THE MECHANISM OF CURRENCY REGULATION IN MODERN CONDITIONS: THEORETICAL ASPECT

One of the important factors for improving the economic situation in the Russian Federation is the optimization of the mechanism of currency regulation. Its role as the main means of implementing monetary policy is of particular importance in countries where the national currency has limited convertibility, since it is not in stable demand in the global financial markets. The purpose of this article is to summarize existing theoretical approaches to the problem of formation and regulation of the exchange rate based on the study of the evolution of relevant theories and concepts, as well as the definition of their scope of application and the conditions of validity. The article systematizes the theoretical aspects of the formation and regulation of the exchange rate. The paper highlights the instruments that affect the exchange rate. The authors study the main approaches to the relationship between the balance of payments and the exchange rate. The obtained theoretical results can be used in the formation and adjustment of monetary policy

Green finance in the United States of America, United Kingdom and Russian Federation: practice analysis

Now, when the world economy is gradually transforming into a low-carbon one, the criterion of sustainable development of the green economy is becoming an increasingly decisive factor in the competitiveness of the state. Another aspect of relevance is the fact that aggressive business development, especially in terms of lending and investment, often opposes environmental protection issues. The purpose of this article is to study the practice of green finance in developed countries and identify development prospects in the Russian Federation. The methods of system and critical analysis, as well as graphical method were used in the work. It is revealed that foreign developed countries are actively improving legislation and introducing mechanisms of green financing. These processes do not always occur smoothly, it takes time to adapt and develop them, but there are more and more green financial instruments, the global financial system is gradually changing. It has been established that the processes of green energy transfer should have a steady but smooth character, otherwise there is always a risk of getting a completely unexpected negative result. It has been revealed that Russia has all the necessary resources to build a new, more environmentally friendly economy through green financing. But the transition to sustainable development, improvement of infrastructure and environmentally friendly industries is impossible without the active intervention of the state and changes in the self-consciousness of Russians