Cod removal of cardboard factory wastewater by upflow anaerobic filter

Cardboard factories have generated organic contaminated wastewater according to their using of raw materials which included starch glue in process. Wastewater usually contains of pink color with high turbidity and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 1,300 – 1,600 mg/L which affected to environmental problem. In this studies, Upflow Anaerobic Filter reactors were developed to operate under anaerobic condition at standard temperature and pressure status (1 atm , 25 oC). Diameter and active height of reactor was 0.15 m and 1.2 m. Bio balls were introduced into the reactor which has specific surface area by 230 m2/m3. The reactors had effective volume of 19 liters. The operated conditions in this research were controlled at OLR 0.65 kgCOD/m3.d, HRT 48 hr. and OLR 1.3 kgCOD/m3.d , HRT 24 hr. Results showed the efficiency of COD removal that enhanced to 40.7 % and 47.4 %, for OLR 0.65 kgCOD/m3.d and OLR 1.3 kgCOD/m3.d respectively. Gas analysis by Shimazu GC-8A revealed that CH4 production from the operated conditions with OLR 0.65 kgCOD/m3.d and OLR 1.3 kgCOD/m3.d were 61.2 % and 62.4 % ,respectively. Consequently, biochemical methane potential (BMP) can be estimated to 0.09 LCH4/gCOD.d and 0.07 LCH4/gCOD.d , while pH 6.9 – 8.1 , VFA 80 - 650 mg/L and Alkalinity 38 – 65 mgCaCO3/L( without adjustment). Due to the regulations of Ministry of Industry and environmental friendly issue, the Upflow Anaerobic filter should be the primary wastewater treatment for cardboard factory wastewater

Effects of temperature and volumetric loading rate on phenol adsorption capacity by granular activated carbon

The effects of temperature and volumetric loading rate on adsorption capacity of phenol by granular activated carbon were studied using F-300 and C2-115 granular activated carbon. All the experiments were conducted both in a batch study and a fixed-bed adsorption column study with the initial phenol concentration of 10 mg/l. In the batch study, the effects of temperature on the adsorption capacity and the rate of adsorption were determined. The results from the batch study showed that the rate of adsorption of F-300 was higher than that of C2-115. Moreover, it was clearly shown that the adsorption capacity increased with increasing temperature in both types of activated carbon at a contact time of 5 hours. In addition, the results from the fixed-bed column study revealed that the adsorption capacity decreased with increasing volumetric loading rate. Regression analysis expressed that the constants of Bohart-Adams Model ( K ) at volumetric loading rate of 2.5 , 5.0 and 10.0 m3/m2-hr were 0.0027 , 0.0063 and 0.0128 l/mg-hr for F-300 and 0.0021, 0.0071 and 0.0127 l/mg-hr for C2-115, respectively. N0 constant at volumetric loading rates of 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 m3/ m2-hr were 30,393, 19,502 and 13,997 mg/l for F-300 and 27,752, 13,873 and 10,535 mg/l for C2-115, respectively. Thus, it can be summarized that the performance of F-300 was higher than that of C2-115 activated carbon at the studied conditions