A study of time dependence during serial needle ice events

Soil surface temperature, net radiation and soil heave data during a series of eleven consecutive needle ice growth-melt cycles at Vancouver, Canada, were studied using computer-graphic techniques. A method of analyzing the morphologic evolution of a needle growth using surface temperature and soil heave data is presented. Lastly, an atmospheric-geomorphic correlation matrix derived partially from the analysis of surface temperature-heave data is used to highlight the importance of afternoon evaporation in determining the course of an individual needle ice event within an event series. Bodentemperatur, Strahlungsbilanz und Bodenbewegungsdaten aus Vancouver, Kanada, werden für eine Serie von elf aufeinanderfolgenden Wachstums- und Schmelzzyklen von Eisnadeln graphisch wiedergegeben. Eine Methode zur Analyse der morphologischen Entwicklung des Nadelwachstums mit Hilfe von Bodentemperaturen und Bodenbewegungsdaten wird beschrieben. Schießlich wird eine Korrelationsmatrize zwischen atmosphärischen und geomorphologischen Daten teilweise aus den Daten der Bodentemperatur und Bodenbewegung abgeleitet und dazu benützt, die Bedeutung der Verdunstung am Nachmittag für den Verlauf der Nadelbildung innerhalb der beschriebenen Serie zu demonstrieren.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/41660/1/703_2005_Article_BF02250898.pd

Diagnostic Analysis of Bank Storage Effects on Sloping Floodplains

Stream bank storage effects during floods have received limited attention, despite the significant role of such floods in aquifer water budgets. One reason is the complexity of geometry of the problem, which commonly has been treated numerically. Using a simple model in a domain with moving boundary, a semianalytical solution for bank storage effects is proposed to account for stream stage hydrograph, floodplain slope, and aquifer parameters. The results extend classic solutions by Cooper and Rorabaugh (1963, https://doi.org/10.3133/wsp1536J) for idealized vertical streambanks but applied to realistic floodplain cross sections. The accuracy of the semianalytical solution is verified by a one‐dimensional numerical method and compared to a vertical two‐dimensional variably saturated‐flow numerical model. Comparison indicates that a robust solution is valid for diagnostic analyses of modeling bank storage effects on floodplains. The semianalytical solution is applied to laboratory experiments as well. The results indicate that the present solution provides reasonable estimates of peak timing and head of groundwater flow response in the sloping bank during varying stream stage