Truth Degrees Theory and Approximate Reasoning in 3-Valued Propositional Pre-Rough Logic

By means of the function induced by a logical formula A, the concept of truth degree of the logical formula A is introduced in the 3-valued pre-rough logic in this paper. Moreover, similarity degrees among formulas are proposed and a pseudometric is defined on the set of formulas, and hence a possible framework suitable for developing approximate reasoning theory in 3-value logic pre-rough logic is established

Solvent-Free Plasticity and Programmable Mechanical Behaviors of Engineered Proteins

Biopolymeric networks with plasticity show great competences in diverse fields owing to the combined biocompatible and mechanical characteristics. However, to realize such plasticity external complicated treatments, e.g., UV or organic solvent have to be applied, which in turn impair the biological nature and even mechanical properties of those systems. To address this challenge, one new type of anhydrous protein liquid crystalline (LC) gels, which exhibit flexible morphological plasticity and mechanical programmability is demonstrated. Supramolecular interactions in the smectic biogels play an important role for their high plasticity. Remarkably, the samples exhibit outstanding mechanical behaviors. The tensile strength and Young's modulus at MPa levels are comparable or even higher than chemically cross-linked hydrogels and LC elastomers. More importantly, mechanical programmability of the LC gels is achieved by genetically tuning the charge density of protein backbones. Consequently, the mechanical performance is manipulated in the range of one order of magnitude. Thus, this type of anhydrous protein LC gels offers great opportunities for load-bearing high-tech applications

Automatic identification and analysis of cells using digital holographic microscopy and Sobel segmentation

Counting and analyzing of blood cells, as well as their subcellular structures, are indispensable for understanding biological processes, studying cell functions, and diagnosing diseases. In this paper, we combine digital holographic microscopy with cell segmentation guided by the Sobel operator using Dice coefficients for automatic threshold selection and aimed to automatic counting and analysis of blood cells in flow and different kinds of cells in the static state. We demonstrate the proposed method with automatic counting and analyzing rat red blood cells (RBCS) flowing in a microfluidic device, extracting quickly and accurately the size, concentration, and dry mass of the sample in a label-free manner. The proposed technique was also demonstrated for automatic segmentation of different cell types, such as COS7 and Siha. This method can help us in blood inspection, providing pathological information in disease diagnosis and treatment

Loss of Abhd5 Promotes Colorectal Tumor Development and Progression by Inducing Aerobic Glycolysis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition

How cancer cells shift metabolism to aerobic glycolysis is largely unknown. Here, we show that deficiency of a/b-hydrolase domain-containing 5 (Abhd5), an intracellular lipolytic activator that is also known as comparative gene identification 58 (CGI-58), promotes this metabolic shift and enhances malignancies of colorectal carcinomas (CRCs). Silencing of Abhd5 in normal fibroblasts induces malignant transformation. Intestine-specific knockout of Abhd5 in ApcMin/+ mice robustly increases tumorigenesis and malignant transformation of adenomatous polyps. In colon cancer cells, Abhd5 deficiency induces epithelial-mesenchymal transition by suppressing the AMPKa-p53 pathway, which is attributable to increased aerobic glycolysis. In human CRCs, Abhd5 expression falls substantially and correlates negatively with malignant features. Our findings link Abhd5 to CRC pathogenesis and suggest that cancer cells develop aerobic glycolysis by suppressin