Tribological properties of the Fe-Al intermetallic alloys after annealing

In paper researching results of tribological proprieties Fe3Al intermetallic alloys after annealing are presented. Studies were conducted in the following environments: a water; an air and oil. For investigation purposes the tribotester pin-on-disk type with the contrsample made of steel 40H quenched and tempered was used. Tests were carried out with the following process parameters: pressure p = 2MPa and linear velocity (circuital) V = 0.46m/s. It was noted, that intermetallic samples with the small distinction in chemical compositions, annealed at different temperatures showed a large difference in the quantity of material loss in the all tested environments. Appropriately selected parameters of the intermetallic alloys annealing, provide their greater resistance to abrasion in the air and oil environments than in the case of steel

A R C H I V E S O f F O U N D R Y E N G I N E E R I N G Tribological properties of the Fe-Al intermetallic alloys after annealing

Abstract In paper researching results of tribological proprieties Fe 3 Al intermetallic alloys after annealing are presented. Studies were conducted in the following environments: a water; an air and oil. For investigation purposes the tribotester pin-on-disk type with the contrsample made of steel 40H quenched and tempered was used. Tests were carried out with the following process parameters: pressure p = 2MPa and linear velocity (circuital) V = 0.46m/s. It was noted, that intermetallic samples with the small distinction in chemical compositions, annealed at different temperatures showed a large difference in the quantity of material loss in the all tested environments. Appropriately selected parameters of the intermetallic alloys annealing, provide their greater resistance to abrasion in the air and oil environments than in the case of steel.

Test stand to tribological wear investigations of the intermetalics FE-AL type and composites on the metallic ground mass

W niniejszym opracowaniu przedstawiono konstrukcję aparatu do badania zużycia ściernego intermetali i kompozytów w osnowie metalicznej. Podczas projektowania i wykonywania stanowiska, szczególną uwagę zwracano na możliwość zapewnienia jak największych możliwości badawczych w połączeniu z prostotą obsługi. W pracy przedstawiono rozwiązania konstrukcyjne poszczególnych układów roboczych urządzenia. W celu przetestowania stanowiska przeprowadzono i przeanalizowano badania trybologiczne wybranych materiałów inżynierskich typu kompozyty, intermetale.The design of apparatus for tribological wear investigations of intermetallics and composites on the metallic ground mass is presented in this study. When designing and constructing the test stand, a special attention was paid to assure the greatest research possibilities in conjunction with ease of handling. In paper, constructional solutions of the individual tribotester working layouts are described. In order to test the device, a tribological studies of selected engineering materials such as composites, zinc alloys and intermetallics has been carried out and analyzed

Methodology of the vertical axis wind turbines location fields researching

W pracy poruszono problematykę integracji energetyki wiatrowej ze środowiskiem. Przedyskutowano plusy i minusy pozyskiwania energii z wykorzystaniem odnawialnych źródeł energii. Zasygnalizowano możliwości rozwoju turbin wiatrowych o pionowej osi obrotu przeznaczonych dla odbiorców o stosunkowo niewielkim zapotrzebowaniu mocy - do około 1,5 kW. Zaproponowano nowe autorskie rozwiązania konstrukcji masztów (typu "F", "2F" oraz "F/2F") przeznaczonych do mocowania wirników turbin wiatrowych. Podkreślono przy tym, że zaproponowane rozwiązanie bardzo dobrze wkomponowuje się w infrastrukturę i architekturę występującą na danym terenie. Według przeprowadzonych przez autorów badań własnych, wykazano, że dla okolic Białegostoku (Nowosiółki k. Krypna) prędkość wiatru zmienia się stosunkowo dużym przedziale w zależności od czasu pomiaru. Skutkuje to odpowiednio zmianami pozyskiwanych chwilowych mocy przez turbinę. Analiza wyników badań własnych wykazała również, że w danych warunkach terenowych występują stosunkowo duże różnice potencjalnego pozyskiwania mocy przez turbinę w poszczególnych miesiącach.This work touches the problems connected with the integration of wind energetic with the environment. There were discussed the advantages and disadvantages of the gain of energy with the usage of the renewable sources of energy. There were represented the opportunities of the development of wind turbines with the vertical turn axle appropriated for the receivers with about 1,5 kW. The author proposes the new solution of the construction of masts (of "F", "2F" and "F/2F" types) appropriated to the fixing of runners of the wind turbines. It was emphasized, that the proposed solution introduces in the infrastructure and architecture of the local territory. In according with the own author's searches it has been indicated that the speed of wind changing in the relatively large section is depended on the time of measurement for the surrounding of Białystok (Nowosiolki near Krypno). It causes the changes of the gained transitory power of turbine. The analysis of the results has also showed that in local conditions there are relatively big differences of the potential gaining of power by turbine during several months

Influence of annealing time and temperature on the Fe3Al intermetallic alloys microstructure modification

There is an industry interesting in intermetallic alloys in recent years. There are widely possibilities to adopt this kind of materials for structural units. More expensive materials can be replaced by them. A property which limits their wider application is the low plasticity at environment and elevated temperatures. In paper the results of the thermal microstructure modification are shown. To this end, the influence of annealing time and temperature on the intermetallic phase Fe3Al grain size was investigated. The impact of these factors on micro-hardness was examined as well. It was found that these operations cause the grain size reduction and the micro-hardness decrease

Homologation tests of single-stage R02 reducer

This article presents the results of homologation tests of an LPG reducer. Due to the material requirements of the LPG reducer in this case, the R02 reducer, designed by the joint-stock company AC Spółka Akcyjna, is used. Test procedures, which must be carried out, are also presented and generally explained with specified conditions for conducting the processes. The advantages of using the R02 are also presented. The properties of aluminium alloy 226, which is the body of the reducer, are characterized and are divided into four groups: technological features/qualitative indications, physical properties, mechanical features and chemical composition. The whole article is summarized with appropriate conclusions

Overview of tooling concept for microforming

Mikroforming (wyciskanie metali w mikro-skali) jest alternatywną, do obróbek skrawaniem, metodą wytwarzania mikro-przedmiotów. Ma ona nad nimi tę przewagę, że jest bardziej efektywna oraz zapewnia powtarzalność kształtów i wymiarów. Wymaga jednak zastosowania narzędzi, których budowa pozwoli na redukcję wpływu efektu skali na proces odkształcania. W pracy zaprezentowano wybrane rozwiązania konstrukcyjne mikro-maszyn zaprojektowanych do celów obróbki plastycznej metali.Mikroforming is an alternative to machining, production method of micro-parts. Its advantage is to being more effective and assuring dimensions' and shapes' repeatability. However, using this method, its required to apply tools, with construction complied size effects. In this paper selected constructional micro-machines solutions, designed for plastic deformation are described

Influence of the Savonius rotor geometry on its efficiency

Ze względu na opłacalność stosowania turbin wiatrowych o pionowej osi obrotu dla potrzeb indywidualnego odbiorcy, powstało zapotrzebowanie na dokładne ustalenie ich parametrów wymiarowo-geometrycznych oraz opracowanie metodyki określania najkorzystniejszych lokalizacji terenowych. Z myślą realizacji tego zadania, zaprojektowano i wykonano stanowisko badawcze w postaci mobilnej turbiny o geometrii kształtu wirnika typu Savoniusa. Stanowisko to umożliwia odtworzenie rzeczywistej pracy rotora oraz identyfikację jego optymalnych wielkości geometrycznych w obranych warunkach terenowych. W pracy przedstawiono wpływ tych wielkości na parametry pracy urządzenia w funkcji prędkości wiatru.Due to the cost-effectiveness of the vertical axis wind turbines use for the individual customer's needs, there is a demand to optimize its geometrical parameters and to determine the most favorable location fields. With a view to the implementation of this task, the test stand in the form of a mobile windmill with the Savonius-type rotor shape geometry was designed and manufactured. This stand allows to reproduce the real rotor work and to identify its optimal geometrical parameters in the selected field conditions. In paper, the influence of these parameters on the device performance as a function of wind speed are shown

Analysis of operating parameters and indicators of a compression ignition engine fuelled with LPG

This article presents the possibilities for using alternative fuels to power vehicles equipped with compression ignition (CI) engines (diesel). Systems for using such fuels have been discussed. Detailed analysis and research covered the LPG STAG autogas system, which is used to power dual-fuel engine units (LPG+diesel). A description of the operation of the autogas system and installation in a vehicle has been presented. The basic algorithms of the controller, which is an actuating element of the whole system, have been discussed. Protection systems of a serial production engine unit to guarantee its factorycontrolled durability standards have been presented. A long-distance test drive and examinations of the engine over 150,000 km in a Toyota Hilux have been performed. Operating parameters and performance indicators of the engine with STAG LPG+diesel fuelling have been verified. Directions and perspectives for the further development of such a system in diesel-powered cars have been also indicated