The role of F1 ATP synthase beta subunit in WSSV infection in the shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Knowledge of the virus-host cell interaction could inform us of the molecular pathways exploited by the virus. Studies on viral attachment proteins (VAPs) and candidate receptor proteins involved in WSSV infection, allow a better understanding of how these proteins interact in the viral life cycle. In this study, our aim was to find some host cellular membrane proteins that could bind with white spot syndrome virus (WSSV).</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Two proteins were evident by using a virus overlay protein binding assay (VOPBA) with WSSV. A protein with molecular weight 53 kDa, named BP53, was analyzed in this study, which was homologous with the F₁-ATP synthase beta subunit by mass spectrometry analysis. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR was performed to identify the full-length cDNA of the <it>bp53 </it>gene. The resulting full-length gene consisted of 1836 bp, encoding 525 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 55.98 kDa. The deduced amino acid sequence contained three conserved domains of the F₁-ATP synthase beta subunit. BP53 was therefore designated the F₁-ATP synthase beta subunit of <it>L. vannamei</it>. The binding of WSSV to BP53 were also confirmed by competitive ELISA binding assay and co-immunoprecipitation on magnetic beads. To investigate the function of BP53 in WSSV infection, it was mixed with WSSV before the mixture was injected intramuscularly into shrimp. The resulting mortality curves showed that recombinant (r) BP53 could attenuate WSSV infection.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The results revealed that BP53 is involved in WSSV infection. Here is the first time showed the role of shrimp F₁-ATP synthase beta subunit in WSSV infection.</p

ZMCintegral-v5.1: Support for Multi-function Integrations on GPUs

In this new version of ZMCintegral, we have added the functionality of multi-function integrations, i.e. the ability to integrate more than $10^{3}$ different functions on GPUs. The Python API remains the similar as the previous versions. For integrands less than 5 dimensions, it usually takes less than 10 minutes to finish the evaluation of $10^{3}$ integrations on one Tesla v100 card. The performance scales linearly with the increasing of the GPUs.Comment: 5pages, 1figur

Canonical Charmonium Interpretation for Y(4360) and Y(4660)

In this work, we consider the canonical charmonium assignments for Y(4360) and Y(4660). Y(4660) is good candidate of $\rm 5 ^3S_1$ $c\bar{c}$ state, the possibility of Y(4360) as a $\rm 3 ^3D_1$ $c\bar{c}$ state is studied, and the charmonium hybrid interpretation of Y(4360) can not be excluded completely. We evaluate the $e^{+}e^{-}$ leptonic widths, E1 transitions, M1 transitions and the open flavor strong decays of Y(4360) and Y(4660). Experimental tests for the charmonium assignments are suggested.Comment: 32 pages, 4 figure