36 research outputs found
The rules of creating rural spaces - measurable and cultural values
The traditional form of rural urbanization is a result of social, cultural, economic factors and natural contitions. Nowadays, changes of these forms transform the village. It looses settlement individuality and its functions become unified. The study deals with a problem, which we can put into questions: what composes a character of rural urbanization, what kind of forms have influence on a perception of the space, how do present obligatory planning rules rise its quality, how to develop forms and rurles of creating rural area? To find answers to these questions the study includes analysises of 226 local plans of the spatial management, that were made for communities near Wrocław. Two of them were distinquished. First describes settlements, that concern rules of creating urbanization and area management. Second analysis shows a process of replacing various settlements by legal regulations which are not an effective instrument in keeping law. During analyzing we can see, that there are some values in the project development, which are important elements for the spatial order. For example: of a place/form: originality, individuality, unique; function's types: symbolic function, a tradition, a rank, specificity and attractiveness of place
Encapsulation of power electronics components for operation in harsh environments
This paper reports on analyses and testing of sensitive power electronics components
encapsulation concept, enabling operation in harsh, especially high pressure
environments. The paper describes development of the concept of epoxy modules that
can be used for protecting of the power electronics components against harsh environmental
conditions. It covers modeling of the protective capsules using a simple analytical
approach and Finite Element Method (FEM) models and validation of the developed
models with the high pressure tests on samples fabricated. The analyses covered two
types of the epoxy modules: of sphere- and elongated- shape, both with electrical penetrators
that enable electrical connection of the encapsulated components with external power
sources as well as other power modules and components. The tests were conducted
in a pressure chamber, with a maximum applied pressure of 310 bars, for which online
strain measurements have been conducted. The experimental results were compared with
the simulation results obtained with analytical and FEM models, providing validation of
the models employed. The experimental part of this work was conducted in collaboration
with Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia
Encapsulation of power electronics components for operation in harsh environments
This paper reports on analyses and testing of sensitive power electronics components
encapsulation concept, enabling operation in harsh, especially high pressure
environments. The paper describes development of the concept of epoxy modules that
can be used for protecting of the power electronics components against harsh environmental
conditions. It covers modeling of the protective capsules using a simple analytical
approach and Finite Element Method (FEM) models and validation of the developed
models with the high pressure tests on samples fabricated. The analyses covered two
types of the epoxy modules: of sphere- and elongated- shape, both with electrical penetrators
that enable electrical connection of the encapsulated components with external power
sources as well as other power modules and components. The tests were conducted
in a pressure chamber, with a maximum applied pressure of 310 bars, for which online
strain measurements have been conducted. The experimental results were compared with
the simulation results obtained with analytical and FEM models, providing validation of
the models employed. The experimental part of this work was conducted in collaboration
with Polish Naval Academy in Gdynia
Use of saccharose and structural polysaccharides from sugar beet biomass for bioethanol production
In addition to saccharose, sugar beet root contains
a lignocellulosic fraction, which is not used in the process of sugar
production and remains in sugar beet pulp. There is a great interest
in using the polysaccharides (cellulose, hemicellulose) present in
this raw material for the production of bioethanol. The objective
of this study was to assess the effect of the enzymatic treatment of
sugar beet biomass on the hydrolysis of the cellulose and hemicellulose
present in its cell walls, as well as its effect on the efficiency
of alcoholic fermentation of saccharose and sugars liberated from
structural polysaccharides. Its effect on the efficiency of the process
of inoculating the fermentation medium with a monoculture
or a co-culture of yeast strains fermenting hexose and pentose
sugars was also investigated. Our results reveal that in order to
enable the utilization of all fermentable sugars in the sugar beet
root biomass (saccharose as well as monosaccharides bound in
structural polysaccharides), initial enzymatic treatment should
be applied, followed by alcoholic fermentation using sequential
inoculation with a co-culture of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and
Pichia stipitis. These conditions ensure the utilization of hexoses
and pentoses (xylose) in alcoholic fermentation, thus enabling the
production of 9.9±0.4 kg of ethanol from 100 kg of sugar beet
biomass
Superconducting Electromagnets for Large Wind-Tunnel Magnetic Suspension and Balance Systems
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