VITAMINIC GAME: A TOOL IN THE TEACHING ON HEALTHY FOOD

O jogo vitamínico teve como objetivo compreender, conhecer, identificar os tipos de vitaminas nos grupos alimentares bem como capacitar os alunos sobre a importância da alimentação equilibrada. Inicialmente utilizou-se de exposição oral sobre o conteúdo e na sequência aplicou-se o jogo vitamínico com o auxílio da tabela vitamina. Os resultados da avaliação das refeições mostraram-se satisfatórios, pois a maioria dos educandos que realizaram o jogo vitamínico conseguiu construir as suas refeições de forma saudável com a presença de 4 a 6 vitaminas, os resultados demostram que os alunos não foram aptos a uma distribuição equilibrada das vitaminas em suas refeições. Portanto, as atividades escolares envolvendo a educação alimentar e de fundamental importância para o ensino e aprendizagem dos educandos.The purpose of the vitamin game was to understand, to know, to identify the types of vitamins in the food groups as well as to enable the students on the importance of balanced nutrition. Initially oral exposure was used on the content and the vitamin was applied with the aid of the vitamin table. The results of the evaluation of the meals were satisfactory, since the majority of the students who carried out the vitamin game were able to construct their meals in a healthy way with the presence of 4 to 6 vitamins, the results show that the students were not able to a distribution Balanced diet of vitamins in your meals. Therefore, the school activities involving food education and of fundamental importance for the teaching and learning of the students

O Trabalho de Assistência Pedagógica na Universidade: a Experiência da UNISUL

Este trabalho consiste em um relato da experiência da Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina (UNISUL) na implantação do serviço de assistência pedagógica nos cursos de graduação. Atualmente, os cursos de graduação da universidade estão agrupados por Unidades Acadêmicas (UnAs), de acordo com as áreas de conhecimento a que se relacionam, com estudantes matriculados, resultados econômico-financeiros apresentados e com localização geográfica das atividades de ensino. Cada UnA conta com o serviço de Assistência Pedagógica cuja função é dar suporte às decisões didático-pedagógicas, contribuindo com o processo de implementação dos Projetos Pedagógicos dos Cursos. O objetivo central deste texto é apresentar o caminho percorrido pelo grupo de assistentes pedagógicas contratadas em 2004, 2005 e 2006. Desde o período de capacitação para exercício da função, de imersão nas UnAs, até a fase de constituição do plano de intervenção pedagógica nos respectivos cursos de graduação.. A capacitação para o exercício da função foi planejada e desenvolvida pela Diretoria de Graduação da UNISUL e consistiu-se no estudo dirigido de documentos que regem a gestão pedagógica da universidade, na discussão de casos e na construção coletiva de um plano de trabalho para a imersão das assistentes pedagógicas na realidade dos cursos. Esse plano de trabalho previu uma metodologia para a coleta de dados junto aos coordenadores, docentes e acadêmicos dos cursos, com vistas à leitura do contexto e produção de um plano de intervenção pedagógica. Ao final deste texto , são apresentadas, resumidamente, as práticas pedagógicas identificadas em cada UnA, bem como as propostas de intervenção da assistência pedagógica, ora em implementação

Development of an antibody against EtpA from enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and evaluation of its use for bacterial isolation using magnetic beads

Abstract The enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) strain is one of the most frequent causative agents of childhood diarrhea and travelers’ diarrhea in low-and middle-income countries. Among the virulence factors secreted by ETEC, the exoprotein EtpA has been described as an important. In the present study, a new detection tool for enterotoxigenic E. coli bacteria using the EtpA protein was developed. Initially, antigenic sequences of the EtpA protein were selected via in silico prediction. A chimeric recombinant protein, corresponding to the selected regions, was expressed in an E. coli host, purified and used for the immunization of mice. The specific recognition of anti-EtpA IgG antibodies generated was evaluated using flow cytometry. The tests demonstrated that the antibodiesdeveloped were able to recognize the native EtpA protein. By coupling these antibodies to magnetic beads for the capture and detection of ETEC isolates, cytometric analyses showed an increase in sensitivity, specificity and the effectiveness of the method of separation and detection of these pathogens. This is the first report of the use of this methodology for ETEC separation. Future trials may indicate their potential use for isolating these and other pathogens in clinical samples, thus accelerating the diagnosis and treatment of diseases

Interdependence between confirmed and discarded cases of dengue, chikungunya and Zika viruses in Brazil: A multivariate time-series analysis.

The co-circulation of different arboviruses in the same time and space poses a significant threat to public health given their rapid geographic dispersion and serious health, social, and economic impact. Therefore, it is crucial to have high quality of case registration to estimate the real impact of each arboviruses in the population. In this work, a Vector Autoregressive (VAR) model was developed to investigate the interrelationships between discarded and confirmed cases of dengue, chikungunya, and Zika in Brazil. We used data from the Brazilian National Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN) from 2010 to 2017. There were three peaks in the series of dengue notification in this period occurring in 2013, 2015 and in 2016. The series of reported cases of both Zika and chikungunya reached their peak in late 2015 and early 2016. The VAR model shows that the Zika series have a significant impact on the dengue series and vice versa, suggesting that several discarded and confirmed cases of dengue could actually have been cases of Zika. The model also suggests that the series of confirmed and discarded chikungunya cases are almost independent of the cases of Zika, however, affecting the series of dengue. In conclusion, co-circulation of arboviruses with similar symptoms could have lead to misdiagnosed diseases in the surveillance system. We argue that the routinely use of mathematical and statistical models in association with traditional symptom-surveillance could help to decrease such errors and to provide early indication of possible future outbreaks. These findings address the challenges regarding notification biases and shed new light on how to handle reported cases based only in clinical-epidemiological criteria when multiples arboviruses co-circulate in the same population

Classification algorithm for congenital Zika Syndrome: characterizations, diagnosis and validation.

Zika virus was responsible for the microcephaly epidemic in Brazil which began in October 2015 and brought great challenges to the scientific community and health professionals in terms of diagnosis and classification. Due to the difficulties in correctly identifying Zika cases, it is necessary to develop an automatic procedure to classify the probability of a CZS case from the clinical data. This work presents a machine learning algorithm capable of achieving this from structured and unstructured available data. The proposed algorithm reached 83% accuracy with textual information in medical records and image reports and 76% accuracy in classifying data without textual information. Therefore, the proposed algorithm has the potential to classify CZS cases in order to clarify the real effects of this epidemic, as well as to contribute to health surveillance in monitoring possible future epidemics

New Insights on the Zika Virus Arrival in the Americas and Spatiotemporal Reconstruction of the Epidemic Dynamics in Brazil.

Zika virus (ZIKV) became a worldwide public health emergency after its introduction in the Americas. Brazil was implicated as central in the ZIKV dispersion, however, a better understanding of the pathways the virus took to arrive in Brazil and the dispersion within the country is needed. An updated genome dataset was assembled with publicly available data. Bayesian phylogeography methods were applied to reconstruct the spatiotemporal history of ZIKV in the Americas and with more detail inside Brazil. Our analyses reconstructed the Brazilian state of Pernambuco as the likely point of introduction of ZIKV in Brazil, possibly during the 2013 Confederations Cup. Pernambuco played an important role in spreading the virus to other Brazilian states. Our results also underscore the long cryptic circulation of ZIKV in all analyzed locations in Brazil. Conclusions: This study brings new insights about the early moments of ZIKV in the Americas, especially regarding the Brazil-Haiti cluster at the base of the American clade and describing for the first time migration patterns within Brazil

Epidemiological Profile Of Vascular Encephalic Accident (VEA) Victims Hospitalized In A Regional Hospital Of Paraíba, Brazil

Introduction: Responsible for a high mortality rate and for causing numerous sequels in the general population, stroke arises from a deficiency in cerebral oxygen supply, commonly caused by obstruction of the arteries or extravasation of blood for the tissue. Genetic factors, style and quality of life are factors directly related to the incidence of stroke and its numerous hospitalizations. Objective: The study aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of hospitalized patients after clinical diagnosis of stroke. Methodology: This is a retrospective study, with a quantitative approach, carried out through the analysis of 252 medical records of patients hospitalized in the Medical Clinic and in the Mixed Stroke Unit of the Deputado Janduhy Carneiro Regional Hospital, in the municipality of Patos - PB, in the period of January 1 to December 31 2015. All medical records of patients affected by stroke in 2015 were included; internal with clinical diagnosis of stroke; Computed Tomography of Skull; Neurologist's evaluation; and readable handwriting. Data were collected using a questionnaire with objective questions, including variables related to the objective of study. They were submitted to simple statistical analysis and later, discussed and related to the literature from the reading and the comprehension of the researchers. Results: It was observed that the affected victim is woman, over 70 years of age, brown, living in an urban area and retired. The most frequent etiology of the stroke is of the ischemic type, being able to notice preexisting diseases in the patients, such as Arterial Hypertension and Heart diseases. 42% of patients were discharged after treatment in less than 15 days (78%). By causing many deaths and disabilities, bringing not only human, but social and financial damage to the health and social security system. Conclusion: More and more studies are needed to diagnose the causes of stroke, consequences and possible decisions that attenuate this problem. Keywords: Vascular Encephalic Accident. Hospitalization. Prognosis

One-step enzyme-free dual electrochemical immunosensor for histidine-rich protein 2 determination

In the present work, we describe a novel one-step enzyme-free dual electrochemical immunosensor for the determination of histidine-rich protein 2 (Ag-PfHRP2), a specific malaria biomarker. A gold electrode (GE) was functionalized with thePfHRP2 antibody (Ab-PfHRP2) using dihexadecyl phosphate (DHP) polymer as an immobilization platform. The Ab-PfHRP2/DHP/GE sensor was characterized by cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and atomic force microscopy. The developed immunosensor was employed for indirect Ag-PfHRP2 determination by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The linear range was 10-400 ng mL−1and 10-500 ng mL−1for EIS and DPV, while the limit of detection was 3.3 ng mL−1and 2.8 ng mL−1, respectively. The electrochemical immunosensor was successfully applied for Ag-PfHRP2 determination in human serum samples. Its performance was compared with an ELISA test, and good correspondence was achieved. The coefficients of intra- and inter-assay variations were less than 5%. The electrochemical immunosensor is a useful and straightforward tool forin situmalaria biomarker determination.Fil: Dip Gandarilla, Ariamna María. Universidad Federal del Amazonas.; BrasilFil: Regiart, Daniel Matias Gaston. Universidade de Sao Paulo; Brasil. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Luis. Instituto de Química de San Luis. Universidad Nacional de San Luis. Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia. Instituto de Química de San Luis; ArgentinaFil: Bertotti, Mauro. Universidade de Sao Paulo; BrasilFil: Correa Glória, Juliane. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Morais Mariuba, Luís André. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Brito, Walter Ricardo. Universidad Federal del Amazonas.; Brasi

Detection of free circulating Epstein-Barr virus DNA in plasma of patients with Hodgkin’s disease

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Free circulating Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA is often present in the plasma of Hodgkin’s disease patients. The aim here was to evaluate the prevalence of this finding, its correlation with the immunohistochemical expression of LMP-1 (latent membrane protein 1) and the influence of other clinical factors. DESIGN AND SETTING: Prospective study in two public tertiary institutions: Hematology Service, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, and Oncology Service, Instituto Nacional do Câncer, Rio de Janeiro. METHODS: A cohort of 30 patients with newly diagnosed Hodgkin’s disease was studied. The control group consisted of 13 healthy adult volunteers. EBV DNA was determined by conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: The median age was 28 years, and 16 patients were women. Advanced disease was present in 19 patients, and six were HIV-positive. EBV DNA was present in the plasma of 13 patients and one control (43% versus 8%, p = 0.03). EBV DNA prevalence was higher in HIV-positive patients (100% versus 29%, p = 0.0007) and those with advanced disease (63% versus 9%, p = 0.006). Among HIV-negative patients alone, EBV DNA prevalence remained higher in those with advanced disease. EBV DNA was found in 10/11 patients with LMP-1 expression in the lymph nodes, and in 3/19 without LMP-1 expression (kappa coefficient = 0.72). CONCLUSION: EBV DNA was present in 91% of patients with EBV-associated Hodgkin’s disease, and in all patients with HIV-associated Hodgkin’s disease. EBV DNA prevalence was higher in patients with advanced disease, irrespective of HIV status