Book Review

To write a book with such a special subject as City Logistics is not an easy venture. But Taniguchi, Thompson, Yamada and van Duin succeeded to submit a scientifically sound report of this subject, where the main stress is centred on the modelling of city logistics. The book shows clearly, that freight transport and especially urban freight transport, which up to now is generally dealt by the road transport system, leads more and more to traffic problems in cities

Elastic Wave Fields Generated by Shear Horizontal Piezoelectric Fiber Patch (SH-PFP) Transducers: Parameter Study by Modelling and Laser Vibrometric Measurements

Recently, a novel lightweight and thin piezoelectric transducer was proposed [1-3]. It generates in-plane surface tractions and thus shear horizontal elastic waves in both bulk materials and waveguides. The paper describes the principle of operation of this Shear Horizontal Piezoelectric Fiber Patch (SH-PFP). In continuation of the previous work, several variants of the SH-PFP are studied. The generated wavefield is characterized bywavefield snapshots and directivity functions. Both numerical simulation and measurements by 3D Laser Vibrometry are performed and the results are compared, showing a good agreement. We discuss possible further developments of the SH-PFP transducer to allow 1D directivity and we also discuss various possible sensor applications

Prophylaxis of Neutropenia with Lipegfilgrastim in Breast Cancer Patients with Dose-Dense Chemotherapy: Results of a Noninterventional Study on Therapeutic Routine in Germany (NADENS)

Introduction: Noninterventional study (NIS) on application and effectiveness of primary G-CSF prophylaxis with lipegfilgrastim in primary breast cancer patients undergoing dose-dense (dd) or intense-dose-dense (idd) chemotherapy (CTx) regimen in daily clinical practice. Methods: Prospective, multicenter, single-arm, NIS in 41 private practices and 27 hospitals in Germany. Results: Data analysis of 282 patients with a mean age of 49 years (93.6% of patients taxane CTx." Patients received lipegfilgrastim prophylaxis in 97.5% of 1,121 documented dd/idd cycles. Overall, the study registered 275 events of SN (CTCAE grade 3 or 4) and 9 events of FN. During the first dd cycle, SN occurred in 33.3% and FN in 1.1% of patients. CTx delay or dose reduction due to neutropenia was required in 2.5% of patients during the 4 dd cycles with lipegfilgrastim support. Overall, 314 adverse events (AEs) were reported from 107 patients and 27 serious AEs from 21 patients. None of the SAEs was "fatal," and CTCAE grade was mostly (89.6%) assessed as "1" or "2." According to the treating physicians, 99.3% of all patients benefitted from lipegfilgrastim prophylaxis, and tolerability was mostly rated "very good" or "good." Conclusion: These results suggest that primary lipegfilgrastim prophylaxis is effective and safe in clinical routine and is beneficial in primary breast cancer patients undergoing dd/idd-ETC CTx

CaCl2 as a Mineralizing Agent in Low-Temperature Recycling of Autoclaved Aerated Concrete: Cl-Immobilization by Formation of Chlorellestadite

The suitability of CaCl2 as a mineralizing agent in the synthesis of a low-temperature C2S-cement clinker from wastes of autoclaved aerated concrete was investigated. As chlorellestadite is a potential host mineral for the immobilization of chlorine, the formation conditions for the highest joint content of chlorellestadite and C2S were studied in samples with different sulfate contents. Oven experiments were conducted at temperatures between 700 and 1200 °C. The samples were analyzed by X-ray diffraction in combination with chemical and thermal analysis and Raman spectroscopy. Calculation of the yield of C2S and ellestadite for all samples proves the optimum temperature range for the C2S-ellestadite clinker from 950 to 1000 °C. At lower temperatures, the formation of a carbonate-rich halogenide melt promotes the crystallization of a significant amount of spurrite at the expense of C2S. Ellestadite formation mainly depends on the sulfate content and to a lesser extent on the synthesis temperature. However, at higher temperatures, with ternesite another sulfate coexists in sulfate-rich samples at the expense of ellestadite. In addition, distinct evidence for non-stoichiometry and carbonate substitution in the structure of low-temperature ellestadite was found. Low sulfate content leads to the crystallization of Ca10[Si2O7]3Cl2 at higher temperatures. In all samples treated at temperatures above 1000 °C chlorine loss starts. Its extent decreases with increasing sulfate content

Interdisziplinäre Prototypenentwicklung am Beispiel eines Seilroboters

Aus der Einleitung: "An zukünftige intralogistische Systeme werden hohe Anforderungen in Bezug auf Dynamik und Flexibilität gestellt. In Verbindung mit dem übergeordneten Ziel ressourceneffiziente und klimaschonende Prozesse zu entwickeln sind innovative Lösungsansätze gefordert. Die Entwicklung eines schnellen Regalbediengerätes auf Basis der Steward-Gough-Plattform soll u. a. durch die Minimierung der zu bewegenden Massen diesen Anforderungen gerecht werden. Hiervon profitieren vor allem Flexibilität und Prozesszeiten. Das Vorhaben ist eingegliedert in ein Förderprogramm unter der Leitung des EffizienzCluster Logistik Ruhr (ECLR), welches sich u. a. mit der Bedeutung und den Potentialen der Logistik im urbanen Umfeld beschäftigt.

Berichte aus dem Öko-Pflanzenbau - Berichte aus dem ökologischen Pflanzenbau

Berichte: Nährstoffgehalte der Fruchtarten im Ökologischen Landbau --- Wirkungsgrad organischer Düngemittel auf Ertrag und Qualität von Kartoffeln im Ökologischen Landbau --- Bekämpfung der Kraut- und Knollenfäule im Ökokartoffelanbau --- Anforderungen an die Humusbilanzierung in der Praxis des Ökologischen Landbaus --- Zur Intensität des Striegeleinsatzes gemessen an der Bodenbewegung unter Laborbedingungen und an einem Feldbestand von Wintergerst

New mitigation methods for transient overvoltages in gas insulated substations

During switching of disconnectors (DS) in GIS a varying number of pre-strikes and re-strikes occur. Due to the very short duration of the voltage collapse, traveling surges are generated in the busbar duct. These very fast transient overvoltages (VFTO) can become the limiting dielectric stress which defines the dimensions at UHV voltage levels. The decision shall be based on the maximum VFTO peak value that occurs with reference to the rated lightning impulse withstand voltage (LIWV) of the equipment. If the maximum VFTO is higher than the LIWV, it is necessary to consider the VFTO level as dimensioning criteria or to suppress VFTO by suitable measures. The main challenges are the reduction in VFTO amplitudes and finally the reduction of the effects of VFTO on the equipment. For the different sources of VFTO and for the different equipment different mitigation methods are known. The damping of VFTO by integration of a damping resistor is a well proven technology. The way to overcome the drawback of such unwieldy designs is to use other internal damping measures. Several methods have been proposed and examined in the past, such as ferrite material or high frequency (RF) resonators. The VFTO damping solution utilizing ferrite rings has been analysed and tested and will be described here. The measurements show that a damping effect can be achieved, but with an important drawback: the magnetic material goes easily into saturation, which complicates the design and reduces its general applicability and robustness. A new approach for damping is to implement compact electromagnetic high-frequency resonators with low quality factor specially designed to cover a wider frequency range. The novelty of this idea is not only to design the resonators but also to dissipate the VFTO energy. The VFTO damping effect of the developed RF resonator tuned to the dominant harmonic component was confirmed by experiments. Rings of a nanocrystalline alloy placed around the GIS conductor were also investigated. Depending on number, material and size of the rings a good mitigation could be achieved

An Enigmatic Pointlike Feature within the HD 169142 Transitional Disk

We report the detection of a faint pointlike feature possibly related to ongoing planet-formation in the disk of the transition disk star HD 169142. The pointlike feature has a $\Delta$mag(L)$\sim$6.4, at a separation of $\sim$0.11" and PA$\sim$0$^{\circ}$. Given its lack of an H or K$_{S}$ counterpart despite its relative brightness, this candidate cannot be explained by purely photospheric emission and must be a disk feature heated by an as yet unknown source. Its extremely red colors make it highly unlikely to be a background object, but future multi-wavelength followup is necessary for confirmation and characterization of this feature.Comment: Accepted to ApJ Letters, see also Reggiani et al. 201

Zurich Consensus: Statement of German Experts on St. Gallen Conference 2011 on Primary Breast Cancer (Zurich 2011)

Every 2 years, the International Consensus Conference on the Treatment of Primary Breast Cancer takes place in St. Gallen. Given that the concept of the St. Gallen Consensus Conference mainly reflects an international opinion, it appears useful to adapt the results of the vote for everyday therapy in Germany. A German working group comprising 28 breast cancer experts, amongst whom there are 3 members of the international St. Gallen panel, has therefore commented on this year's St. Gallen Consensus Conference (2011) from the German viewpoint. The focus of interest of this year's St. Gallen Conference was tumour biology as the starting point for decisions regarding individual therapy. There was an intensive discussion in relation to the clinical relevance of predictive and prognostic factors and possible consequences for decisions regarding therapy. Therefore, questions concerning the indication for adjuvant chemotherapy focused especially on the significance of the molecular phenotype of the tumour. In addition, important points for discussion were also the value of complete axillary dissection and the use of accelerated complete breast irradiation