two different image blocks which are 10 cm GSD and 30 cm GSD were acquired at different flight altitudes. The image measurements for aerial triangulation were performed by Mescioglu Engineering Inc. The images were processed with Match-AT software. It has been compared the residuals of coordinates and RMS of ground control points and check points triangulated image blocks