Need for Diabetic Screening an a Periodontal Setup

INTRODUCTION: Periodontitis has been proved to be linked deeply with the chronic ailment diabetes. Research data shows that their relationship is direct and bifacial. The prevalence of both these diseases is on the rise but still there is a scarcity of diabetic screening in periodontal set-ups.AIM: To lay emphasis on the need of diabetic screening in a periodontal set-upMATERIAL AND METHODS: An observational, cross-sectional study with an initial sample size of 200 patients was conducted. Periodontitis was evaluated with the CPI index and RBS was measured using a blood glucometer.RESULTS: Significant difference in the periodontitis patients who were aware and unaware of their diabetic status.CONCLUSION: Screening for diabetes in a periodontal clinic is conducive to the creation of awareness and early detection and treatment of such a chronic disease and can help avoid the setting in of related complications by giving the patient a chance to initiate an early intervention

ACUTE POST COMPLICATIONS IN STROKE PATIENTS VISITING A TERTIARY TEACHING HOSPITAL

Objective: The study was focused on assessing the incidence of stroke and their association with types of the risk factor, with an emphasis on acute post complications and their symptomatic management for early detection.Methods: A prospective observational study was carried out on stroke patients visiting a medicine department of a tertiary hospital, Andhra Pradesh, India from August 2017 to November 2017. Patient's demographics and lab data was collected for analysis.Results: A total of 110 patients participated in the study. Among them high incidence is males (69%), 61-80yrs (48%), with 2 risk factors (35%) among which age (67%) and hypertension (66%) were related to the high degree of prevalence. 47% of the study population were identified with one complication, among which seizures account for 38% of patients. All the complications associated with the condition were treated with drug classes, in which anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs) were the mainstay in the management of epilepsy.Conclusion: Brain edema and seizure attack were the most accountable complications identified in the study population. The early detection of these problems can improve the stroke outcomes and can reduce the mortality or disability rate

Marine Biodiversity Museum (A Designated National Repository) Catalogue

The Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin was recognized as a 'Designated National Repository' by the Government of India, in December 2007 in consultation with the National Biodiversity Authority under the Biological Diversity Act, 2002. A Designated National Repository (DNR) is an Institution authorised to keep in safe custody specimens of different categories of biological material. The Museum offers a glimpse of the bioresources of the Indian seas. Currently the museum houses six holotype specimens, 878 finfish species, 136 crustaceans, 217 molluscs, 44 echinoderms, 162 corals, 12 sponges, 20 ascidians, 82 seaweeds and 8 seagrasses besides a dolphin and three Antarctic birds. The Museum is open to scientists, teachers, students and the general public. The fact that students form more than 85% of the visitors highlights the role played by the Museum in education. A catalogue of the specimens available in the Museum has been prepared as it is expected to be of immense use to those engaged in marine biodiversity studies. I sincerely thank Dr. G. Syda Rao, Director, CMFRI whose guidance and encouragement made this a reality

A Novel Skin Disease Detection Technique Using Machine Learning

Skin sicknesses present critical medical care difficulties around the world, requiring precise and opportune location for successful therapy. AI became promising stuff for computerizing the discovery and characterization of skin illnesses. This study presents a clever methodology that uses the choice tree strategy for skin sickness location. In computerized location, we utilize an exhaustive dataset containing different skin sickness pictures, including melanoma, psoriasis, dermatitis, and contagious diseases. Dermatologists skillfully mark the dataset, guaranteeing solid ground truth for precise grouping. Preprocessing strategies like resizing, standardization, and quality improvement are applied to set up the symbolism for the choice tree calculation. Then, we remove applicable elements from the preprocessed pictures, enveloping surface, variety, and shape descriptors to catch infection explicit examples successfully. The choice tree model is prepared utilizing these removed elements and the named dataset. Utilizing the choice tree's capacity to learn progressive designs and choice principles, our methodology accomplishes an elevated degree of exactness in grouping skin sicknesses. Extensive experiments and evaluations on a dedicated validation set demonstrate the effectiveness of our decision tree-based method, achieving a classification accuracy of 96%. Our proposed method provides a reliable and automated solution for skin disease detection, with potential applications in clinical settings. By enabling early and accurate diagnoses, our approach has the capacity to improve patient outcomes, trim down healthcare overheads, and alleviate the burden on dermatologists

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New distributional record of the insular shelf beauty Symphysanodon typus Bleeker, 1878 (Family: Symphysanodontidae) from Indian waters

The family Symphysanodontidae comprises of small to medium sized bony fishes commonly known as banquelovelies, slopefishes and insular shelf beauties. They are caught in trawls operating in depths from 50 to 500 m, mainly on the continental shelf and slopes

Screening groundnut genotypes using TIR (Temperature Induction Response) technique for thermotolerance

Heat is one of the major abiotic stresses that adversely affect crop production worldwide at different stages of development. Groundnut is a major crop cultivated in tropical and sub-tropical regions where high temperature stress is a serious constraint for its production. In the present study, temperature induction response (TIR) was conducted for screening the tolerant genotypes, where the seedlings were exposed to sublethal temperature from 34ºC-54ºC for 4 hours 30 minutes followed by lethal temperature at 58ºC for 3 hours. From the 100 diverse genotypes screened, 24 showed tolerance to high temperature with mean percent seedling survival of 92%, 30 showed moderate tolerance and 46 were identified as temperature susceptible compared with checks (100% survival). Results suggested that TIR is used to identify stable thermotolerant genotypes and could be explored as donor source useful in breeding programmes. Further work will be focused on the physiological and molecular basis of thermotolerance in selected tolerant and susceptible genotypes for the identification of heat stress tolerant genes which could be useful for engineering plants with improved heat tolerance

Renaissance in Fisheries: Outlook and Strategies - Book of Abstracts 9th Indian Fisheries Forum, December 19-23, 2011, Chennai, India

The Asian Fisheries Society – Indian Branch (AFSIB) since its inception in 1986, has been providing a platform for discussion at the national level on issues related to research, development, education and policies by organizing Indian Fisheries Forum (IFF) every three years in different parts of the country. The 9th Indian Fisheries Forum (9th iff) will be hosted by the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRI), at Chennai during 19-23 December 2011. The main theme of the 9th iff is “Renaissance in Fisheries: Outlook & Strategies”. It would have a comprehensive look for the fisheries and aquaculture sectors, for achieving greater synergy among the stakeholders and planning strategies for capture fisheries and aquafarming to build higher levels of sustainability and profitability. The forum would also address the issues of impact of climate change and its mitigation, resource constraint and species diversification for the expansion of fish production activity; and encourage young scientists to undertake need-based and resource specific research. An international symposium sponsored by the Bay of Bengal Large Marine Ecosystem (BoBLME) is scheduled to be held during the forum on 21 December, 2011 with theme: Bay of Bengal–Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries Management

Sputum conversion at the end of intensive phase of Category-1 regimen in the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis patients with diabetes mellitus or HIV infection: An analysis of risk factors

Background & objectives: New smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients in the Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) are treated with a 6-month short-course chemotherapy (SCC) regimen irrespective of co-morbid conditions. We undertook this retrospective analysis to compare sputum conversion rates (smear, culture) at the end of intensive phase (IP) of Category-1 regimen among patients admitted to concurrent controlled clinical trials: pulmonary tuberculosis alone (PTB) or with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-TB) or HIV infection (HIV-TB), and to identify the risk factors influencing sputum conversion. Methods: In this retrospective analysis sputum conversion rates at the end of intensive phase (IP) in three concurrent studies undertaken among PTB, DM-TB and HIV-TB patients, during 1998 – 2002 at the Tuberculosis Research Centre (TRC), Chennai, were compared. Sputum smears were examined by fluorescent microscopy. HIV infected patients did not receive anti-retroviral treatment (ART). Patients with DM were treated with oral hypoglycaemic drugs or insulin (sc). Results: The study population included 98, 92 and 88 patients in the PTB, DM-TB and HIV-TB studies. At the end of IP the smear conversion (58, 61, and 62%) and culture conversion (86, 88 and 92%) rates were similar in the three groups respectively. The variables associated with lack of sputum smear or culture conversion were age >45 yr, higher pre-treatment smear and culture grading, and extent of the radiographic involvement. Interpretation & conclusions: Our findings confirm that the current policy of the control programme to treat all pulmonary TB patients with or with out co-morbid conditions with Category-I regimen appears to be appropriate

Fine mapping and sequence analysis reveal a promising candidate gene encoding a novel NB-ARC domain derived from wild rice (Oryza officinalis) that confers bacterial blight resistance

Bacterial blight disease of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most serious constraints in rice production. The most sustainable strategy to combat the disease is the deployment of host plant resistance. Earlier, we identified an introgression line, IR 75084-15-3-B-B, derived from Oryza officinalis possessing broad-spectrum resistance against Xoo. In order to understand the inheritance of resistance in the O. officinalis accession and identify genomic region(s) associated with resistance, a recombinant inbred line (RIL) mapping population was developed from the cross Samba Mahsuri (susceptible to bacterial blight) × IR 75084-15-3-B-B (resistant to bacterial blight). The F2 population derived from the cross segregated in a phenotypic ratio of 3: 1 (resistant susceptible) implying that resistance in IR 75084-15-3-B-B is controlled by a single dominant gene/quantitative trait locus (QTL). In the F7 generation, a set of 47 homozygous resistant lines and 47 homozygous susceptible lines was used to study the association between phenotypic data obtained through screening with Xoo and genotypic data obtained through analysis of 7K rice single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. Through composite interval mapping, a major locus was detected in the midst of two flanking SNP markers, viz., Chr11.27817978 and Chr11.27994133, on chromosome 11L with a logarithm of the odds (LOD) score of 10.21 and 35.93% of phenotypic variation, and the locus has been named Xa48t. In silico search in the genomic region between the two markers flanking Xa48t identified 10 putatively expressed genes located in the region of interest. The quantitative expression and DNA sequence analysis of these genes from contrasting parents identified the Os11g0687900 encoding an NB-ARC domain-containing protein as the most promising gene associated with resistance. Interestingly, a 16-bp insertion was noticed in the untranslated region (UTR) of the gene in the resistant parent, IR 75084-15-3-B-B, which was absent in Samba Mahsuri. The association of Os11g0687900 with resistance phenotype was further established by sequence-based DNA marker analysis in the RIL population. A co-segregating PCR-based INDEL marker, Marker_Xa48, has been developed for use in the marker-assisted breeding of Xa48t