Biochemical analysis of Cassia fistula aqueous extract and phytochemically synthesized gold nanoparticles as hypoglycemic treatment for diabetes mellitus

Cassia fistula stem bark was used for the preparation of aqueous extract and synthesis of gold nanoparticles to evaluate the hypoglycemic effects of the plant. The synthesized gold nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy for their absorbance pattern, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to identify possible functional groups, and scanning electron microscopy to determine the size of the nanoparticles. The present investigation reports the efficacy of the gold nanoparticles as promising in the treatment of hyperglycemia. Body weight, serum glucose concentrations, liver function tests, kidney function tests, and lipid profile were analyzed. A significantly larger decrease in serum biochemistry parameters and an increase in body weight, total protein levels, and high-density lipoprotein were observed in rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes treated with gold nanoparticles than in the ones treated with the aqueous extract. The results of this study confirm that C. fistula gold nanoparticles have promising antidiabetic properties

Associated graded rings of the filtration of tight closure of powers of parameter ideals

Let $I$ be an ideal generated by a system of parameters in an excellent Cohen-Macaulay local domain. We show that the associated graded ring $G^*(I)$ of the filtration $\{(I^n)^*: n\in \mathbb{N}\}$ is Cohen-Macaulay. We prove that if $R$ is an excellent Buchsbaum local domain then $G^*(I)$ is a Buchsbaum module over the Rees ring $\mathcal R^*(I)=\oplus_{n\in \mathbb{N}}(I^n)^*.$ We provide quick proofs of well-known results of I. Aberbach, Huneke-Itoh and Huneke-Hochster about the filtration $\{(I^n)^*: n\in \mathbb{N}\}$ in excellent local domains. An important tool used in the proofs is a deep result due to M. Hochster and C. Huneke which states that the absolute integral closure of an excellent local domain is a big Cohen-Macaulay algebra. We compute the tight closure of $I^n$ where $I$ is generated by homogeneous system of parameters having the same degree $e$ in the hypersurface ring $R=\mathbb{F}_p[X_0,\ldots ,X_d]/(X_0^r+\cdots+X_d^r).$ In such cases we prove that $G^*(I)$ is Cohen-Macaulay. We provide conditions on $r, d, e$ for the Rees algebra $\mathcal R^*(I)$ to be Cohen-Macaulay

Standardization of Phala Varthi an Ayurvedic Rectal Suppository

Suppositories are solid dosage forms intended for insertion into body cavities or orifices, where they melt or dissolved to exert either local or systemic effect. Phalavarti is an Ayurvedic way of application of suppositories in rectal ailments as discussed in Samhitas. Phalavarthi is one of VatiKalpana, It is a simple homemade medicament which can be prepared with easily available ingredients, It can be used in various types of GIT disorders like Udavarta, Anaha, Adhmana, Arsas, Gulma, Udara, Vibanda, which are some of the very common problems faced by general population due to irregular dietary habits and sedentary life style leading to Mandagni. The impaired digestion is main cause for various types of systemic and metabolic disorders. In such conditions Vatanulomana is main line of management. Apart from above specified conditions, Phalavarthi preparations can also be used in Panchakarma ayoga conditions like Virechana, Niruha, Anuvasana and Uttara vasthi. Despite the fact that various types of Phalavarthi preparations have been mentioned in Ayurveda texts, they are not in regular use due to less attention and focus received on this subject. There fore the present scientific study has been taken up to overcome the practical difficulties in both preparation and application of Phala vartis with a scientific approach. Phalavarthi is a very unique concept which is far superior to modern concept of rectal suppositories, it can be administered to children, old persons and all those who cannot swallow drugs easily. Hence keeping this advantage in mind, an attempt has been made to prepare and administer Phalavarthi in GIT disorders following the guidelines of Acharya Charaka and also keeping in view of modern principles of preparation of suppositories

Targeting multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis htra2 with identical chemical entities of fluoroquinolones

Tuberculosis is a highly communicable and chronic respiratory disease caused by pathogenic bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The drug - resistant species of Mycobacterium tuberculosis are tough to cure due to its resistant activity toward potential drugs. Available inhibitors of tuberculosis include few antimicrobial fluoroquinolone agents like ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, and moxifloxacin to treat resistant Mycobacterium strains. Literature study elucidates that macromolecular target namely, HtrA2 of Mycobacterium tuberculosis play a dual role of protease and chaperone. These two activities are dependent on temperature, with low temperatures promoting the chaperone function and high temperatures promoting serine protease activity. Under normal physiological conditions HtrA2 acts as a quality control factor and promotes cell survival. In the present investigation, we screened fluoroquinolone such as ciprofloxacin, moxifloxacin and ofloxacin and their analogues based on better Docking score, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion screening and Lipinski′s rule of 5, to find out their efficiency on resistant strain through in silico study. From the results observed, the analogues are suggested to be potent inhibitors of HtrA2 with sufficient scope for further exploration

State of nutrition amongst US college students: dataset of a national survey study

Abstract Objective This article presents the dataset titled “Nutrition habits amongst college students in the United States. [1]” The dataset contains the survey responses of 200 US college students aged 18–24 years regarding their knowledge, attitudes, and challenges with regard to nutrition. The recommended USDA (US daily allowance) is 200 calories, comprised of 2 cups fruits, 2.5 cups vegetables, 5.5 ounces of protein, 6 ounces of grains, and 3 cups of dairy [2]. Adhering to these nutritional guidelines however can be complicated by rising tuition prices, food insecurity, and inability to make one’s own food. Data description The data in the dataset attempt to estimate the incidence of these barriers. These data could be useful to understand the barriers to healthy eating amongst young adults, and design targeted solutions