Seismic data clustering management system

This is the abstract of the paper given at the conference. Copyright @ 2011 The Authors.Over the last years, seismic images have increasingly played a vital role to the study of earthquakes. The large volume of seismic data that has been accumulated has created the need to develop sophisticated systems to manage this kind of data. Seismic interpretation can play a much more active role in the evaluation of large volumes of data by providing at an early stage vital information relating to the framework of potential producing levels. [1] This work presents a novel method to manage and analyse seismic data. The data is initially turned into clustering maps using clustering techniques [2] [3] [4] [5] [6], in order to be analysed on the platform. These clustering maps can then be analysed with the friendly-user interface of Seismic 1 which is based on .Net framework architecture [7]. This feature permits the porting of the application in any Windows – based computer as also to many other Linux based environments, using the Mono project functionality [8], so it can run an application using the No-Touch Deployment [7]. The platform supports two ways of processing seismic data. Firstly, a fast multifunctional version of the classical region-growing segmentation algorithm [9], [10] is applied to various areas of interest permitting their precise definition and labelling. Moreover, this algorithm is assigned to automatically allocate new earthquakes to a particular cluster based upon the magnitude of the centre of gravity of the existing clusters; or create a new cluster if all centers of gravity are above a predefined by the user upper threshold point. Secondly, a visual technique is used to record the behaviour of a cluster of earthquakes in a designated area. In this way, the system functions as a dynamic temporal simulator which depicts sequences of earthquakes on a map [11]

REFERENCES ON HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULICS IN THE WORK OF HERODOTUS

Στην  εργασία  αυτή  παρουσιάζονται  συνοπτικά  και  αξιολογούνται  σύντομα  οι αναφορές  σε  θέματα  υδραυλικής,  υδρολογίας  και  υδραυλικών  έργων,  που  υπάρχουν στο έργο «Ιστορίαι» του Ηροδότου. Για τη συστηματική παρουσίασή τους οι αναφορές αυτές  ταξινομούνται  κατά  γεωγραφική  περιοχή (Αίγυπτο,  Μεσοποταμία,  υπόλοιπη Ασία και Ευρώπη). Από την αξιολόγησή τους προκύπτουν χρήσιμα συμπεράσματα για την ανάπτυξη της τεχνολογίας στην αρχαιότητα, αλλά και για τις τεχνικές γνώσεις και την αξιοπιστία του συγγραφέα.In this paper references on hydrology, hydraulics and hydraulic works, contained in the work of Herodotus, are presented and briefly evaluated. We have opted to classify these references by geographical area (Egypt, Mesopotamia, rest of Asia and Europe). Their evaluation leads to useful conclusions on technological achievements of ancient civilizations and on the scientific knowledge and credibility of the author

BENCHMARK PROBLEMS FOR TESTING OPTIMIZATION METHODS APPLIED AT WATER RESOURCES MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS

Στην εργασία αυτή παρουσιάζονται δύο προβλήματα βελτιστοποίησης, που σχετίζονται με θέματα διαχείρισης υδατικών πόρων και έχουν τα ακόλουθα χαρακτηριστικά: α) Το ολικό βέλτιστο είναι γνωστό β) Η περιοχή διακύμανσης των τιμών της αντικειμενικής συνάρτησης είναι γνωστή γ) Παρουσιάζουν άπειρα τοπικά ακρότατα δ) Η εφαρμογή τους είναι εύκολη και ε) Ο υπολογιστικός όγκος για την εύρεση τιμών της αντικειμενικής συνάρτησης είναι περιορισμένος. Επιπλέον, ο βαθμός δυσκολίας του ενός από αυτά είναι μεταβλητός και μπορεί να ρυθμιστεί μέσω των δεδομένων, χωρίς να αλλάξει το ολικό βέλτιστο. Λόγω αυτών των χαρακτηριστικών, τα παρουσιαζόμενα προβλήματα είναι κατάλληλα για την αξιολόγηση μεθόδων βελτιστοποίησης, ιδιαίτερα μάλιστα κατά την εφαρμογή τους σε θέματα διαχείρισης υδατικών πόρων.In this paper, two problems are presented and investigated, which are relevant to water resources management. These problems have the following features: a) Their global optimum is known b) The range of the values of the objective function is known c) The number of local optima is infinite d) Their application is easy and e) The computational effort that is required for the calculation of objective function values is low. Moreover, the difficulty of one of them can be adjusted, through the input parameters, without changing global optimum. Due to these favourite features, the two presented problems are suitable for evaluation of the performance of optimization techniques, in particular when applied to water resources management issues

Pollen season is reflected on symptom load for grass and birch pollen-induced allergic rhinitis in different geographic areas—An EAACI Task Force Report

Background: The effectiveness of allergen immunotherapy (AIT) in seasonal allergic rhinitis (AR) depends on the definition of pollen exposure intensity or time period. We recently evaluated pollen and symptom data from Germany to examine the new definitions of the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) on pollen season and peak pollen period start and end. Now, we aim to confirm the feasibility of these definitions to properly mirror symptom loads for grass and birch pollen-induced allergic rhinitis in other European geographical areas such as Austria, Finland and France, and therefore their suitability for AIT and clinical practice support. Methods: Data from twenty-three pollen monitoring stations from three countries in Europe and for 3 years (2014-2016) were used to investigate the correlation between birch and grass pollen concentrations during the birch and grass pollen season defined via the EAACI criteria, and total nasal symptom and medication scores as reported with the aid of the patient's hay-fever diary (PHD). In addition, we conducted a statistical analysis, together with a graphical investigation, to reveal correlations and dependencies between the studied parameters. Results: The analysis demonstrated that the definitions of pollen season as well as peak pollen period start and end as proposed by the EAACI are correlated to pollen-induced symptom loads reported by PHD users during birch and grass pollen season. A statistically significant correlation (slightly higher for birch) has been found between the Total Nasal Symptom and Medication Score (TNSMS) and the pollen concentration levels. Moreover, the maximum symptom levels occurred mostly within the peak pollen periods (PPP) following the EAACI criteria. Conclusions: Based on our analyses, we confirm the validity of the EAACI definitions on pollen season for both birch and grass and for a variety of geographical locations for the four European countrie

PUMPING COST MINIMIZATION IN AN AQUIFER WITH TWO ZONES OF DIFFERENT TRANSMISSIVITIES

Στην εργασία αυτή διερευνάται η ελαχιστοποίηση του κόστους άντλησης υπόγειου νερού από άπειρο υδροφορέα, ο οποίος αποτελείται από δυο ζώνες διαφορετικής μεταφορικότητας. Η ροή θεωρείται μόνιμη και υπό πίεση, ενώ η άντληση γίνεται από σύστημα 2 πηγαδιών. Αποδεικνύεται ότι, αν η ροή οφείλεται μόνο στη λειτουργία των πηγαδιών αυτών, το κόστος άντλησης γίνεται ελάχιστο όταν οι στάθμες του υδραυλικού φορτίου στις παρειές τους είναι ίσες. Κατόπιν διερευνάται η περίπτωση κατά την οποία υπάρχει στον υδροφορέα πρόσθετη ροή, ανεξάρτητη από τη λειτουργία των πηγαδιών.In this paper minimization of the cost of pumping groundwater from an infinite confined aquifer with two zones of different transmissivities has been investigated. A system of 2 wells, pumping under steady flow conditions, has been considered. It has been proved that if groundwater flow is due to that system of wells only, pumping cost is minimized, when hydraulic heads at the two wells are equal to each other. The case of an additional flow, superposed to the one due to the system of wells, has been also investigated

Evaluation of Various Resolution DEMs in Flood Risk Assessment and Practical Rules for Flood Mapping in Data-Scarce Geospatial Areas: A Case Study in Thessaly, Greece

Floods are lethal and destructive natural hazards. The Mediterranean, including Greece, has recently experienced many flood events (e.g., Medicanes Zorbas and Ianos), while climate change results in more frequent and intense flood events. Accurate flood mapping in river areas is crucial for flood risk assessment, planning mitigation measures, protecting existing infrastructure, and sustainable planning. The accuracy of results is affected by all simplifying assumptions concerning the conceptual and numerical model implemented and the quality of geospatial data used (Digital Terrain Models—DTMs). The current research investigates flood modelling sensitivity against geospatial data accuracy using the following DTM resolutions in a mountainous river sub-basin of Thessaly’s Water District (Greece): (a) open 5 m and (b) 2 m data from Hellenic Cadastre (HC) and (c) 0.05 m data from an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) topographical mission. RAS-Mapper and HEC-RAS are used for 1D (steady state) hydraulic simulation regarding a 1000-year return period. Results include flood maps and cross section-specific flow characteristics. They are analysed in a graphical flood map-based empirical fashion, whereas a statistical analysis based on the correlation matrix and a more sophisticated Machine Learning analysis based on the interpretation of nonlinear relationships between input–output variables support and particularise the conclusions in a quantifiable manner. © 2023 by the authors