2,234 research outputs found
Unified Universal Quantum Cloning Machine and Fidelities
We present a unified universal quantum cloning machine, which combines
several different existing universal cloning machines together including the
asymmetric case. In this unified framework, the identical pure states are
projected equally into each copy initially constituted by input and one half of
the maximally entangled states. We show explicitly that the output states of
those universal cloning machines are the same. One importance of this unified
cloning machine is that the cloning procession is always the symmetric
projection which reduces dramatically the difficulties for implementation. Also
it is found that this unified cloning machine can be directly modified to the
general asymmetric case. Besides the global fidelity and the single-copy
fidelity, we also present all possible arbitrary-copy fidelities.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure
\u3ci\u3eNurudea zhengii\u3c/i\u3e Ren, A New Species of the \u3ci\u3eRhus\u3c/i\u3e Gall Aphids (Aphididae: Eriosomatinae: Fordini) from Eastern China
A new Rhus gall aphid species Nurudea zhengii Ren, sp. nov. collected from the Mountain Qixing in Shangrao County, Jiangxi Province, China is described and illustrated from alate viviparous female. The new species differs from the other Nurudea species in the length and proportion of antennal segments, the structure of antennal secondary sensilla, and the flower-like shape of the galls that are formed on its primary host. Its primary host plant is Rhus hypoleuca, whereas other Nurudea species are on R. chinensis
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