Art outcome in combined group of women with premature ovarian failure and menopausal women

Background: It is to present an overview of the study of the ART cycles in combined group of women with premature ovarian failure (POF) and menopausal women in 1 year period. Purpose of the study was to know the pregnancy outcome in this combined group. Since majority of the patients who entered our tertiary hospital had already received various treatment methods such as gonadotropins, long protocols and ultra-short protocols in previous hospitals with no positive result, we had to take them directly to the ovum donation (OD) or embryo donation (ED).Methods: A simple study was performed from 1st January, 2015 to 31st December, 2015. Women with POF and menopause were enrolled and complete follow up of them was done from their first visit till stable pregnancy of 14 weeks was achieved. While doing this, we considered various parameters which can affect the ART outcome, for e.g. endometrial evaluation, hysteroscopy findings, proliferative phase preparation, leuteal support, semen analysis etc. The study outcome results included pregnancy rate and miscarriage rate.Results: In spite of good efforts, ultimately, stable pregnancy rate (beyond 14 weeks gestation) of these women was only 35% that was almost one third of the total study population that too with the help of OD and ED. Pregnancy rate was actually 42%, out of which 7% had miscarriage. With all the cost, efforts and time involved, 65% (2/3rd) of women could not achieve successful pregnancy.Conclusions: Since the possibility of pregnancy gradually declines after the age of 30 and a steep fall in fertility after the age of 35, women should be advised not to postpone marriages and should be encouraged to have children earlier

On the presence of sulphate in pituitary lutropin

The presence of sulphate in the carbohydrate of pituitary lutropin from different species has been investigated using a biosynthetic approach. Pituitaries from rats, rabbits, goats, and buffaloes were incubated in the presence of 35SO4- and the 35SO4--labelled proteins in the tissue immunoprecipitated with a well characterized anti-sheep lutropin serum. The incorporation into immunoreactive lutropin was low in the case of rat, rabbit and goat pituitaries while, it was considerable in the case of buffalo pituitaries. Hence further characterization studies were carried out on 35SO4--labelled proteins of buffaloes. The physico-chemical, immunological and biological properties of radio-labelled buffalo pituitary material were shown to be similar to those of standard lutropin. Inin vitro conditions of incubations, most of the incorporation of 35SO4- was observed into tissue lutropin while under similar conditions of incubation, [14C]-amino acids were found to get incorporated mostly into medium lutropin. The physiologically specific releasing hormone, lutropin-releasing hormone was found to stimulate the release of 35SO4--labelled lutropin from the rabbit pituitaries into the medium. These results give indirect evidence that sulphate could be present in pituitary lutropin

Dry sliding wear studies of aluminum matrix hybrid composites

In the present work, hybrid composites are fabricated with self-lubricating characteristics to make them as resource-efficient materials. AA6061-10 wt. % B4C-MoS2 hybrid composites reinforced with 2.5, 5 and 7.5 wt. % concentration of MoS2 particles are produced using stir casting technique, and mechanical and tribological properties are evaluated. Microstructural characterization of the hybrid composites revealed the uniform distribution of reinforcement (B4C and MoS2) particles in the matrix material. Hardness and fracture toughness of the hybrid composites are decreased monotonously with an increase in the addition of MoS2 particles. Dry sliding tribological studies conducted using a pin-on-disk tribotester under atmospheric conditions revealed the formation of MoS2-lubricated tribolayer on the worn pin surface which significantly influenced the tribological properties. The addition of MoS2 particles decreased the friction coefficient and wear rate of the hybrid composites. Delamination and abrasion are observed to be the controlling wear mechanisms and material in the form of platelet-shaped debris, and flow-type chip debris is formed, and a long and shallow crater on the worn pin surface of the hybrid composite is also observed

Chemical synthesis of d(GC)<SUB>4</SUB>,d(GC)<SUB>5</SUB> and d(GGTGGACCTC) by continuous flow solid phase phosphotriester method

A simplified protocol for the synthesis of oligodeoxyribonucleotides by phosphotriester approach on controlled pore glass resins using a manualdna synthesiser is presented. The main features of this method are: (i) a single system of solvents (acetonitrile:dichloromethane, 8 : 2) is used in the assembly procedure reducing the number of mechanical manipulations, (ii) dichloroacetic acid is used as a good compromise between the efficiency of deprotection and minimal depurination and (iii) it competes effectively with the phosphite method in terms of speed, efficiency and ease. All the required protected mononucleotides and functionalised resins were home-made and detailed procedures are reported. The utility of the procedure is demonstrated by the actual synthesis of sequences d(G-C)4, d(G-C)5 and d(GGTGGACCTC) required for biophysical studies in our laboratory. The oligonucleotides were purified by the recently introduced method of fast protein liquid chromatography which gives good resolutions in shorter time periods as compared to the high performance liquid chromatography technique

Outcome of the Coating Thickness on the Tool Act and Process Parameters When Dry Turning Ti–6Al–4V Alloy: GRA Taguchi & ANOVA

In the primary days of Titanium Nitride tools, before coatings, tool manufacturers appreciated the tools would last elongate and scuffle cratering if they put a little bit of Titanium Nitride (TiN) in the combination when making the tool. This had the anticipated consequence, but the more TiN that was added, the feebler and more brittle the tool became. Then someone hit on the idea of applying a thin layer of TiN to the surface of the tool. This study results the Turning experiment conducted on the Ti–6Al–4V alloy of orthogonal array with Taughi grey relational analysis. Emphases on the optimization of turning process Constraints using the technique to get Min surface roughness (Ra), Roundness (s), Tool Wear and Cutting force in TIN with Different Coating Thickness by PVD Technique. A number of Turning experiments remained conducted mistreatment the L9 OA on All Gear Lathe. The experimentations remained achieved on Ti–6Al–4V alloy block of cutting tool of an CNMP120408-SM TN8025 of 12 mm diameter with cutting point 140 degrees, used throughout the experimental work beneath different Coating Thickness. Grey relational Analysis & ANOVA was used to work out the foremost important Cutting speed, feed rate, Depth of Cut and Different Coating Thickness of TIN with 50,100,150 μm by PVD Method which affecting the respons

Multi-Response Enhancement of Drilling Process Parameters for AM 60 Magnesium Alloy as per the Quality Characteristics utilizing Taguchi-Ranking Algorithm and ANOVA

: This investigation shows the improvement of Drilling parameters on AM-60 Mg alloy made with the help of Gravity Die Casting and with reactions upheld symmetrical cluster with Grey relational analysis - GRA. Which Focuses on the streamlining of Drilling constraints utilizing the system to get least surface Roughness (Ra), Tool Wear, Cutting Time, Power Requirement and Torque and Max MRR. Concentrates on the optimization of drilling constraints utilizing the procedure to get minimum surface roughness (Ra), Thrust Force, Burr size and Circularity Error. An amount of drilling experiments remained conducted mistreatment the L9 OA on CNC Machining Center. The trails remained achieved on Mg alloy block cutting tool of an ISO 460.1-1140-034A0-XM GC3 of 12 mm diameter with Tool Angle 140 degrees, used throughout the experimental work beneath dry cutting conditions. This experimental study results like Ra, TF, CE, and BZ were analyzed. GRA & ANOVA was utilized to effort out the principal essential Spindle speed, feed rate, Titanium Coated for Drill Bits (TiN, TiAN, TiCN) with 0.020 in Coating Thickness manipulating the Reaction. The essential and collaboration effect of the data influences on the ordinary responses remain analyzed. The standard qualities and projected values are truly near

Analysis of Product Quality Through Mechanical Properties and Determining Optimal Process Parameters of Untreated and Heat-Treated AISI 1050 Alloy during Turning Operation

AISI 1050 alloy has a wide range of applications and were subjected to machining operations. The purpose of the study is to find the optimum input plain turning process parameters at three levels, using L18 orthogonal array and grey relation analysis; and to investigate the mechanical and microscopic properties of the AISI 1050 alloy before (untreated, UT) and after annealing (AN) (heat-treatment, HT) process. The results of conducted experiments revealed the optimum process parameters as following for the untreated specimens: spindle speed at 3500 r.p.m., feed 0.08 mm/rev, depth of cut at 0.6 mm, insert corner radius at 4mm, and cutting fluid concentration at 12 %, are the most optimum conditions to obtain minimum power consumption for the untreated specimens. Whereas, a spindle speed at 3500 r.p.m., feed at 0.08 mm/rev, depth of cut at 0.6mm, insert corner radius at 4 mm, and cutting fluid concentration at 12 % are the optimum parameter values for the treated specimens

Performance Evaluation of Yield Function and Comparison of Yielding Characteristics of SS 304 in Annealed and Unannealed Conditions

Sheet metal forming forms in numerous industries like vehicle depend on the yielding of the sheet metals when strained. Yielding is portrayed by plastic flow of the materials when strained. The yield point if there should be an occurrence of uniaxial tension can be effectively decided from the pressure strain diagram, yet if there should arise an occurrence of multi axial Stresses it gets complicated. A connection between the principal stresses is required determining the conditions under which plastic flow occurs. This intricacy is tended to by the anisotropic yield capacities. Likewise, the tests used to acquire yield loci might be costly and time taking in such case these yield capacities end up being exceptionally viable. The yield criteria additionally help in deciding planar distribution of yield stresses and anisotropic coefficients, which gives a decent gauge of these mechanical parameters without having to through the pain of trial assurance. This project aims at using Hill 1948 criterion to obtain the Yield surface Diagrams for SS304 in annealed and original state and subsequently obtain the planar distribution of the uniaxial yield stress and anisotropic coefficient. Also, the performance evaluation of both the distributions will be done using accuracy index

Stacked Cu1.8S nanoplatelets as counter electrode for quantum dot-sensitized solar cell

It is found that the electrocatalytic activity of Cu2-xS thin films used in quantum dot-sensitized solar cells (QDSSCs) as counter electrode (CE) for the reduction of polysulfide electrolyte depends on the surface active sulfide and disulfide species and the deficiency of Cu. The preferential bonding between Cu2+ and S2-, leading to the selective formation of a Cu1.8S stacked platelet-like morphology, is determined by the cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide surfactant and deposition temperature; the crab-like Cu-S coordination bond formed dictates the surface area to volume ratio of the Cu1.8S thin films and their electrocatalytic activity. The Cu deficiency enhances the conductivity of the Cu1.8S thin films, which exhibit near-infrared localized surface plasmon resonance due to free carriers, and UV-vis absorption spectra show an excitonic effect due to the quantum size effect. When these Cu1.8S thin films were employed as CEs in QDSSCs, a robust photoconversion efficiency of 5.2% was obtained for the film deposited at 60 °C by a single-step chemical bath deposition method

Competing risks analysis for neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio as a predictor of diabetic retinopathy incidence in the Scottish population

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a major sight-threatening microvascular complication in individuals with diabetes. Systemic inflammation combined with oxidative stress is thought to capture most of the complexities involved in the pathology of diabetic retinopathy. A high level of neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio (NLR) is an indicator of abnormal immune system activity. Current estimates of the association of NLR with diabetes and its complications are almost entirely derived from cross-sectional studies, suggesting that the nature of the reported association may be more diagnostic than prognostic. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the utility of NLR as a biomarker to predict the incidence of DR in the Scottish population.Methods: The incidence of DR was defined as the time to the first diagnosis of R1 or above grade in the Scottish retinopathy grading scheme from type 2 diabetes diagnosis. The effect of NLR and its interactions were explored using a competing risks survival model adjusting for other risk factors and accounting for deaths. The Fine and Gray subdistribution hazard model (FGR) was used to predict the effect of NLR on the incidence of DR.Results: We analysed data from 23,531 individuals with complete covariate information. At 10 years, 8416 (35.8%) had developed DR and 2989 (12.7%) were lost to competing events (death) without developing DR and 12,126 individuals did not have DR. The median (interquartile range) level of NLR was 2.04 (1.5 to 2.7). The optimal NLR cut-off value to predict retinopathy incidence was 3.04. After accounting for competing risks at 10 years, the cumulative incidence of DR and deaths without DR were 50.7% and 21.9%, respectively. NLR was associated with incident DR in both Cause-specific hazard (CSH = 1.63; 95% CI: 1.28–2.07) and FGR models the subdistribution hazard (sHR = 2.24; 95% CI: 1.70–2.94). Both age and HbA 1c were found to modulate the association between NLR and the risk of DR.Conclusions: The current study suggests that NLR has a promising potential to predict DR incidence in the Scottish population, especially in individuals less than 65 years and in those with well-controlled glycaemic status.</p