Twisted conjugacy in braid groups

In this note we solve the twisted conjugacy problem for braid groups, i.e. we propose an algorithm which, given two braids $u,v\in B_n$ and an automorphism $\phi \in Aut (B_n)$, decides whether $v=(\phi (x))^{-1}ux$ for some $x\in B_n$. As a corollary, we deduce that each group of the form $B_n \rtimes H$, a semidirect product of the braid group $B_n$ by a torsion-free hyperbolic group $H$, has solvable conjugacy problem

Predicting Working Memory and Fluid Intelligence from Measures of Musicality

The relationship between musicality and cognitive abilities has been a popular topic in the media and among researchers over the last 25 years. Research has been inconsistent on whether musicality influences performance on non-musical complex tasks, such as measures of working memory and fluid intelligence. Inconsistencies regarding results between studies have arisen partly due to differences in sample and task selection, in addition to conflicting interpretations of results. Consequently, we conducted an individual differences investigation on the prediction of working memory (tonal, verbal, and visuospatial) and fluid intelligence by measures of musicality (formal years of musicality training, musical sophistication, melodic memory, and beat perception). Using correlational and regression approaches, the results showed that individual measures of musicality did not predict performance on each complex cognitive measure uniformly. These results suggest that relationships between musicality and cognitive abilities can be potentially influenced by measurement selection, and musical experiences and abilities underlie cognitive abilities differentially. Further exploration is needed to understand how and why these relationships occurred

La evolución de los factores de localización de actividades

Las teorías clásicas de localización de actividades se han centrado en factores de corte economista que implicaban modelos deterministas. La transformación de la actividad económica ha puesto de relieve la importancia de factores más aleatorios como la posibilidad de conexión, la accesibilidad potencial, las rentas indirectas y la posibilidad de acceso a la innovación. Estudiar como estos cambios relevan la importancia de las redes de comunicación, transporte y energía, es el objeto de la tesina. Las tareas básicas de la tesina son: describir el enfoque economista clásico y la clasificación que hace de actividades; estudiar los nuevos factores de localización industrial, de vivienda, de servicios, de oficinas, etc; ver la importancia que adquieren en los nuevos enfoques la oferta de redes de infraestructuras; analizar el como se resumen parte de los enfoques en la variable precio del suelo; apuntar las lineas nuevas de investigación y efectuar conclusiones

Bebidas energéticas y adolescentes

Las bebidas energéticas son refrescos carbonatados compuestos por al-tos niveles de cafeína y azúcares libres, junto a otras sustancias que aumentan su poder estimulante. Su consumo se ha disparado en la última década gracias a un fuerte mar-keting y a su alta disponibilidad, especialmente entre los adolescentes, los cuales des-conocen sus características y sus posibles efectos secundariosGrado en Medicin

ITERL: A Wireless Adaptive System for Efficient Road Lighting

This work presents the development and construction of an adaptive street lighting system that improves safety at intersections, which is the result of applying low-power Internet of Things (IoT) techniques to intelligent transportation systems. A set of wireless sensor nodes using the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.15.4 standard with additional internet protocol (IP) connectivity measures both ambient conditions and vehicle transit. These measurements are sent to a coordinator node that collects and passes them to a local controller, which then makes decisions leading to the streetlight being turned on and its illumination level controlled. Streetlights are autonomous, powered by photovoltaic energy, and wirelessly connected, achieving a high degree of energy efficiency. Relevant data are also sent to the highway conservation center, allowing it to maintain up-to-date information for the system, enabling preventive maintenance.Consejería de Fomento y Vivienda Junta de Andalucía G-GI3002 / IDIOFondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional G-GI3002 / IDI

The past, present, and future in antinuclear antibodies (ANA)

Autoantibodies are a hallmark of autoimmunity and, specifically, antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) are the most relevant autoantibodies present in systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs). Over the years, different methods from LE cell to HEp-2 indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), solid-phase assays (SPAs), and finally multianalyte technologies have been developed to study ANA-associated SARDs. All of them provide complementary information that is important to provide the most clinically valuable information. The identification of new biomarkers together with multianalyte platforms will help close the so-called "seronegative ga" and to correctly classify and diagnose patients with SARDs. Finally, artificial intelligence and machine learning is an area still to be exploited but in a next future will help to extract patterns within patient data, and exploit these patterns to predict patient outcomes for improved clinical management

Value efficiency analysis of health systems: does public financing play a role?

Aims/Background: This study measures the performance of the health system in 165 countries and its relationship with public financing. Methods: We use value efficiency analysis (VEA), a refinement of data envelopment analysis (DEA), to measure the efficiency of the health systems using data on healthy life expectancy and disability adjusted life years as health outcomes. Expenditure on health and education are used as inputs to the health system. Results: The group of high income OECD countries shows the largest indexes of efficiency and also the lowest dispersion. In contrast, low income countries also have the most inefficient health systems, which implies that there are more opportunities for improvement. The average efficiency score is 0.96 for high income countries, 0.83 for upper-middle income countries, 0.86 for lower-middle income countries and only 0.76 for low income countries. Only 17 countries have a score equal to 1 and therefore are completely efficient and can be taken as referents. The index of efficiency is found to be positively associated with government expenditure on health as a percentage of total expenditure on health. Conclusions: The analysis of the results shows that the public share in health expenditure and the weight of health expenditure in public budgets are two factors positively associated with the performance of the health systems. The study also highlights the advantages of using VEA over DEA in the measurement of performance

Analysis of Required Investigations of Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders in Spain

Musculoskeletal disorders (MSD) are the most common source of occupational health problems in Western countries. In Spain, musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) can be reported either as accidents or occupational diseases. When reported as an occupational disease, a full diagnosis is performed, as the compensation system needs the approval of the social security authority and a mandatory investigation has to be performed. Although many methods are available for investigating the causes of occupational accidents, occupational diseases have not been analysed with the same depth, and there is a lack of investigation methods. This paper aims to analyse the role of 43 occupational investigations of causes of musculoskeletal diseases in the prevention cycle. This study is based on the occupational investigations performed by workplaces’ occupational health and safety specialists when musculoskeletal diseases are reported. The analysis of the data involves descriptive statistics and the Φ coeffcient. Based on administrative data, 68 workplaces employing 15,260 workers were surveyed and 41 workplaces with 13,201 workers submitted valid questionnaires to be analysed. The most frequent cause of reported musculoskeletal disease, in terms of primary risk, is repetitive movement. The only proposed measure with a significant association to the exposure by repetitive movements is job rotation (alternating workers between tasks within a job or between activities as a means to vary different levels of exposure). The investigation of occupational diseases has been useful in most of the cases for proposing preventive measures. Most of the workplaces surveyed have performed investigations and adopted preventive measures, but the managers of some workplaces were not aware of any disease notification regarding their workers when surveyed. More research is needed to provide tools for this important task

Twisted conjugacy in braid groups

In this note we solve the twisted conjugacy problem for braid groups, i.e. we propose an algorithm which, given two braids u, v ∈ Bn and an automorphism ϕ ∈ Aut(Bn), decides whether v = (ϕ(x))−1ux for some x ∈ Bn. As a corollary, we deduce that each group of the form Bn o H, a semidirect product of the braid group Bn by a torsion-free hyperbolic group H, has solvable conjugacy problem.Ministerio de Educación y CienciaJunta de AndalucíaFondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regiona

Coupling of geophone in the ocean bottom

We can obtain the performance of the geophone in the sediment to know its coupling in the bottom sea. This paper is about the parameters of coupling in order to obtain the response of geophone through the frequency and the amplitude of the vibrations. The use of the shake table permits to obtain the transfer function of coupling between the geophone and the sediment sea without using a detailed model of interaction OBS/seabed