Sudskomedicinska problematika iz oblasti toksikologije u lekarskoj praksi

At the Institute for Forensic Medicine in Nis forensic and other medical specialists work together in solving medical, legal and forensic problems which concern lethal and nonlethal poisonings caused by unintentional or intentional :intake into the body of poisonous chemical substances. The failures which happen in such expertises are discussed in order to find out the reason for their occurrence, to illustrate the consequences and also to propose measures for their removal.Na teritoriji koju pokriva Institut za sudsku medicinu u Nišu, u rešavanju medicinskih, pravnih i sudsko-medicinskih problema vezanih za nesmrtna i smrtna trovanja nastala nenamernim ili namernim unošenjem hemijskih supstancija kao otrova spolja (u telo), pored lekara sudskomedicinske struke angažuju se kao veštaci i drugi lekari. Autori u svom prikazu ističu uočene propuste ovakvih veštačenja sa ciljem da se ukaže na njihovu prirodu i pojavu, na uzroke nastajanja i štetne posledice koje izazivaju, kao i predlog mera za njihovo otklanjanje

Comparing NDVI and Corine Land Cover as Tools for Improving National Forest Inventory Updates and Preventing Illegal Logging in Serbia

National forest inventories (NFIs) in Serbia have been carried out very rarely (every 20 years), while the last two official estimates of forest areas (for 2011 and 2014) are very imprecise, because they are based on the cadastral data (and Serbia is well known for the lack of cadastre updating). Although forest conservation policymakers in Serbia still have limited financial, human, and political resources, over the past two decades, publicly available, remotely sensed satellite data on deforestation and degradation have dramatically reduced evaluation costs. Since municipalities in Southern Serbia experienced a 15% loss of forest area in the 2006–2014 period, as the obvious result of forceful, rapid process of illegal logging, this study evaluates the possible use of two remote sensing techniques: normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and CORINE land cover (CLC) databases for preventing illegal logging in Serbia. It clearly shows that NDVI is very promising for Serbia and also for other post-socialist countries that very rarely carry out national forest inventories (NFIs), and where unrecorded, illegal logging can exceed the legal harvest by a factor of 10

Synthesis for Polynomial Lasso Programs

We present a method for the synthesis of polynomial lasso programs. These programs consist of a program stem, a set of transitions, and an exit condition, all in the form of algebraic assertions (conjunctions of polynomial equalities). Central to this approach is the discovery of non-linear (algebraic) loop invariants. We extend Sankaranarayanan, Sipma, and Manna's template-based approach and prove a completeness criterion. We perform program synthesis by generating a constraint whose solution is a synthesized program together with a loop invariant that proves the program's correctness. This constraint is non-linear and is passed to an SMT solver. Moreover, we can enforce the termination of the synthesized program with the support of test cases.Comment: Paper at VMCAI'14, including appendi

Absorbing-state phase transitions with extremal dynamics

Extremal dynamics represents a path to self-organized criticality in which the order parameter is tuned to a value of zero. The order parameter is associated with a phase transition to an absorbing state. Given a process that exhibits a phase transition to an absorbing state, we define an ``extremal absorbing" process, providing the link to the associated extremal (nonabsorbing) process. Stationary properties of the latter correspond to those at the absorbing-state phase transition in the former. Studying the absorbing version of an extremal dynamics model allows to determine certain critical exponents that are not otherwise accessible. In the case of the Bak-Sneppen (BS) model, the absorbing version is closely related to the "$f$-avalanche" introduced by Paczuski, Maslov and Bak [Phys. Rev. E {\bf 53}, 414 (1996)], or, in spreading simulations to the "BS branching process" also studied by these authors. The corresponding nonextremal process belongs to the directed percolation universality class. We revisit the absorbing BS model, obtaining refined estimates for the threshold and critical exponents in one dimension. We also study an extremal version of the usual contact process, using mean-field theory and simulation. The extremal condition slows the spread of activity and modifies the critical behavior radically, defining an ``extremal directed percolation" universality class of absorbing-state phase transitions. Asymmetric updating is a relevant perturbation for this class, even though it is irrelevant for the corresponding nonextremal class.Comment: 24 pages, 11 figure

The effect of aminoguanidine, an inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, on AlCl3 toxicity in the rat hippocampus

The presented experiment was carried out to determine the effectiveness of the inducible nitric oxide synthase inhibitor - aminoguanidine in modulating the toxicity of aluminum chloride on the nitrite levels, malondialdehyde concentration, reduced glutathione content, as well as cytochrome c oxidase activity of Wistar rats. The animals were killed 3 h and 30 days after treatment and the hippocampus was removed. The biochemical results show that aluminum acts as a pro-oxidant, while aminoguanidine exerts an antioxidant action in aluminum chloride-treated animals. We have also applied immunohistochemical techniques to identify iNOS expression after the treatment. Our data suggest that aminoguanidine can be effective in the protection of toxicity induced by aluminum chloride.U eksperimentu je određivana efikasnost inhibitora inducibilne forme azot oksid sintaze - aminogvanidina, u modulaciji toksičnosti aluminijum hlorida na nivo nitrita, koncentraciju malondialdehida, sadržaj redukovanog glutationa, kao i aktivnost citohrom c oksidaze kod Wistar pacova. Životinje su dekapitovane 3 časa i 30 dana nakon odgovarajućeg tretmana i izolovan je hipokampus. Rezultati dobijeni na biohemijskom nivou pokazuju da aluminijum deluje kao pro-oksidant, dok aminogvanidin pokazuje antioksidativno dejstvo kod životinja tretiranih aluminijum hloridom. Pored toga, korišćene su i imunohistohemijske tehnike za identifikaciju iNOS ekspresije, 3 časa nakon primene odgovarajućeg tretmana. Naši rezultati pokazuju da aminogvanidin može sprečiti toksičnost indukovanu aluminijum hloridom.nul

Theoretical and experimental analysis of dynamic processes of pipe branch for supply water to the Pelton turbine

The paper presents the results of the analysis of pipe branch A6 to feed the Hydropower Plant ”Perućica” with integrated action Pelton turbines. The analysis was conducted experimentally (tensometric) and numerically. The basis of the experimental research is the numerical finite element analysis of pipe branch A6 in pipeline C3. Pipe branch research was conducted in order to set the experiment and to determine extreme stress states. The analysis was used to perform the determination of the stress state of a geometrically complex assembly. This was done in detail as it had never been done before, even in the design phase. The actual states of the body pipe branch were established, along with the possible occurrence of water hammer accompanied by the appearance of hydraulic oscillation. This provides better energetic efficiency of the turbine devices. [Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR35049 and br. TR 33040