Characterization of the complete mitochondrial genome of the Pohlia nutans M211 from Antarctica

The complete mitochondrial genome of Pohlia nutans M211, sequenced using Illumina NovaSeq PE150, was 99864 bp in length. It encoded 65 genes, comprising 38 protein-coding genes, 24 tRNA genes and 3 ribosomal RNA genes. For these 38 PCGs, the most common start codon was ATG and the most common termination codon was TAA. The total GC content was 36.91% while the composition of A + T was 60.39%. Phylogenomic analysis indicated that P. nutans M211 was closely related to Mielichhoferia elongate

Case study of colorectal endometriosis treated with endoscopic submucosal excavation

Colorectal endometriosis (CEM) is a rare and complicated form of deep invasive endometriosis. Its treatment methods include drug therapy and surgery. However, it is often difficult to alleviate symptoms and address problems, such as infertility, using drug treatment alone. Surgical intervention provides a histologic diagnosis, allows assessment of pelvic cysts or masses with features concerning for malignancy, and reduces pain by destroying the endometriotic implants. We consider surgery in women with the following: Persistent pain despite medical therapy; Contraindications to or refusal of medical therapy; Need for a tissue diagnosis of endometriosis; Exclusion of malignancy in an adnexal mass; Obstruction of the bowel or urinary tract. But there is no consensus about the surgical methods. With the rapid development of gastroenteroscopy technology in recent years, many local gastrointestinal tumors that previously required surgical resection can now be removed by endoscopic surgery. Herein, we report one case of CEM treated by endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE) to provide a new treatment option for the radical resection of single CEM

The complete mitochondrial genome of Sporobolus alterniflorus (loisel.) P.M. Peterson & Saarela (Poaceae) and phylogenetic analysis

The complete mitochondrial genome of Sporobolus alterniflorus was a circular molecule of 566,328 bp in length and encoded 64 genes, including 35 protein-coding genes, 24 tRNA genes, and 5 rRNA genes. The most common initiated codon was ATG and the most common termination codon was CAT. The overall A + T content was 55.96%. The phylogenomic analysis revealed that Sporobolus alterniflorus have a closest phylogenetic relationship with Sorghum bicolor

Regulatory Effects of Functional Soluble Dietary Fiber from Saccharina japonica Byproduct on the Liver of Obese Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Though the relationship between dietary fiber and physical health has been investigated widely, the use of dietary fiber from marine plants has been investigated relatively rarely. The Saccharina japonica byproducts after the production of algin contain a large amount of insoluble polysaccharide, which will cause a waste of resources if ignored. Soluble dietary fiber (SDF)prepared from waste byproducts of Saccharina japonica by alkaline hydrolysis method for the first time had a wrinkled microscopic surface and low crystallinity, which not only significantly reduced liver index, serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine amiotransferase (ALT), and liver fat accumulation damage to the livers of obese diabetic mice, but also activated the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to increase liver glycogen synthesis and glycolysis. By LC-MS/MS employing a Nexera UPLC tandem QE high-resolution mass spectrometer, the 6 potential biomarker metabolites were screened, namely glycerophosphocholine (GPC), phosphocholine (PCho), pantothenic acid, glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG), and betaine; several pathways of these metabolites were associated with lipid metabolism, glycogen metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in the liver were observed. This study further provided a detailed insight into the mechanisms of SDF from Saccharina japonica byproducts in regulating the livers of obese mice with type 2 diabetes and laid a reliable foundation for the further development and utilization of Saccharina japonica

Protective Effects of ζ-Carotene-like Compounds against Acute UVB-Induced Skin Damage

The previous study successfully established an expression strain of ζ-carotene-like compounds (CLC) and demonstrated its remarkable antioxidant activity, which exhibited resistance to photodamage caused by UVB radiation on the skin following gavage administration. The objective of this study was to investigate the impact and mechanism of CLC on UVB-induced skin damage through topical application. Cell viability, anti-apoptotic activity, ROS scavenging ability, the inhibition of melanin synthesis, the regulation of inflammatory factors and collagen deposition were assessed in cells and mice using qRT-PCR, WB, Elisa assays, immunohistochemistry staining and biochemical kits, etc. The experimental results demonstrated that CLC-mitigated apoptosis induced by UVB irradiation up-regulated the Keap1/Nrf2/ARE antioxidant pathway to attenuate levels of ROS and inflammatory factors (NF-κB, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-β), and suppressed MAPK/AP-1 and CAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathways to mitigate collagen degradation, skin aging and melanin formation. In conclusion, this study underscored the potential of CLC as a safe and efficacious source of antioxidants, positioning it as a promising ingredient in the formulation of cosmetics targeting anti-aging, skin brightening and sunburn repair