Absence of Fragmentation in Two-Dimensional Bose-Einstein Condensation

We investigate the possibility that the BEC-like phenomena recently detected on two-dimensional finite trapped systems consist of fragmented condensates. We derive and diagonalize the one-body density matrix of a two-dimensional isotropically trapped Bose gas at finite temperature. For the ideal gas, the procedure reproduces the exact harmonic-oscillator eigenfunctions and the Bose distribution. We use a new collocation-minimization method to study the interacting gas in the Hartree-Fock approximation and obtain a ground-state wavefunction and condensate fraction consistent with those obtained by other methods. The populations of the next few eigenstates increase at the expense of the ground state but continue to be negligible; this supports the conclusion that two-dimensional BEC is into a single state.Comment: 6 pages, 1 figur

Closing the Sex-Based Differences in Stroke Care: Insights from a Large Telestroke Network on Treatment and Postacute Management

Background: The evolution of ischemic stroke is different accordin'g to sex and is one of the main causes of death in women. Previous studies have shown that women are less likely to receive acute treatment, and stroke center type is an important predictor of door-to-needle times. We investigated whether women are attended in a similar way to men in the telestroke network with specialized stroke physicians. Methods: A prospective registry of ischemic strokes recorded in the centralized Andalusian telestroke network was analyzed, focusing on sex differences. Demographic data, clinical characteristics, neuroimaging data, treatment intervals, follow-up visits, and clinical outcomes were collected. Results: A total of 3009 suspected stroke patients were attended to in the telestroke network from 2019 to 2023, of which 42.74% were women. Women were older (p < 0.001) and less independent upon arrival (p = 0.006) than men. There was no difference in the treatment received or in the treatment time intervals between the groups. Importantly, there was no difference in modified Rankin scale scores at 3 months between sexes. At 3 months post-stroke follow-up, women had fewer imaging tests (p = 0.018) and fewer outpatient visits (p < 0.001) than men. Conclusions: No significant difference between men and women has been found in the acute treatment of stroke in a large telestroke network. However, the same is not true for the follow-up and management of patients after the acute phase. This fact supports that strict adherence to protocols and specialization of care lead to equal care that avoids sex differences in stroke treatment and functional outcomes