Human Facial Expression Recognition Using Fisher Independent Component Analysis and Hidden Markov Model

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Characteristics of DSSC Panels with Silicone Encapsulant

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) allow light transmission and the application of various colors that make them especially suitable for building-integrated PV (BIPV) application. In order to apply DSSC modules to windows, the module has to be panelized: a DSSC module should be protected with toughened glass on the entire surface. Up to the present, it seems to be common to use double glazing with DSSC modules, with air gaps between the glass pane and the DSSC modules. Few studies have been conducted on the characteristics of various glazing methods with DSSC modules. This paper proposes a paneling method that uses silicone encapsulant, analyzing the performance through experimentation. Compared to a multilayered DSSC panel with an air gap, the encapsulant-applied panel showed 6% higher light transmittance and 7% higher electrical efficiency. The encapsulant also prevented electrolyte leakage by strengthening the seals in the DSSC module

Combining 3D printing with traditional crafts: Why is it needed and what is thr role of designer?

Department of Industrial DesignTraditional crafts now have trouble in terms of economic losses and low interest from society, but it is true that traditional crafts have value for our society and culture. In this situation, we consider the use of 3D printer. Our focus on traditional crafts is in danger, even with their importance in social and economic terms. We started this research based on the hypothesis that the 3D printer that is now widely used in the design and technical fields will help to revive traditional crafts. Our two research questions are as follows: RQ 1. Why do traditional crafts need to be combined with 3D printer? RQ 2. How can designs contribute to the combinations of traditional crafts and 3D printer? To answer these questions, we used the interview and found five interviewees that illustrate the combination of 3D printer with traditional crafts. We found that 3D printer have the advantages of fast speed and free form. They can help traditional crafts to evolve in other ways and still deliver the meaning of traditional crafts to the people. For this to occur, the designer should understand traditional crafts first and create better products that can show the advantages of both 3D printer and traditional crafts. Finally, 3D printer can help to develop new kinds of craft designs and deliver new meanings to the user. It can also evoke the meanings of traditional crafts to the user in a social context. We hope that these kinds of results can help whomever has an interest in developing traditional crafts or those who want to find alternative ways to use 3D printer.ope

Ultraviolet photodepletion spectroscopy of dibenzo-18-crown-6-ether complexes with alkali metal cations

Ultraviolet photodepletion spectra of dibenzo-18-crown-6-ether complexes with alkali metal cations (M+-DB18C6, M = Cs, Rb, K, Na, and Li) were obtained in the gas phase using electrospray ionization quadrupole ion-trap reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The spectra exhibited a few distinct absorption bands in the wavenumber region of 35450−37800 cm^(−1). The lowest-energy band was tentatively assigned to be the origin of the S_0-S_1 transition, and the second band to a vibronic transition arising from the “benzene breathing” mode in conjunction with symmetric or asymmetric stretching vibration of the bonds between the metal cation and the oxygen atoms in DB18C6. The red shifts of the origin bands were observed in the spectra as the size of the metal cation in M^+-DB18C6 increased from Li^+ to Cs^+. We suggested that these red shifts arose mainly from the decrease in the binding energies of larger-sized metal cations to DB18C6 at the electronic ground state. These size effects of the metal cations on the geometric and electronic structures, and the binding properties of the complexes at the S_0 and S_1 states were further elucidated by theoretical calculations using density functional and time-dependent density functional theories