An Experimental Study of the Effects of Representational Data Quality on Decision Performance

The effects of information quality and the importance of information have been reported in the Information Systems literature. However, little has been learned about the impact of data quality (DQ) on decision performance. Representational DQ means that data must be interpretable, easy to understand, and represented concisely and consistently. This study explores the effects of representational DQ and task complexity on decision performance by conducting a laboratory experiment. Based on two levels of representational DQ and two levels of task complexity, this study had a 2 x 2 factorial design. The dependent variables were problem-solving accuracy and time. The results demonstrated that the effects of representational DQ on decision performance were significant. The findings suggest that decision makers can expect to improve their decision performance by enhancing representational DQ. This research extends a body of research examining the effects of factors that can be tied to human decision-making performance

비뉴턴 유체를 이용한 스마트 과속방지턱 소재 개발

In this study, a smart material applicable to speed bumps was developed using low-cost starch and water-based suspensions, and their properties were investigated. Viscosity and shear stress according to the shear rate was measured by a rheometer to observe shear thickening behavior according to starch concentration. The shear thickening phenomenon and applicability to speed bumps were identified macroscopically via drop weight test and bike driving test, measuring the vibration after impact with a driving speed of 5-25 km/h. As a result of the viscosity measurement, shear thickening occurred after the shear thinning region at the beginning, and the critical strain causing the shear thickening phenomenon decreased as the concentration of starch increased. Also, the viscosity and shear stress increased significantly with the increase of the starch concentration. As a result of the drop weight test and the bike driving test, the suspension was changed to a solid-like state in a short time, and the impact energy was absorbed in the fluid. The shear thickening phenomenon easily occurred as the concentration of the fluid and the applied impact (velocity) increased. Therefore, it can be proposed the development of a smart speed bump material that operates in the range of 5-25 km/h with a Non-Newtonian fluid based on water and starch.N

New b-value parameter for quantitatively monitoring the structural health of carbon fiber-reinforced composites

Carbon fiber-reinforced composites have excellent mechanical properties but are vulnerable to the accumulation of small cracks. This study used acoustic emission (AE) signals to monitor and quantify composite damage. We subjected carbon fiber/epoxy specimens to cyclic loading (10 cycles/step, up to 700 MPa of tensile stress). We obtained AE signals over a wide frequency range that can be used to monitor failure modes. The conventional Ib-value decreased with increasing damage and shifted upward as the propagation distance increased. We introduced a new parameter, the composite b-value (Cb-value), to analyze AE amplitude distribution at the crack origin. It was demonstrated that the Cb-value is independent of sensor location, thus providing accurate information on the overall damage. Finally, a standard value based on the Cb-value was suggested as an index of the damage level in composite materials; this is a useful indicator of structural health.N

Self-Assembled Triphenylphosphonium-Conjugated Dicyanostilbene Nanoparticles and Their Fluorescence Probes for Reactive Oxygen Species

We report self-assembled novel triphenylphosphonium-conjugated dicyanostilbene-based as selective fluorescence turn-on probes for 1O2 and ClO−. Mono- or di-triphenylphosphonium-conjugated dicyanostilbene derivatives 1 and 2 formed spherical structures with diameters of ca. 27 and 56.5 nm, respectively, through π-π interaction between dicyanostilbene groups. Self-assembled 1 showed strong fluorescent emission upon the addition of 1O2 and ClO− compared to other ROS (O2−, •OH, NO, TBHP, H2O2, GSH), metal ions (K+, Na+), and amino acids (cysteine and histidine). Upon addition of 1O2 and ClO−, the spherical structure of 1 changed to a fiber structure (8-nm wide; 300-nm long). Upon addition of 1O2 and ClO−, the chemical structural conversion of 1 was determined by FAB-Mass, NMR, IR and Zeta potential analysis, and the strong emission of the self-assembled 1 was due to an aggregation-induced emission enhancement. This self-assembled material was the first for selective ROS as a fluorescence turn-on probe. Thus, a nanostructure change-derived turn-on sensing strategy for 1O2 or ClO− may offer a new approach to developing methods for specific guest molecules in biological and environmental subjects