Auswirkungen der Fit-for-55-Instrumente auf die Preise in der Luftfahrt

Die Europäische Union strebt mit den Maßnahmen des Fit-for-55-Pakets eine Verringerung der CO2-Emissionen bis 2030 um 55 % an, verglichen mit dem Stand von 1990. Diese Reduktion soll durch verschiedene Maßnahmen erreicht werden, die auch die kommerzielle Luftfahrt betreffen. Dies sind unter anderem eine Verschärfung des Emissionshandels, bei der insbesondere die frei zugeteilten Zertifikate zügig abgebaut werden sollen, eine verpflichtende Beimischungsquote für nachhaltige Flugtreibstoffe an europäischen Flughäfen sowie eine europaweite Mindesthöhe für Steuern auf Treibstoffe. Dadurch verteuern sich die Flüge in verschiedenen Gebieten unterschiedlich

Using Genetic Algorithms to Solve Large-scale Airline Network Planning Problems

AbstractThe airline planning process, including network planning and fleet assignments, is a complex and highly integrated strategic process involving multiple interrelated sub-problems that must be solved simultaneously. For example, analysing the e_ect of new technologies or changes in passenger demand or airline structures from an operational perspective requires the analysis and application of complex, structured airline planning resulting in extensive and complicated optimization problems. In this paper, we present an assessable formulation and approach to integrate network planning and scheduling as well as minor e_ects of aircraft rotation and passenger demand, which are solved by applying genetic algorithms. The objective function comprising direct operating costs, including costs of ownership and revenue, is based on heuristics that enhance the understanding of the airline's final profit composition

Future Passenger Air Traffic Modelling: A theoretical Concept to integrate Quality of Travel, Cost of Travel and Capacity Constraints

In order to model possible future evolutions of the global air transportation system (ATS), not only the assumptions on external socio-economic conditions are relevant to estimate the future realized air passenger demand on city pair level. The internal scenario concerning the air transportation system (ATS), i.e. how the ATS is changing over time with the introduction of new technologies or new operational concepts has a non-neglectable feedback on realized demand. Also, the effect of infrastructural changes concerning airport and airspace capacities have to be considered. That means, the forecast of realized demand and thus realized air traffic depends equally on the supply offered by the air transportation system. There are three essential kinds of feedback on realized air passenger demand and air traffic, the supply provided by the ATS may have. We present a theoretical concept to integrate these three kinds of feedback (1) quality of travel, (2) cost of travel, and (3) constraints of the supply side of the air transportation system on modelling global future scheduled air traffic. The 4-layers approach of modelling future evolutions of the ATS is a basic prerequisite to model these feedbacks, especially the consistent derivation of an aircraft movements network with information on aircraft generations

ROFL DLR Schlussbericht Entwicklung eines effizienten Verfahrens zur Erstellung eines robusten Flugplans

Das Projekt ROFL (Entwicklung eines effizienten Verfahrens zur Erstellung eines robusten Flugplans) ist ein im Rahmen des Luftfahrtforschungsprogramms LuFo V-2 gefördertes Projekt, das gemeinsam vom DLR Lufttransportsysteme und Lufthansa Systems durchgeführt wurde. Im Rahmen des Projektes wurde die Robustheit im Flugplanungsprozess und im Flugplan analysiert und verbessert, um einerseits einen stabilen Flugplanungsprozess mit wenig Änderungen und andererseits einen robusten Flugplan mit wenig Verspätungen zu erreichen. Neben dem Aufzeichnen der wichtigsten Prozesse und Methoden, wurden Verfahren entwickelt und implementiert, die die Robustheit nachweislich verbessern

Analyzing global passenger flows based on choice modeling in the air transportation system

Airline passenger decisions determine operation of airlines and aircraft. Therefore, global air transport models need to consider these decisions. Thereby, we develop a discrete choice model for passenger decisions describing global passenger flows based on different parameters. The model distinguishes between passenger itineraries defined by attributes like ticket price, travel time and number of transfers. Additional attributes are added gradually. It is calibrated using schedule and passenger demand data. Hence, based on topological structures of the air transport system, global passenger flows and elasticities can be identified. Additionally, we provide quantified results describing the elasticity of several types of attributes, the values of travel time, the quality of travel and compare them for different regions, itineraries and travel types

Analyzing global passenger flows based on choice modeling in the air transportation system

Airline passenger decisions determine operation of airlines and aircraft. Therefore, global air transport models need to consider these decisions. Thereby, we develop a discrete choice model for passenger decisions describing global passenger flows based on different parameters. The model distinguishes between passenger itineraries defined by attributes like ticket price, travel time and number of transfers. Additional attributes are added gradually. It is estimated using schedule and passenger demand data. Hence, based on topological structures of the air transport system, global passenger flows and elasticities can be identified. Additionally, we provide quantified results describing the elasticity of several types of attributes, the values of travel time, the quality of travel and compare them for different regions, itineraries and travel types