STRUGGLES OF KOREAN AMERICANS LABELED WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES TO CLAIM ADULT STATUS

The transition to adulthood is complicated for youth with intellectual disabilities from culturally and linguistically diverse (CLD) Families. This ethnographic research explores the daily lives of six adults with intellectual disabilities who live in one urban Korean American community. In particular, the ethnographic observational, interview and textual data have been analyzed in terms of which activities associated with adulthood the participants could or could not engage in, in comparison to the practices of their non-disabled peers in this community. Besides the six focus participants with intellectual disabilities, I also interviewed six other youth and adults with disabilities, six parents of youth or adult children with disabilities and six staff and volunteers who participated in a Christian community organization. The practice of service emerged as a main theme for understanding experiences of transition to adulthood. While the Korean community actively reproduces the culture of serving as an adult, especially in age hierarchy, food serving culture, and volunteerism, the participants with intellectual disabilities in this research were excluded from opportunities to serve as contributing adult members in these areas. Instead, my participants were fixed in the role of being served, despite demonstrating a variety of examples of how they provided service to others, in purely voluntary actions in their daily lives. In conclusion, the Korean American adults with intellectual disabilities in the study struggled to claim their adult status. I argue that being an adult entails having more chances to serve others, and that therefore a Korean community such as the one I observed would need to create more spaces for people with intellectual disabilities to serve others as adults. The practice of service can be implemented in a way that would not reestablish a colonial, ableist, pity-based or charity model of disability, but rather would highlight different kinds of service to others as an element of interdependence. Recommendations for transition and further research are included

Transnational Cultural Traffic In Northeast Asia: The "Presence" of Japan in Korea's Popular Music Culture

Korea's nationalistic antagonism towards Japan and "things Japanese" has mostly been a response to the colonial annexation by Japan (1910-1945). Despite their close economic relationship since 1965, their conflicting historic and political relationships and deep-seated prejudice against each other have continued. The Korean government's official ban on the direct import of Japanese cultural products existed until 1997, but various kinds of Japanese cultural products, including popular music, found their way into Korea through various legal and illegal routes and influenced contemporary Korean popular culture. Since 1998, under Korea's Open-Door Policy, legally available Japanese popular cultural products became widely consumed, especially among young Koreans fascinated by Japan's quintessentially postmodern popular culture, despite lingering resentments towards Japan. Because of the sensitive relationship between the two countries, however, the extensive transnational cultural interaction between Korea and Japan--including popular musical interaction, one of the most important aspects--has been intentionally downplayed by Korean scholars and by the popular Korean press. My dissertation theorizes what I call the "presence" of Japan, through its popular music, in contemporary Korea. I identify three major shifts in the presence of Japan in Korea from the 1980s to 2006: the "illegal" presence (1980s-1997), the "transitional" presence (1998-2004), and the "newly sanctioned" presence (since 2004). It is my contention that popular music plays a crucial role in shaping Korean perceptions about Japan, and those perceptions define a central focus of my dissertation. The research I present in the dissertation is organized around four areas of investigation: the kinds of "presence" Japan has had in the contemporary popular music scene in Korea since the 1980s, the kinds of forces that have been instrumental in shaping Korean's consumption of Japanese popular music, the adjustments in Korea's cultural politics in response to transnational cultural flow from Japan before and since 1998, and Korean reception and responses to the Japanese "presence" in Korea - its meanings and implications. I address these issues within the political and economic context of Japan-Korea relations, whose impact on musical practice and musical taste is complex and dynamic, demanding a multi-disciplinary analysis

Effect of Magnolol on the Function of Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells

Objectives. In the present study, the ability of magnolol, a hydroxylated biphenyl compound isolated from Magnolia officinalis, to stimulate osteoblast function and inhibit the release of bone-resorbing mediators was investigated in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Methods. Osteoblast function was measured by cell growth, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization. Glutathione content was also measured in the cells. Bone-resorbing cytokines, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), TNF-α, and IL-6 were measured with an enzyme immunoassay system. Results. Magnolol caused a significant elevation of cell growth, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis, mineralization, and glutathione content in the cells (P < 0.05). Skeletal turnover is orchestrated by a complex network of regulatory factors. Among cytokines, RANKL, TNF-α, and IL-6 were found to be key osteoclastogenetic molecules produced by osteoblasts. Magnolol significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the production of osteoclast differentiation inducing factors such as RANKL, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the presence of antimycin A, which inhibits mitochondrial electron transport and has been used as an ROS generator. Conclusion. Magnolol might be a candidate as an agent for the prevention of bone disorders such as osteoporosis

Cavity induced vibration of flexible hydrofoils

The objective of this work is to investigate the influence of cavity-induced vibrations on the dynamic response and stability of a NACA66 hydrofoil at 8° angle of attack at Re=750 000 via combined experimental measurements and numerical simulations. The rectangular, cantilevered hydrofoil is assumed to be rigid in the chordwise direction, while the spanwise bending and twisting deformations are represented using a two-degrees-of-freedom structural model. The multiphase flow is modeled with an incompressible, unsteady Reynolds Averaged Navier–Stokes solver with the k–ω Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence closure model, while the phase evolutions are modeled with a mass-transport equation based cavitation model. The numerical predictions are compared with experimental measurements across a range of cavitation numbers for a rigid and a flexible hydrofoil with the same undeformed geometries. The results showed that foil flexibility can lead to: (1) focusing – locking – of the frequency content of the vibrations to the nearest sub-harmonics of the foil׳s wetted natural frequencies, and (2) broadening of the frequency content of the vibrations in the unstable cavitation regime, where amplifications are observed in the sub-harmonics of the foil natural frequencies. Cavitation was also observed to cause frequency modulation, as the fluid density, and hence fluid induced (inertial, damping, and disturbing) forces fluctuated with unsteady cavitation.The authors gratefully acknowledge Ms. Kelly Cooper (program manager) and the Office of Naval Research (ONR), for their financial support through Grant nos. N00014-11-1-0833 and N0014-12-C-0585, as well as ONR Global and Dr. Woei-Min Lin (program manager) through grant no. N62909-12-1-7076

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Effects of Resilience, Post-traumatic Stress Disorder on the Quality of Life in Patients with Breast Cancer

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify relationships of resilience, Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder(PTSD), and quality of life of breast cancer patients. The findings from this study would provide baseline data needed for nursing intervention. METHODS: A sample of 129 breast cancer patients was recruited from three hospitals in J and C cities in Korea. The survey was conducted with participants by utilizing self-reported questionnaires. RESULTS: Quality of life showed statistically significant differences on religion (t=2.11, p=.033) and hobby (t=2.79, p=.006). Resilience and PTSD had a negative correlation (r=-.22, p=.010). Resilience and quality of life of the participants had a positive correlation (r=.58, p&amp;lt;.001), whereas PTSD and quality of life had a negative correlation (r=-.45, p&amp;lt;.001). Significant predictors of quality of life were resilience and PTSD. These variables explained 44.9% of the variance in quality of life. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that as resilience of breast cancer patients rose higher and PTSD got lower, their quality of life increased. Based on these results, nursing interventions directed towards improving resilience and relieving PTSD is proposed

Dissolved Organic Matter Fractions and Their Removal in Full-Scale Drinking Water Treatment Process

Objectives The objective of this study is to investigate characteristics about removal of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and its fraction for improving operation efficiency in an advanced water treatment plant. Methods The monitoring of water quality was conducted at five processes such as raw water, pre-oxidation, after sedimentation, post-ozonation, after biological activated carbon (BAC) from July 2020 to August 2021 in advanced water treatment process (AWTP) supplying 180,000m3/day. The concentration of DOC (dissolved organic carbon) and number of algae were monitored and LC-OCD was used to fractionate DOC to four species, biopolymer (BP), humic substance (HS), building blocks (BB), and low molecular weights (LMWs). Results and Discussion The characteristics of raw water showed that the concentration of DOC and the number of algae increased with an increase in water temperature. The portion of BP and HS significantly increased at low and high water temperature, respectively, while BB and LMWs maintained the similar portion. The removal efficiency of DOC in the AWTP was achieved at 59% with each species of BP, HS, BB, and LMWs obtaining removal efficiency of 87%, 65%, 26%, and 52%, respectively. Coagulation/sedimentation/filtration showed removal efficiency of 84%, 56%, 20%, and 18% for BP, HS, BB, and LMWs, respectively, corresponding to their molecular weight. The effect of post-ozonation would be negligible except for BP. In BAC, removal efficiency of 49% and 12% were obtained for LMWs and BB (low molecular weight, respectively. As a result, the BP portion significantly decreased due to high removal efficiency, while BB portion was increased in the final treated water compared to raw water. Conclusion Most of DOM was removed in coagulation/sedimentation/filtration and BAC, whereas oxidation process such as pre-chlorination, pre-ozonation and post-oxidation did not have an effect on DOM removal. In coagulation/sedimentation/filtration, 84% and 54% of the BP and HS were removed, while BAC removed 49% and 12% of LMWs and BB, respectively. It has been recommended to improve the removal efficiency of BB, which obtained the lowest removal efficiency in AWTP, and to enhance the removal efficiency of LMWs in BAC to inhibit microbial regrowth in the distribution system

Depressed Neuronal Growth Associated Protein (GAP)-43 Expression in the Small Intestines of Mice Experimentally Infected with Neodiplostomum seoulense

Neodiplostomum seoulense (Digenea: Neodiplostomidae) is an intestinal trematode that can cause severe mucosal pathology in the small intestines of mice and even mortality of the infected mice within 28 days after infection. We observed neuronal growth associated protein-43 (GAP-43) expression in the myenteric plexus of the small intestinal wall of N. seoulense-infected mice until day 35 post-infection (PI). BALB/c mice were infected with 200 or 500 N. seoulense metacercariae isolated from naturally infected snakes and were killed every 7 days for immunohistochemical demonstration of GAP-43 in the small intestines. N. seoulense-infected mice showed remarkable dilatation of intestinal loops compared with control mice through days 7-28 PI. Conversely, GAP-43 expression in the mucosal myenteric plexus was markedly (P<0.05) reduced in the small intestines of N. seoulense-infected mice during days 7-28 PI and was slightly normalized at day 35 PI. From this study, it is evident that neuronal damage occurs in the intestinal mucosa of N. seoulense-infected mice. However, the correlation between intestinal pathology, including the loop dilatation, and depressed GAP-43 expression remains to be elucidated