A STUDY ON EVALUATION OF POTASSIUM ABNORMALITIES IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL

Objective: To study the occurrence, causes, predisposing factors and management of potassium abnormalities in a tertiary care hospital. Methods: Inour studywhich was for aduration of six months, we recorded patient demographics, electrolyte levels, complete blood picture, liver function tests, renal parameters, comorbid conditions,medication reconciliation and electro cardio gram (ECG) changes. The data was analyzed to find out the cause for potassium abnormality and was categorize based on their severity. Results:A total of 200 cases of potassium abnormalities was normalized during the study period. We observed158(80%)cases with hypokalemia, 37 (17%) cases with hyperkalemia and 5 (3%) caseswith subsequentPotassium abnormalities. We observed the majority of hypokalemiaarewith disease induced 87(55.06%) cases and 118 (74.0%)cases were with mild hypokalemia. Syruppotassium chloride was usedto normalize the serum potassium levels. Majority of the hyperkalemia cases were disease induced and was found in 19(51.35%)cases and 22 (59.45%) casescome under mild categorywhich was managed with injection calciumgluconate. Conclusion: Hypokalemia was the most common potassium abnormality seen in hospitalized patients.Disease inducedpotassium abnormalitieswas found to be more common in both hypo and hyperkalemia. The potassium levels were normalized with no major negative outcomes. Continuous monitoring of electrolyte levels is required for the patient to prevent further complications

Mycosynthesis of CuO Nanoparticles Using Aspergillus niger and Their Bioefficiency against Human Pathogens

In the present study, copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles were biosynthesized from an Aspergillus niger cell-free extract (CFE), and several optimal operating parameters that affected the formation and dimensions of the CuO nanoparticles were determined, as follows: 15 mmol/L metal salt and 90 mL of CFE at room temperature for 24 h, to achieve an average size of 77 nm. Spectroscopic studies revealed an association between alcohol, alkene, and amine functional groups and the grain-shaped CuO nanoparticles. The elemental composition of the nanoparticles was confirmed by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) data. Mycogenic CuO nanoparticles exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacterial species compared with Gram-negative bacterial species, i.e., Streptococcus pneumoniae MTCC 2672, Staphylococcus aureus MTCC 737, Micrococcus luteus MTCC 11948, Pseudomonas aeruginosa MTCC 424, and Escherichia coli MTCC 443, at 200 mg/mL, with inhibition zones of 9.2, 8.3 7.7, 7.2, and 6.1 mm, respectively. Finally, myogenic CuO nanoparticles exhibited good antifungal activity against Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus versicolor

Antimicrobial and Environmental Applications of Inorganic Nanoparticles Synthesised from Plants

Nanoscale materials are widely used in many fields including medicine, engineering, and the environment that focuses on the synthesis of nano dimensional particles is a timely topic. Nanomaterials synthesized by chemical approaches have intended effects on the environment and human health. In response to these challenges, plant-mediated synthesis of inorganic nanoparticles has been a highly innovative research area over the last decade. Aqueous and solvent extracts have been employed as efficient resources in synthesis-controlled nanostructures and the fabrication of various nanomaterials. The present article unveils the possible role of plant biomolecules including amino acids, aldehydes, terpenoids, ketones, tannins, and phenolics in the reduction and stabilization of various metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. The green synthesized nanoparticles evolved as efficient alternative agents in solving the serious threats faced in the field of biomedical, energy conversion, environment, automobiles, electronics, and optical. Moreover, catalytic, and antimicrobial applications of green nanoparticles are also critically discussed

Green Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles using Marine Sea Weed Acetabularia acetabulum and their Activity as MMT-Ag Nanocomposites towards Antifouling Applications

The present study proposed the green synthesis of silver (Ag) nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Acetabularia acetabulum followed by their fabrication onto montmorillonite (MMT). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra revealed the involvement of multiple functional groups in the reduction of silver ions to Ag nanoparticles and their stabilization on MMT. The obtained MMT-Ag nanocomposites were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analysis (PSA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-Ray (EDX) analysis. The synthesised Ag nanostructures were found to be cubic shaped with average size ranges from 37nm to 60 nm. The seaweed mediated MMT-Ag nanocomposites were evaluated for their potential antimicrobial properties against the isolated biofouling bacteria. Maximum bactericidal activity was recorded against S. aureus followed by E. coli, M. flavus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, B. cereus, M. leteus and B. subtilis. In addition, the viability of incorporating MMT-Ag nanocomposites in paint was examined where a significant inhibition of marine fouling bacteria was exhibited by the panel coated by MMT-Ag nanocomposites-based paint as compared to water-based paint. The addition of MMT-Ag nanocomposites in water-based paint was also found to be effective against corrosion from marine water. The present study shows cytotoxicity of MMT-Ag nanocomposites as nanoclay/metallic nanocomposites against A. salina with LD50 values of 200±3.4 µg/ml. The results of the present study suggested the application of A. acetabulum extract as a good bio-resource for the synthesis of Ag nanoparticles and their implementation to combat marine biofouling on ship hulls.</jats:p

To assess knowledge and awareness of basic life support among final year medical students in tertiary care teaching centre: A cross sectional study

Successfulcardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) relies upon the information and aptitudes of basic life support (BLS). Knowledge of basic life support is needed for budding medical students as they will encounter such situation on a daily basis. The study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of basic life support (BLS) among undergraduate final year students.A descriptive, cross-sectional study was led in a tertiary care medical college from July 2019 to August 2019. The study participants were final year MBBS students. 100 final year students were given questionnaire about basic life support according to the guidelines laid down by the American Heart Association Guidelines for BLS. The outcome variables knowledge and awareness were analysed in terms of frequencies and percentages. (yes/no). IBM SPSS version 22 was used for statistical analysis.Self-grading of BLS knowledge level was assessed and the results showed that 62(62%) had average knowledge and 38(38%) had poor knowledge. In Self-assessment question, the reason for lack of BLS knowledge was, 7(7%) due to busy curriculum, 7(7%) lack of interest, 65(65%) non-availability of training and 21(21%) responded as combination of all three factors. Awareness and knowledge about basic life support (BLS) is certainly required for medical care experts as they experience such circumstance consistently, and will help them a long way in saving lives. Proper training and workshops are mandatory on BLS/CPR in our undergraduate medical curriculum.</jats:p

Mediating role of personality dysfunction and perceived stress on the relationship between stressful life events and psychological well-being among young adult women in India

Abstract Background Young adult women in India often face significant stress from navigating education, careers, and societal expectations, which can impact their psychological well-being. This study investigates how stressful life events (SLEs) affect psychological well-being and examines the mediating roles of personality dysfunction and perceived stress. Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted with 190 Indian women aged 18–24. Participants completed measures of SLEs, psychological well-being, personality dysfunction, and perceived stress. Structural equation modeling was used to explore direct and indirect relationships. Results SLEs were linked to increased perceived stress and lower psychological well-being. Personality dysfunction was also associated with higher stress levels and reduced psychological well-being. Mediation analysis showed that both personality dysfunction and perceived stress significantly explained the pathway between SLEs and psychological well-being. Conclusions The findings highlight the intertwined roles of stress and personality in shaping young women’s mental health. These insights support targeted interventions to reduce the negative impact of stressful life events. Addressing personality functioning and incorporating stress management strategies at the university level may help enhance psychological well-being. Future research should consider the limitations of the current study design and sample characteristics, which may affect generalizability, and examine these relationships across more diverse populations using longitudinal designs to clarify causality

Similarity Measure of Images using SIFT and ORB Feature Matching

Abstract: In this study, similarities between images are identified and examined. A collection of images made from an image of the same scene or item taken under varied atmospheric conditions, such as different perspectives or lighting settings, and then altered in myriad ways by the very same starting image. The process of determining picture similarity is comparing visual information to evaluate how similar it is. Based on the input, it finds good matches and presents the proportion percent exceptional matches between the photos. It compares the supplied input to calculate the similarity measure. For decades, picture resemblance has been a fundamental problem in the fields of object recognition.When two photos are compared, Image Similarity generates a result that represents how physically similar they are. The measure of comparison of the two photographs is given a numerical number in this test. The similarity score between two photos ranges from 0 to 1 respectively.We have proposed a solution using SIFT &amp; ORB Feature Matching</jats:p