8,637 research outputs found
Effect of silica colloids on the rheology of viscoelastic gels formed by the surfactant cetyl trimethylammonium tosylate
The effects of the addition of sub-micrometer sized colloidal silica spheres
on the linear and nonlinear rheology of semi-dilute solutions of a viscoelastic
gel are studied. For a 1.4 wt.% solution of the surfactant CTAT, a peak in the
zero shear rate viscosity is observed at approximately equal
weight percents of silica and CTAT. This peak shifts to lower silica
concentrations on increasing either the CTAT concentration or the surface
charge on silica and disappears when the CTAT concentration is increased to
2.6wt%. The increases in and the high frequency plateau modulus
G on the introduction of SiO are explained by considering the
increasingly entangled wormlike micelles that are formed due to the enhanced
screening of the electrostatic interactions. The observed decrease in the
values of G and at higher concentrations of silica
particles is explained in terms of the formation of surfactant bilayers due to
the adsorption of the positively charged cetyl trimethylammonium to the
negatively charged silica.Comment: 28 pages, includes 8 eps and 2 png figures; accepted for publication
in Jl. Colloid Interface Sc
Dynamical Behaviour in the Nonlinear Rheology of Surfactant Solutions
Several surfactant molecules self-assemble in solution to form long, flexible
wormlike micelles which get entangled with each other, leading to viscoelastic
gel phases. We discuss our recent work on the rheology of such a gel formed in
the dilute aqueous solutions of a surfactant CTAT. In the linear rheology
regime, the storage modulus and loss modulus
have been measured over a wide frequency range. In
the nonlinear regime, the shear stress shows a plateau as a function
of the shear rate above a certain cutoff shear rate
. Under controlled shear rate conditions in the plateau regime,
the shear stress and the first normal stress difference show oscillatory
time-dependence. The analysis of the measured time series of shear stress and
normal stress has been done using several methods incorporating state space
reconstruction by embedding of time delay vectors.The analysis shows the
existence of a finite correlation dimension and a positive Lyapunov exponent,
unambiguously implying that the dynamics of the observed mechanical instability
can be described by that of a dynamical system with a strange attractor of
dimension varying from 2.4 to 2.9.Comment: 12 pages, includes 7 eps figure
Changing Income Structure, Ownership and Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Indian Banking Sector
This paper investigates the relationship between the changing patterns of bank’s source of income and risk adjusted performance. A database of 77 banks over the period of 1999 to 2004 is constructed for the 27 public sector banks, 22 private banks, 25 foreign banks and 3 cooperative banks to compare their change in income composition. Bank’s performance is measured by risk adjusted return on BIS risk allocated capital (RARORAC). To examine the relationship between ownership pattern and performance, we compare the difference between new generation private sector banks and foreign banks with their public sector and cooperative banks counterparts. We argue that in a competitive financial market in order to change the profitability drivers in banking, Indian banks need to improve their non-interest income and also augment risk adjusted interest income through better risk based pricing.Banking, Value creation and performance
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