Childbearing and (female) research productivity: a personnel economics perspective on the leaky pipeline

Despite the fact that childbearing is time-consuming (i.e., associated with a negative resource effect), we descriptively find female researchers with children in business and economics to be more productive than female researchers without children. Hence, female researchers with children either manage to overcompensate the negative resource effect associated with childbearing by working harder (positive incentive effect), or only the most productive female researchers decide to go for a career in academia and have children at the same time (positive self-selection effect). Our first descriptive evidence on the timing of parenthood among more than 400 researchers in business and economics from Austria, Germany and the German-speaking part of Switzerland hints at the latter being the case: only the most productive female researchers with children dare to self-select (or are selected) into an academic career. Our results have important policy implications when it comes to reducing the “leaky pipeline” in academia

Profiles of Academic Activities and Careers: Does Gender Matter? An Analysis Based on French Life Scientist CVs

The aim of this paper is to analyze the factors that influence the length of time to promotion for male and female academics. Promotion is defined as elevation to a professorship. We examine the role of academic profiles, which are based not only on publications, but also include activities such as fund raising, consulting, teaching, and managerial appointments (dean of a department for instance). The paper examines the factors that speed up or slow down the progress of an academic career for males and females, respectively, to explore the “glass ceiling” effects. Survival and duration models are used to test whether the gender differential persists after controlling for observed and unobserved heterogeneity. The originality of this paper lies in the use of duration models to track sex differences in promotion criteria. It highlights that the different criteria of promotion for male and female academics: women have to demonstrate higher involvement in different networks in order to be promoted. Copyright Springer Science + Business Media, Inc. 2006academic, career, glass ceiling, duration model, survival model, life science, mentoring, J4, O3,

Modeling the Sex-Typing of Occupational Choice

In this article, the authors propose to model the influence of occupational structure on the sex-typing of occupational choice within a log-linear model framework. A key feature of the framework is that the explanatory variables vary as a function both of individual attributes and of choice attributes. The authors show how information about the structure of the labor force and the experiences of its male and female incumbents affect the occupational preferences of individuals early in the life course. Analyzing data on high school students in 1972 and 1979, the authors explore the influence of gender inequality in the societal makeup of the labor force through three hypothesized channels: (1) the extent of sex segregation of occupations in the labor force (the reflection model), (2) cross-occupational variation in pay equity between female and male workers (the expectation model), and (3) sex differences in the proportions of highly successful and unsuccessful workers (the reference model).Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/68462/2/10.1177_0049124197026002005.pd

How Do Career Strategies, Gender, and Work Environment Affect Faculty Productivity Levels in University-Based Science Centers? -super-1

Recent studies have shown that in many science and engineering fields, almost 40% of faculty are affiliated with university-based research centers ( Corley & Gaughan, 2005). As major science funding organizations continue to increase annual levels of funding for interdisciplinary science centers, it is likely that this number will increase significantly over the next decade. Moreover, some scholars have argued that the rise of university-based science centers has already led to the development of a new institutional form for the execution of university-based research ( Bozeman & Boardman, 2004). Yet, interestingly few researchers have studied the impacts of this new institutional form on the productivity of individual researchers. Copyright 2005 by The Policy Studies Organization.