Training Translators and Interpreters for a Digitised and Globalised World : Wikipedia, Lingua Francas and Critical Thinking

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Translating child protection assessments for ELF users : Accommodation, accessibility, and accuracy

This paper analyzes the translation of five child protection assessments and decisions from Finnish into English. Translators of such text have to make difficult decisions in relation to the linguistic resources of the end users, namely the child’s parents or custodians, because it is impossible for the translator to assess their linguistic resources. Therefore, it is difficult to strike a balance between an accurate translation and a pragmatically felicitous translation. Besides, these texts are typically translated by community interpreters who have no formal training in translation. A total of 18 examples of translation problems related to terminology, nominalization, passive constructions, and speech representation were analyzed by mobilizing different linguistic theories related to each category. The results show that the target texts present several accommodation strategies aimed at rendering the translations more accessible. Thus, terms are explained or glossed, and terms, grammatical constructions, and complex forms of reported speech are simplified. More awareness-raising among different stakeholders is needed in order to produce translations that really empower migrant communities.Peer reviewe

Linguistic, psychological and epistemic vulnerability in asylum procedures : An interdisciplinary approach

This article analyzes three video-recorded asylum interviews, their written records and the corresponding decisions by the Finnish Immigration Service. The goal is to identify the causes and consequences of vulnerability in instances that are particularly important when assessing whether the asylum seeker has a well-grounded fear of persecution. A combination of linguistic, psychological and epistemic perspectives on vulnerability shows that these three dimensions are closely intertwined in asylum interviews. Linguistic vulnerability is linked for the most part to interpreting, whereas psychological vulnerability stems from the difficulty in recounting traumatic experiences. Both linguistic and psychological vulnerabilities are central forces that also lead to epistemic vulnerability. Epistemic vulnerability, we claim, gives rise to certain practices within the asylum procedure, which again represents the materialization of the discourses of reporting, truth and credibility.Peer reviewe

Guiding refugee women who have experienced violence : Representation of trust in counsellors’ journals

This article analyses the importance of trust in counselling for refugee and other migrant women who have experienced gender-based violence. The data consist of journal entries written by social workers, case workers, legal counsellors, and psychologists working for seven non-governmental organizations providing counselling services for women in six European Union countries. The analysis focuses on how trust is represented in the journals and how it is linked to agency and vulnerability. Trust is necessary to build a form of agency that enables refugee women to be vulnerable in the sense that they expose themselves to the actions and expectations of the persons who help them. This form of vulnerability makes it possible to recount the events that have made them vulnerable in the sense of having been subjected to harmful actions. In the journals, the presence or absence of trust is always assessed by the counsellors, and the voice of the refugee women is not clearly present.Peer reviewe

Berré, M., Costa, B., Kefer, A., Letawe, C. Reuter, H. & Vanderbauwhede, G. (dir.) (2020). La formation grammaticale du traducteur. Presses Universitaires du Septentrion. [Book review]

Bokrecension. Recenserat verk: La formation grammaticale du traducteur / Berré, M., Costa, B., Kefer, A., Letawe, C. Reuter, H. & Vanderbauwhede, G. (dir.). - Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, 2020. ISBN 978-2-7574-2951-8Non peer reviewe

Varhaiskasvatuksen lapsiryhmän psyykkinen ja sosiaalinen oppimisympäristö lapsen sosioemotionaalisten vaikeuksien tukena

Tiivistelmä. Tämä kandidaatintutkielmani käsittelee varhaiskasvatusikäisten lasten sosioemotionaalisia vaikeuksia. Perehdyn tutkielmassani myös siihen, kuinka kyseisiä vaikeuksia voidaan tukea varhaiskasvatuksen lapsiryhmän psyykkisen ja sosiaalisen oppimisympäristön erilaisten tekijöiden avulla. Tutkielmani avulla selkeytän ja tuon esiin tyypillisimpiä sosioemotionaalisten vaikeuksien ilmenemismuotoja varhaiskasvatuksen kontekstissa. Kokoan yhteen olennaisimmat tekijät lapsiryhmän psyykkisestä ja sosiaalisesta oppimisympäristöstä, joiden avulla voidaan tukea lasta sosioemotionaalisissa vaikeuksissa. Sosioemotionaaliset vaikeudet ovat olleet jo pitkään yksi kuormittavimmista haasteista varhaiskasvatuksen päivittäisessä arjessa. Haastavuutta luo vaikeuksien moniulotteisuus ja sitä kautta niiden hankala tunnistaminen. Vaikeudet sosioemotionaalisissa taidoissa näyttäytyvät haastavana ulospäin suuntautuvana käyttäytymisenä, kuten aggressiivisuutena ja levottomuutena tai sisäänpäin kääntyneenä käyttäytymisenä eli voimakkaana vetäytyvyytenä. Hallitsemattomat tunteenpurkaukset ovat myös yksi tyypillinen sosioemotionaalisten vaikeuksien ilmenemismuoto. Näitä vaikeuksia kohdatessaan, lapsi tarvitsee tukea jokapäiväiseen toimintaansa ja etenkin erilaisiin vuorovaikutuksellisiin tilanteisiin. Lapsiryhmän turvallinen ilmapiiri, erilaisuuden hyväksyminen sekä lämmin vuorovaikutus aikuisen ja lapsen välillä ovat muun muassa olennaisia asioita lapsen sosioemotionaalisten vaikeuksien tukemisessa. Tutkimusmenetelmänäni on kuvaileva, integroiva kirjallisuuskatsaus, minkä avulla olen monipuolisesti tarkastellut aihealuettani niin kotimaisia kuin kansainvälisiä lähteitä hyödyntäen. Olen hyödyntänyt mahdollisimman tuoretta aineistoa, jotta saisin tutkielmaani ajan tasalla olevaa tietoa. Kirjallisuuskatsauksen avulla olen saanut tutkielmaani objektiivisen näkökulman

Racisme

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Interpreting the discourse of reporting : The case of screening interviews with asylum seekers and police interviews in Finland

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Kieli-ideologiat ja oikeustulkkauksen laatu

While general discussion on legal interpreting in Finland has concentrated on the inconsistent quality of court interpreting, interpreters themselves are mostly worried about their inappropriate working conditions. Increasingly, community and court interpreting services are provided in a language other than the immigrant’s mother tongue, typically in the official language of the country of origin. Thus, interpreters of French and English, for instance, have clients whose level of proficiency in the language of interpreting varies from rather rudimentary to near native. This article examines the ways in which the challenges the interpreter faces in such a situation can be rationalized as resulting from language ideologies prevalent within the legal process. These ideologies include intuitive definitions of concepts such as mother tongue and legal discourse as well as the very concepts of language, communication, and linguistic variation.While general discussion on legal interpreting in Finland has concentrated on the inconsistent quality of court interpreting, interpreters themselves are mostly worried about their inappropriate working conditions. Increasingly, community and court interpreting services are provided in a language other than the immigrant’s mother tongue, typically in the official language of the country of origin. Thus, interpreters of French and English, for instance, have clients whose level of proficiency in the language of interpreting varies from rather rudimentary to near native. This article examines the ways in which the challenges the interpreter faces in such a situation can be rationalized as resulting from language ideologies prevalent within the legal process. These ideologies include intuitive definitions of concepts such as mother tongue and legal discourse as well as the very concepts of language, communication, and linguistic variation

Performativité

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