İnfluenza Enfeksiyonu Saptanan Çocukların Değerlendirilmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, çocuk acil polikliniğimize solunum yolu şikayetleriyle başvuran hastalarda influenza virüs sıklığının araştırılması, ayrıca influenza-pozitif ve -negatif bulunançocukların fizik muayene ve laboratuvar bulgularının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya 26 Ocak 2017—28 Şubat 2017 döneminde solunum yoluşikayetleriyle başvuran 114 çocuk dahil edildi. Alınan nazofarenks örneklerinde mevsimselİnfluenza A (H1N1), İnfluenza B ve pandemik İnfluenza A (H1N1) varlığı real-time polimerazzincir reaksiyonu yöntemiyle araştırıldı. İnfluenza-pozitif ve -negatif çocukların fizik muayene bulgularının ve hemogram, formül lökosit ve CRP değerlerinin istatistiksel karşılaştırmasıMann–Whitney U testi ve korelasyon analizi ile gerçekleştirildi.Bulgular: Çocukların 59’unda (%51,7) mevsimsel İnfluenza A (H1N1) saptanırken hiçbirindeİnfluenza B veya pandemik İnfluenza A (H1N1) tespit edilmedi. Solunum yolu şikayetleri olançocuklarda yüksek ateşin influenza enfeksiyonunun önemli bir bulgusu olduğu görüldü.İnfluenza-pozitif çocuklarda genel olarak monosit ve nötrofil oranları daha yüksek, lenfositoranı daha düşük bulundu. İnfluenza-pozitif çocuklardan ateşi yüksek olanlar incelendiğindeise nötrofil oranının düşük ve lenfosit oranının yüksek olduğu görüldü.Tartışma ve Sonuç: Ateş ve solunum yolu şikayetleriyle başvuran hasta sayısının arttığıdönemlerde influenza enfeksiyonu olası bir neden olarak göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır.Nazofarenks örneklerinde influenza virüsü tespiti gereksiz antibiyotik kullanımını önleyecektir.Aim: This study aimed to investigate the influenza virus positivity rate among patients who presented to our pediatric emergency department with respiratory complaints and to compare the physical examination and laboratory findings of the children who were found to be influenza-positive and -negative. Materials and Methods: A total of 114 children who presented with respiratory complaints between 26 January 2017 and 28 February 2017 were included. The nasopharynx samples obtained were examined for seasonal Influenza A (H1N1), Influenza B, and pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) presence by the real-time polymerase chain reaction method. Statistical analysis of the physical examination findings and hemogram, formula leukocyte, and CRP values of the influenza-positive and -negative children was performed by correlation analysis and the Mann–Whitney U test. Results: Of the children, 59 (51.7%) were found positive for seasonal Influenza A (H1N1) while none was positive for Influenza B or pandemic Influenza A (H1N1). High fever was seen to be an important finding of influenza infection in children with respiratory complaints. Generally, the influenza-positive children had higher monocyte and neutrophil ratios and lower lymphocyte rates. However, those with high fever in the influenza-positive group were found to have a low neutrophil ratio and high lymphocyte rate. Discussion and Conclusion: Influenza infection should be considered as a possible cause during periods when the number of patients presenting with high fever and respiratory complaints is relatively high. Detection of influenza virus in the nasopharynx samples will prevent unnecessary antibiotic use

Discrepancies between clinical and pathological findings seen at renal biopsy in rheumatological diseases

Objective. Renal biopsy contributes to the diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment of many rheumatic conditions. This study assessed the diagnostic role and safety of renal biopsies in a tertiary rheumatology clinic. Methods. Renal biopsies performed between June 2020 and December 2022 were screened, and demographic, clinical, histopathological, and safety data were collected from patient records. Results. In this study, 33 males and 38 females were included. Except for 1 patient who received acetylsalicylic acid, antiaggregant, and/or anticoagulant drugs were stopped before the biopsy. Complications included a decrease of hemoglobin in 8 patients (11.3%) and microscopic hematuria in 40 patients (56.3%). Control ultra-sonography was performed in 16 patients (22.5%), and a self-limiting hematoma was found in 4 of them (5.6%) without additional complications. While less than 10 glomeruli were obtained in 9 patients (9.9%), diagnosis success was 94.4%. Histopathological data were consistent with one of the pre-biopsy diagnoses in 54 of 67 cases (80.6%) but showed discrepancies in 19.4% (n=13) of patients. A repeat biopsy was performed in 7 patients for re-staging or insufficient biopsy. Conclusions. Renal biopsy significantly contributes to rheumatology practice, especially in patients with complex clinical and laboratory findings or in whom different treatments can be given according to the presence, severity, and type of renal involvement. Although the possibility of obtaining insufficient tissue and the need for re-staging and repeat biopsy in the follow-up might be expected, complication risk does not seem to be a big concern. Renal biopsy often evidenced discrepancies between pre-biopsy diagnosis and histopathological findings

A comparison of clinical characteristics and course predictors in early- and childhood-onset schizophrenia

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics of childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS) and early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) during the first- episode psychosis and the stable period, to examine psychopharmacological treatment approaches, and to investigate potential predictive factors for prognosis. Methods: Demographic, clinical, and psychopharmacological therapy data for 31 patients diagnosed with COS and 66 with EOS were retrieved from the file records in this multicenter study. Symptom distribution and disease severity and course were evaluated twice, in the acute psychotic stage and in the latest stable phase, during follow-up using the positive and negative syndrome scale (PANSS) and clinical global impression (CGI) scales. Results: A statistically significant difference was observed between the groups' CGI improvement rates and median last stable stage PANSS positive, negative, and general psychopathology symptom scores (p =.005, p =.031, p =.005, and p =.012, respectively). Premorbid neurodevelopmental disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder and comorbidities were more common in the COS group (p =.025 and p =.030, respectively), and treatment required greater multiple antipsychotic use in that group (p =.013). When the independent variables affecting the difference between pre- and post-treatment PANSS scores were examined using linear regression analysis, the model established was found to be statistically significant (F = 5.393; p =.001), and the group variable (p =.024), initial disease severity (p =.001), and socioeconomic level (p =.022; p =.007) emerged as predictive factors for the disease course. Conclusion: Although early diagnosis and treatment is an important factor in improving prognosis in schizophrenia, more specific predictors for schizophrenia need to be identified. Additionally, preventive programs and pharmacological methods need to be developed in children with neurodevelopmental problems, particularly those from low socioeconomic status families. © 2024 John Wiley ; Sons Australia, Ltd

Labor market institutions and industrial performance: an evolutionary study

Labor market regulation, Flexibility, Industrial structure, Productivity, J8, J24, J31, O43, O47,