The Assessment of Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Patients Receiving Orthodontic Treatment

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the difficulties experienced by patients receiving orthodontic treatment during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate the problems experienced by orthodontic patients, along with their attitudes toward these problems.Methods:A cross-sectional survey study including a total of 502 patients (291 female; 211 male) receiving orthodontic treatment at a public or private clinic was conducted via a web-based questionnaire.Results: Of all participants, 70.1% (352) were between the ages of 12 and 18 and 77.1% (387) were treated in a public clinic. According to the results, 97.3% (372) of the patients in the public clinic and 71.1% (79) of the patients in the private clinics had not been able to continue their treatment for 2 months or longer. Most of the participants were concerned about extended treatment duration (349, 69.5%) during this period. While the most common problems in patients with fixed appliances were soft tissue irritation (230, 52.5%), bracket failure (142, 32.4%), gingival swelling (88, 20.1%), and pain (88, 20.1%); there were issues of new spaces between teeth (41, 64.1%), pain (37, 57.8%), and gingival swelling (29, 45.3%) among patients with removable appliances.Conclusion: Most patient appointments were delayed during the COVID-19 pandemic. Patients experienced various problems with their treatment, and as a result, concerns about extended treatment duration increased. Therefore, orthodontists should pay more attention to teleorthodontics during the pandemic process

Bazı geçiş metal karbonil komplekslerinin fotokimyasal sübstitüsyon reaksiyonları

Geçiş metal karbonil kompleksleri özellikle de VIB grubu metal karbonilleri organometalik kimyanın en eski sınıfındandır. Bunlar organometalik bileşiklerin en çok çalışılanları arasındadır. Metal karbonilleri, hidrojenleme, hidroformilleme ve karbonilleme gibi homojen kataliz tepkimelerinde reaktif türler olarak kullanılmaktadır. Karbonmonoksit tepkimenin meydana gelmesini sağlayan gerekli reaktivite ve kararlılıktaki kompleks oluşumunda basit bir ligand olarak hizmet eder. Schiff bazı ve kompleksleri tersinir olarak oksijene bağlanabilme olefinlerin hidrojenlenmesinde katalitik aktivite gösterme ve bazı zehir etkisi olan metallerle kompleksleşebilme gibi önemli ve ilginç özellikleri nedeniyle geniş ölçüde çalışılmaktadır. Biz VIB metal karbonil kompleksleri ile Salen tipi [O, N, N, O] Schiff bazlarının THF içindeki fotokimyasal tepkimelerini inceledik. 1- 6 kompleksleri sentezlendi ve elemental analiz, FTIR, 1H-NMR ve kütle spektrumları ile yapıları aydınlatıldı. Spektroskopik çalışmalar ilk ligandın 1- 3 komplekslerinde merkez metale azometin azotu ve fenolik oksijen atomları vasıtasıyla dört dişli olarak koordine olduğunu, buna karşın ikinci ligandın 4- 6 komplekslerinde aromatik metoksi ve fenolik oksijen atomları ile merkez metale dört dişli bağlandığını göstermektedir. Transition metal carbonyl complexes especially VIB metal carbonyls are the oldest classes of organometallic chemistry. These are among the most well studied organometallic compounds. Metal carbonyls have been proved as reactive species in homogeneous catalytic reactions such as hydrogenation, hydroformylation and carbonylation. Carbon monoxide serves simply as a ligand providing the complex with the necessary reactivity and/or stability to allow reaction to ensue. A large number of Schiff bases and their complexes have been studied for their interesting and important properties, such as their ability to reversibly bind oxygen, catalytic activity in the hydrogenation of olefins and complexing ability towards some toxic metals. We have investigated photochemical reactions of VIB metal carbonyl complexes with salen type [O, N, N, O] Schiff bases in THF. The new 1-6 complexes have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, FTIR, 1H-NMR and mass spectra. The spectroscopic studies show that first ligand is coordinated to the central metal as a tetradentate ligand coordinating via the central azomethine nitrogens (C=N) and phenolic oxygen atoms to the central metal in 1-3, whereas second ligand is coordinated to the central metal as a tetradentate ligand coordinating via aromatic methoxy and phenolic oxygen atoms to the central metal in 4-6

Syntheses and characterizations of copper(II)-supramolecular coordination compounds with 2,2-dimethylglutarate and diamine derivatives

Three Copper(II) supramolecular coordination compounds (SCCs) named as {[Cu-2(mu-dmglu)2(mu-H2O)(dmen)(2)]center dot H2O}n (1), [Cu-2(mu-dmglu)(2)(deten)(2)]center dot 2H(2)O (2) and [Cu(mu-dmglu)(dmpen)](2) (3), have been synthesized using 2,2-dimethylglutaric acid (H(2)dmglu) and three different bidentate diamine ligands (dmen= N,N-dimethylethylenediamine, deten= N,N-diethylethylenediamine and dmpen= N,N'-dimethyl-1,3-propanediamine). The structures of SCCs were determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, FT-IR spectra, elemental, thermal analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). According to X-ray analysis, 1-3 crystallizes in the triclinic space group P-1. Although 2 and 3 have dinuclear structures, 1 displays 1D linear chain. In complex 1, adjacent 1D chains are extended to 3D supramolecular structure by hydrogen bonds. In complexes, 2 and 3, dinuclear units are broadened to 2D and 3D supramolecular structures with hydrogen bonding interactions. Moreover, the optical band gap energy of 1-3 have been measured with solid-state compounds. The results exhibited that the band gap energy varied from 3.45 eV to 3.39 eV. These compounds could be used like a semiconductor material. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Novel Coordination Compounds Based on 2-Methylimidazole and 2,2’-dimethylglutarate Containing Ligands: Synthesis and Characterization

Two novel copper and cadmium complexes with 2-methylimidazole (2-meim) and 2,2¢-dimethylglutarate (dmg2-) as ligands, [Cu2(m-dmg)2(2-meim)4]∙5H2O (1) and {[Cd(m-dmg)(2-meim)2]∙H2O}n (2), have been systematically synthesized and characterized. The result in organic-inorganic crystalline solid. Their solid-state structures have been solved with elemental analysis, IR spectroscopy, and the single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The Cu(II) ions distorted square planar geometry (CuO2N2) while Cd(II) ions showed a distorted octahedral geometry (CdO4N2). Complex 1 is dimeric structure, in which Cu(II) ions were bridged by dmg ligand. These dimeric units are extended to the 3D supramolecular structure with hydrogen bonding, C–H∙∙∙p, C–O∙∙∙p and p∙∙∙p interactions. The complex 2 is 1D polymeric structure, where Cd(II) ions are connected by bis(bidentate) dmg ligands to form 1D zig-zag polymeric chains which are further extended in 3D supramolecular structure through hydrogen bonding, C–H∙∙∙p and C–O∙∙∙p interactions. The thermal properties of the complexes were investigated

ALTERED APOPTOTIC PROTEIN EXPRESSIONS CHARACTERIZE THE SURVIVAL OF BCR-ABL-INDEPENDENT DRUG-RESISTANT CHRONIC MYELOID LEUKEMIA CELL LINE

Apoptosis is a programmed cellular process that occurs in pathological and physiological pathways and it is one of the most studied topics in cell biology. To understand the underlying mechanism of apoptosis plays an important role in the molecular pathogenesis of many diseases including cancers. Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a clonal myeloproliferative malignancy arising from the neoplastic transformation of the hematopoietic stem cell. Here, we used a Bcr-Abl-independent, imatinib-resistant K562 subpopulation (K562-IR) generated and characterized earlier in our laboratory. We showed that the proteins Bcl-2, Bim, RIP, p-MAPK(Erk1/Erk2) and NF-kappa B which plays critical roles in cell death pathways are downregulated, Lamin A/C protein expression is upregulated in K562-IR derivative cells compared to K562 ancestral cells. Our data provides new information on the expression of apoptotic molecules in a Bcr-Abl-independent imatinib-resistant CML cell line

Hydrothermal synthesis and characterization of cobalt(II), nickel(II) and zinc(II) coordination polymers with 2,2 '-dimethylglutarate and 1,2-bis (4-pyridyl)ethane

The mixed-ligand coordination polymers containing 2,2'-dimethylglutarate (dmg) and 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl) ethane (dpetan) ligands, [Co(mu(3)-dmg)(mu-dpetan)](n) (1), [Ni-2(mu-dmg)(2) (H2O)(2) (mu-dpetan)(2)](7), (2) and [Zn(mu-dmg)(H2O)(mu-dpetan)(0.5)](n) (3), were synthesized through a hydrothermal method and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Complexes 1 and 2 are a two-dimensional (2D) structures, in which Co (II) or Ni(II) ions were bridged by dmg and dpetan ligands. Complex 3 exhibits a one-dimensional (1D) ladder-like structure, which is further extended in 2D through hydrogen bonding interactions. dmg ligand exhibits three different coordination modes in 1-3 and the coordination mode in the complex 2 has been unprecedented up to now. The thermal properties of the complexes were investigated. Moreover, photoluminescence property of complex 3 was recorded in the solid state at the room temperature. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved