GAP -- a tool for transforming from VDM specification into object-oriented design

Sundog Multiples was a printmaking venture created by Art & Design Professor Kim Fink, in conjunction with UND Art Collections, and generously funded by the Myers Foundations.https://commons.und.edu/uac-all/3721/thumbnail.jp

CoAIcoder: Examining the Effectiveness of AI-assisted Collaborative Qualitative Analysis

While the domain of individual-level AI-assisted analysis has been extensively explored in previous studies, the field of AI-assisted collaborative qualitative analysis remains relatively unexplored. After identifying CQA practices and design opportunities through formative interviews, we introduce our collaborative qualitative coding tool, CoAIcoder, and designed the four different collaboration methods. We subsequently implemented a between-subject design involving 32 pairs of users who have undergone training in CQA across three commonly utilized phases under four methods. Our results suggest that CoAIcoder, which employs AI and a Shared Model, could potentially improve the efficiency of the coding process in CQA by fostering a quicker shared understanding and promoting early-stage discussions. However, this may come with the potential downside of reduced code diversity. We also underscored the existence of a trade-off between the level of independence and the coding outcome when humans collaborate during the early coding stages. Lastly, we identify design implications that could inspire and inform the future design of CQA systems

ZnO Nanorods Grown Directly on Copper Foil Substrate as a Binder-Free Anode for High Performance Lithium-Ion Batteries

ZnO nanorods directly grown on copper foil substrate were obtained via hydrothermal method without using templates. Structure and morphology of the as-prepared ZnO nanorods were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy. The ZnO nanorods on copper foil (ZnO@CF) exhibited remarkably enhanced performance as anode for lithium batteries with the initial discharge capacity of 1236 mAh g-1 and a capacity of 402 mAh g-1 retained over 100 cycles at a current density of 200 mA g-1. The ZnO@CF anode demonstrated an excellent rate capability, delivering a reversible capacity of 390 mAh g-1 at 1500 mA g-1. This superior performance of the ZnO@CF anode is believed to be due to the unique structure of this binder-free anode, favoring mass and charge transfer at its interface with the electrolyte, effectively reducing the Li-ions diffusion paths and providing conditions to accommodate the anode volume variations upon charge-discharge cycling

Antiferromagnetic to Ferrimagnetic Phase Transition and Possible Phase Coexistence in Polar Magnets (Fe1−x_{1-x}Mnx_x)2_2Mo3_3O8_8

In the present work, magnetic properties of single crystal (Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$)$_2$Mo$_3$O$_8$ ($0<x<1$) have been studied by performing extensive measurements. A detailed magnetic phase diagram is built up, in which antiferromagnetic state dominates for $x<0.25$ and ferrimagnetic phase arises for $x>0.3$. Meanwhile, sizeable electric polarization of spin origin is commonly observed in all samples, no matter what the magnetic state is. For the samples hosting a ferrimagnetic state, square-like magnetic hysteresis loops are revealed, while the remnant magnetization and coercive field can be tuned drastically by simply varying the Mn-content or temperature. Possible coexistence of the antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic phases is proposed to be responsible for the remarkable modulation of magnetic properties in the samples

Optimization and validation of the protocol used to analyze the taste of traditional Chinese medicines using an electronic tongue

Tools to define the active ingredients and flavors of Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) are limited by long analysis times, complex sample preparation and a lack of multiplexed analysis. The aim of the present study was to optimize and validate an electronic tongue (E‑tongue) methodology to analyze the bitterness of TCMs. To test the protocol, 35 different TCM concoctions were measured using an E‑tongue, and seven replicate measurements of each sample were taken to evaluate reproducibility and precision. E‑tongue sensor information was identified and classified using analysis approaches including least squares support vector machine (LS‑SVM), support vector machine (SVM), discriminant analysis (DA) and partial least squares (PLS). A benefit of this analytical protocol was that the analysis of a single sample took \u3c15 min for all seven sensors. The results identified that the LS‑SVM approach provided the best bitterness classification accuracy (binary classification accuracy, 100%; ternary classification accuracy, 89.66%). The E‑tongue protocol developed showed good reproducibility and high precision within a 6 h measurement cycle. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study of an E‑tongue being applied to assay the bitterness of TCMs. This approach could be applied in the classification of the taste of TCMs, and serve important roles in other fields, including foods and beverages

Impact of Human-AI Interaction on User Trust and Reliance in AI-Assisted Qualitative Coding

While AI shows promise for enhancing the efficiency of qualitative analysis, the unique human-AI interaction resulting from varied coding strategies makes it challenging to develop a trustworthy AI-assisted qualitative coding system (AIQCs) that supports coding tasks effectively. We bridge this gap by exploring the impact of varying coding strategies on user trust and reliance on AI. We conducted a mixed-methods split-plot 3x3 study, involving 30 participants, and a follow-up study with 6 participants, exploring varying text selection and code length in the use of our AIQCs system for qualitative analysis. Our results indicate that qualitative open coding should be conceptualized as a series of distinct subtasks, each with differing levels of complexity, and therefore, should be given tailored design considerations. We further observed a discrepancy between perceived and behavioral measures, and emphasized the potential challenges of under- and over-reliance on AIQCs systems. Additional design implications were also proposed for consideration.Comment: 27 pages with references, 9 figures, 5 table

Mediating effect of sleep quality on the association between job stress and health-related productivity loss among workers in R&D enterprises in Shanghai

BackgroundPast research indicates that occupational stress negatively predicts health-related productivity. Simultaneously, sleep problem among workers may stem from job stress, subsequently leading to a decline in sleep quality and resulting in reduced health productivity. Therefore, this study aims to idenitify whether the sleep quality of employees functions as a mediator in the process through which job stress impacts health productivity.ObjectivesThis study aimed to assess the status and analyze differences in quality of sleep, job stress, and health-related productivity loss (HRPL) among workers in research and development (R&amp;D) enterprises in Minhang District, Shanghai. We also assessed the mediating effect of sleep quality on the relationship between job stress and HRPL.MethodsA total of 3,216 workers in R&amp;D firms aged between 18 and 60 years participated in this study (mean age 35.15 years; standard deviation 8.44; male-to-female ratio≈2:1). The Nakata Insomnia Questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Brief Job Stress Questionnaire revised edition, and the Chinese version of the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire were used in this study. And the Kruskal–Wallis test, Hierarchical Multiple Regression Analysis, and Path Analysis were utilized for data analysis in this study.ResultsThere were significant differences in the positive detection rate of insomnia among participants according to age, educational level, marital status, position, length of service, and level of financial difficulties (all P &lt; 0.05). We also found significant differences in the positive detection rate of HRPL among participants according to age, marital status, length of service, and level of financial difficulties (all P &lt; 0.05); participants with insomnia scored higher for HRPL than those without insomnia (6.00 vs. 4.20, P &lt; 0.001). Additionally, participants with job stress problems had higher HRPL than those without these issues (7.00 vs. 4.20, P &lt; 0.001). Our findings suggest that sleep quality plays a mediating role between job stress and HRPL (all P &lt; 0.05).ConclusionsOccupational health professionals must pay particular attention to job stress, sleep quality, and their influencing factors to positively influence the wellbeing of workers while improving productivity

Analysis of bacterial diversity in two oil blocks from two low-permeability reservoirs with high salinities

The community diversities of two oil reservoirs with low permeability of 1.81 x 10 \u273 and 2.29 x 10 \u273 1/4m 2 in Changqing, China, were investigated using a high throughput sequencing technique to analyze the influence of biostimulation with a nutrient activator on the bacterial communities. These two blocks differed significantly in salinity (average 17,500 vs 40,900 mg/L). A core simulation test was used to evaluate the effectiveness of indigenous microbial-enhanced oil recovery (MEOR). The results indicated that in the two high salinity oil reservoirs, one reservoir having relatively lower salinity level and a narrow salinity range had higher bacterial and phylogenetic diversity. The addition of the nutrient activator increased the diversity of the bacterial community structure and the diversity differences between the two blocks. The results of the core simulation test showed that the bacterial community in the reservoir with a salinity level of 17,500 mg/L did not show significant higher MEOR efficiency compared with the reservoir with 40,900 mg/L i.e. MEOR efficiency of 8.12% vs 6.56% (test p = 0.291 \u3e 0.05). Therefore, salinity levels affected the bacterial diversities in the two low permeability oil blocks remarkably. But the influence of salinity for the MEOR recovery was slightly