562 research outputs found
Effect of cation size variance on spin and orbital order in Eu(LaY)VO
We have investigated the -ion ( = rare earth or Y) size variance effect
on spin/orbital order in Eu(LaY)VO. The
size variance disturbs one-dimensional orbital correlation in -type
spin/-type orbital ordered states and suppresses this spin/orbital order. In
contrast, it stabilizes the other spin/orbital order. The results of neutron
and resonant X-ray scattering denote that in the other ordered phase, the
spin/orbital patterns are -type/-type, respectively.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, accepted to Rapid Communication in Physical
Review
Clinico-pathological analysis referring hemeoxygenase-1 in acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia patients
AbstractAcute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) is a very rare pathological entity of lung injury characterized by intra-alveolar fibrin balls.Hemeoxygenase (HO) -1 is a cytoprotective enzyme against oxidative stress and inflammation. It is known to be expressed in the alveolar macrophages in the healthy adults and overexpressed in other various lung cells of the lung injury patients.We experienced two cases of subacute form AFOP for these 10 years and reviewed clinico-pathological characteristics. The average age was 62 years old and both were male. The etiology of both cases was idiopathic. The average PaO2/FIO2 ratio was 274.5 ± 84.1. The average levels of C-reactive protein and surfactant protein - A of the serum were elevated to 19.8 ± 6.3 mg/dL and 67.6 ± 15.8 ng/mL, respectively. Serum sialylated carbohydrate antigen levels were normal in both cases. The characteristic radiographic findings were bilateral consolidations and ground glass opacities. Lung biopsy specimens revealed fibrin balls and alveolitis with abundant cellular HO-1 expression. Steroid response was excellent and the pulmonary involvements absolutely disappeared for about 3 months
Numerical modelling of flexible pavement incorporating cross-anisotropic material properties Part II : Surface rectangular loading
In order to better understand the impact of increased loading on roads, studies on tyre-road
interaction have gained prominence in recent years. Tyres form an essential interface between
vehicles and road pavement surfaces. These are the only parts of the vehicle that are in contact
with the road and transmit the vehicle loading to the road surface. The use of the Cartesian
coordinate system is convenient in dealing with a uniform/non-uniform tyre load acting over
a rectangular area, but few research reports are available that provide any form of theoretical
solutions for pavement responses. This paper presents analytical solutions of responses due to
rectangular loading acting on the surface of a multi-layered pavement system. The solutions
developed incorporate both isotropic and cross-anisotropic material properties. The method
followed is based on classical trigonometric integral and Fourier transformation of Navier’s
equations. Accuracy and validity of the solutions are verified through comparisons with a
proprietary finite element method (FEM) package. For this purpose, a pavement structure
composed of five main layers constituted by isotropic and cross-anisotropic (also known
as transversely isotropic) material properties is analysed. In order to vary some of the layer
properties with depth, the main layers were sub-layered, resulting in a 17-layer pavement system.The South African National Roads Agency SOC Ltd (SANRAL), the Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and the National Research Foundation (NRF).http://www.journals.co.za/ej/ejour_civileng.htmlam2017Civil Engineerin
Diurnal variation and size dependence of the hygroscopicity of organic aerosol at a forest site in Wakayama, Japan: their relationship to CCN concentrations
Formation of biogenic secondary organic aerosol (BSOA)
and its subsequent evolution can modify the hygroscopicity of the organic
aerosol component (OA) in the forest atmosphere, and affect the
concentrations of cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) there. In this study,
size-resolved aerosol hygroscopic growth at 85 % relative humidity and
size-resolved aerosol composition were measured using a hygroscopic tandem
differential mobility analyzer and an aerosol mass spectrometer,
respectively, at a forest site in Wakayama, Japan, in August and September
2015. The hygroscopicity parameter of OA (κorg) presented daily
minima in the afternoon hours, and it also showed an increase with the increase in particle dry diameter. The magnitudes of the diurnal variations in
κorg for particles with dry diameters of 100 and 300 nm were on
average 0.091 and 0.096, respectively, and the difference in κorg between particles with dry diameters of 100 and 300 nm was on
average 0.056. The relative contributions of the estimated fresh BSOA and
regional OA to total OA could explain 40 % of the observed diurnal
variations and size dependence of κorg. The hygroscopicity
parameter of fresh BSOA was estimated to range from 0.089 to 0.12 for
particles with dry diameters from 100 to 300 nm. Compared with the use of
time- and size-resolved κorg, the use of time- and
size-averaged κorg leads to under- and over-estimation of the
fractional contribution of OA to CCN number concentrations in the range from
−5.0 % to 26 %. This indicates that the diurnal variations and
size dependence of κorg strongly affect the overall
contribution of OA to CCN concentrations. The fractional contribution of
fresh BSOA to CCN number concentrations could reach 0.28 during the period
of intensive BSOA formation. The aging of the fresh BSOA, if it occurs,
increases the estimated contribution of BSOA to CCN number concentrations by
52 %–84 %.</p
Dewetting of Glassy Polymer Films
Dynamics and morphology of hole growth in a film of power hardening
viscoplastic solid (yield stress ~ [strain-rate]^n) is investigated. At
short-times the growth is exponential and depends on the initial hole size. At
long-times, for n > 1/3, the growth is exponential with a different exponent.
However, for n < 1/3, the hole growth slows; the hole radius approaches an
asymptotic value as time tends to infinity. The rim shape is highly asymmetric,
the height of which has a power law dependence on the hole radius (exponent
close to unity for 0.25 < n < 0.4). The above results explain recent intriguing
experiments of Reiter, Phys. Rev. Lett, 87, 186101 (2001).Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, RevTe
Phenomenological theory of a scalar electronic order: application to skutterudite PrFe4P12
By phenomenological Landau analysis, it is shown that a scalar order
parameter with the point-group symmetry explains most properties
associated with the phase transition in PrFeP at 6.5 K. The
scalar-order model reproduces magnetic and elastic properties in
PrFeP consistently such as (i) the anomaly of the magnetic
susceptibility and elastic constant at the transition temperature, (ii)
anisotropy of the magnetic susceptibility in the presence of uniaxial pressure,
and (iii) the anomaly in the elastic constant in magnetic field. An Ehrenfest
relation is derived which relates the anomaly of the magnetic susceptibility to
that of the elastic constant at the transition.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figure
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