Nutrologia: Análise e Avaliação da Composição e Cinética de Nutrientes em Diversos Compartimentos e Tecidos do Organismo Humano

Nutrology is recognized medical specialty in Brazil by the Brazilian Medical Association and the Brazilian Health Authorities, which studies the nutrients functions / food on health, illness and disease prevention. The Nutrology clinical studies in medical practice also the important role of nutrients in clinical diagnosis, functional, biochemical and pharmacological treatment, food (dietary) of patients and prevention of nutritional diseases. Obesity, atherosclerosis, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, hypertension, certain cancers, dyslipidemia, deficiencies of minerals and vitamins are some examples of diseases involving disorders in primary or secondary intake or metabolism of nutrients. During the course of these diseases occur characteristic nutritional disorders, specifically related to the intake and metabolism of nutrients. They can affect several or specific parts of our body and must necessarily involve a medical evaluation for clinical diagnosis and treatment the physician nutrition specialist, who is a specialist in the study of nutrients in health and disease. It is not possible in the clinic, in medicine, nutrology to treat diseases without clinical, biochemical and functional. The nutrologic analysis complete and specialized medical history beyond clinical nutrition, including specific data on family diet, the patient’s current and past since birth, relevant medical examination with emphasis on function and pathophysiology of nutrients in the transition from health to disease. It requires a series of functional tests, bioquímicos, nutrogenéticos / nutrogenômicos, histological and physiological effects of nutrients in different compartments of the human body. This analysis should always be seeks to integrate the processes of ingestion, absorption and metabolism of macro and micro-nutrients, as well as the utilization, storage and elimination of various products and nutritional metabolism in each patient. Also it is essential to establish the structural and functional properties of nutrients with emphasis on their relationship with the basic functions of the organs and tissues of the body. This type of integrated knowledge facilitates investigations then more specific and accurate physiological repercussions accompanying disorders of nutrients and modify biological processes essential to life. The end result of this nutritional clinical research allows an upgrade and development of more effective prevention and treatment of nutritional diseases, individual and community, which are directly or indirectly linked to disturbances of the processes of organic nutrients

Randomised Controlled Trial of Fish Oil Supplementation on Responsiveness to Resistance Exercise Training in Sarcopenic Older Women

This study aims to investigate the effects of fish oil supplementation on the muscle adaptive response to resistance exercise training, physical performance and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines in sarcopenic older women. A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial is performed with thirty-four sarcopenic women (2010 European Consensus of Sarcopenia), aged ≥ 65 years. The participants are allocated into the following two groups: Exercise and Fish Oil (EFO) and Exercise and Placebo (EP). Both groups undertook a resistance exercise programme over 14 weeks. All participants are instructed to ingest 4 g/day of food supplements; the EP group received sunflower oil capsules, and the EFO group, fish oil capsules. The cross-sectional area (CSA) of the quadriceps muscle is calculated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The strength of the lower limbs is measured using isokinetic dynamometry. Both groups show improvements in CSA and strength after the intervention. Changes in EFO are significantly greater compared with EP for muscle strength (peak torque, 19.46 Nm and 5.74 Nm, respectively, p p = 0.23). There are no significant intra-group, inter-group or time differences in any of the cytokines measured. The use of fish oil supplementation potentiates the neuromuscular response to the anabolic stimulus from training, increasing muscle strength and physical performance in sarcopenic older women