Prediction of a time-to-event trait using genome wide SNP data

BACKGROUND: A popular objective of many high-throughput genome projects is to discover various genomic markers associated with traits and develop statistical models to predict traits of future patients based on marker values. RESULTS: In this paper, we present a prediction method for time-to-event traits using genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). We also propose a MaxTest associating between a time-to-event trait and a SNP accounting for its possible genetic models. The proposed MaxTest can help screen out nonprognostic SNPs and identify genetic models of prognostic SNPs. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated through simulations. CONCLUSIONS: In conjunction with the MaxTest, the proposed method provides more parsimonious prediction models but includes more prognostic SNPs than some naive prediction methods. The proposed method is demonstrated with real GWAS data

Controllable synthesis of molybdenum tungsten disulfide alloy for vertically composition-controlled multilayer

The effective synthesis of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides alloy is essential for successful application in electronic and optical devices based on a tunable band gap. Here we show a synthesis process for Mo<inf>1-x</inf>W<inf>x</inf>S<inf>2</inf> alloy using sulfurization of super-cycle atomic layer deposition Mo<inf>1-x</inf>W<inf>x</inf>O<inf>y</inf>. Various spectroscopic and microscopic results indicate that the synthesized Mo<inf>1-x</inf>W<inf>x</inf>S<inf>2</inf> alloys have complete mixing of Mo and Watoms and tunable band gap by systematically controlled composition and layer number. Based on this, we synthesize a vertically composition-controlled (VCC) Mo<inf>1-x</inf>W<inf>x</inf>S<inf>2</inf> multilayer using five continuous super-cycles with different cycle ratios for each super-cycle. Angle-resolved X-ray photoemission spectroscopy, Raman and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer results reveal that a VCC Mo<inf>1-x</inf>W<inf>x</inf>S<inf>2</inf> multilayer has different vertical composition and broadband light absorption with strong interlayer coupling within a VCC Mo<inf>1-x</inf>W<inf>x</inf>S<inf>2</inf> multilayer. Further, we demonstrate that a VCC Mo<inf>1-x</inf>W<inf>x</inf>S<inf>2</inf> multilayer photodetector generates three to four times greater photocurrent than MoS<inf>2</inf>-and WS<inf>2</inf>-based devices, owing to the broadband light absorption. © 2015 Macmillan Publishers Limitedopen1

The Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere (YOPP-SH)

The Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere (YOPP-SH) had a Special Observing Period (SOP) that ran from November 16, 2018 to February 15, 2019, a period chosen to span the austral warm season months of greatest operational activity in the Antarctic. Some 2200 additional radiosondes were launched during the 3-month SOP, roughly doubling the routine program, and the network of drifting buoys in the Southern Ocean was enhanced. An evaluation of global model forecasts during the SOP and using its data has confirmed that extratropical Southern Hemisphere forecast skill lags behind that in the Northern Hemisphere with the contrast being greatest between the southern and northern polar regions. Reflecting the application of the SOP data, early results from observing system experiments show that the additional radiosondes

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

Improved Pair-Wise Detections of Differential Quasi-Orthogonal Space-Time Modulation with Four Transmit Antennas

In this paper, we propose new complex and real pair-wise detection for conventional differential space–time modulations based on quasi-orthogonal design with four transmit antennas for general QAM. Since the new complex and real pair-wise detections allow the independent joint ML detection of two complex and real symbol pairs, respectively, the decoding complexity is the same as or lower than conventional differential detections. Simulation results show that the proposed detections exhibit almost identical performance with an optimum maximum-likelihood receiver, as well as improved performance compared with conventional pair-wise detections, especially for higher modulation order

Impact of NaOH Concentration on Deweaving of Cotton Fabric in Aqueous Solutions

In the past decade, there has been increasing attention paid to the recycling of cotton fabric waste. In the present study, different concentrations of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ranging from 1 M to 4 M were used to thermomechanically deweave cotton fabric. The fabrics treated with 1 M NaOH and 2 M NaOH were partially deweaved, whereas those treated with 3 M NaOH and 4 M NaOH were completely deweaved. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to analyze the chemistry and structure of the cotton fabric. The FTIR spectra indicated that the structure of cotton fabrics treated with 1–2 M NaOH were similar to that of pristine fabric, while the presence of NaOH was observed. In the case of samples treated with 3–4 M NaOH, both the peak positions and the band intensities were changed, in addition to the formation of cellulose II. FTIR spectra for the recycled NaOH-treated cotton fabrics were compared, and no major structural changes were identified. A post-treatment with deionized (DI) water removed excess Na+ ions, with the sample showing a similar molecular structure to that of the pristine material. These results suggest the feasibility of recycling aqueous NaOH for post-washing treatment as a new method for recycling cellulosic fabric waste