Utilization of Thermophilic Aerobic Oxidation and Electrocoagulation to Improve Fertilizer Quality from Mixed Manure Influent

Thermophilic aeration and electrochemical reactions are well-established methods for wastewater treatment to reduce metallic content, organic and inorganic matter, turbidity, coloration, and nutrient levels. In this study, thermophilic aerobic oxidation (TAO) and electrocoagulation (EC) were implemented together to improve the quality of liquid fertilizer by reducing the nutrient load and toxicity of swine manure. The influent in this study was prepared by mixing anaerobic digestate and liquid swine manure at a 1:9 ratio and treating it for 3 days at 50–60 °C in a field-scale TAO system. The TAO effluent was then processed in an EC reactor for 180 min with a 30 V electric supply through two sets of iron and aluminum hybrid electrodes. The combined TAO and EC processes led to a germination index of 133% using the final efflux. The high retention of important nutrients such as total nitrogen and potassium, combined with the 100% reduction in heavy metals, over 60% reduction in trace minerals, and 89% reduction in pollutants in the final product, helped to achieve a higher germination index. Overall, the combination of TAO and EC was demonstrated to be an effective technique for enhancing the quality of liquid fertilizer derived from swine manure.</jats:p

Utilization of Thermophilic Aerobic Oxidation and Electrocoagulation to Improve Fertilizer Quality from Mixed Manure Influent

Thermophilic aeration and electrochemical reactions are well-established methods for wastewater treatment to reduce metallic content, organic and inorganic matter, turbidity, coloration, and nutrient levels. In this study, thermophilic aerobic oxidation (TAO) and electrocoagulation (EC) were implemented together to improve the quality of liquid fertilizer by reducing the nutrient load and toxicity of swine manure. The influent in this study was prepared by mixing anaerobic digestate and liquid swine manure at a 1:9 ratio and treating it for 3 days at 50&ndash;60 &deg;C in a field-scale TAO system. The TAO effluent was then processed in an EC reactor for 180 min with a 30 V electric supply through two sets of iron and aluminum hybrid electrodes. The combined TAO and EC processes led to a germination index of 133% using the final efflux. The high retention of important nutrients such as total nitrogen and potassium, combined with the 100% reduction in heavy metals, over 60% reduction in trace minerals, and 89% reduction in pollutants in the final product, helped to achieve a higher germination index. Overall, the combination of TAO and EC was demonstrated to be an effective technique for enhancing the quality of liquid fertilizer derived from swine manure

Utilization of Thermophilic Aerobic Oxidation and Electrocoagulation to Improve Fertilizer Quality from Mixed Manure Influent

Thermophilic aeration and electrochemical reactions are well-established methods for wastewater treatment to reduce metallic content, organic and inorganic matter, turbidity, coloration, and nutrient levels. In this study, thermophilic aerobic oxidation (TAO) and electrocoagulation (EC) were implemented together to improve the quality of liquid fertilizer by reducing the nutrient load and toxicity of swine manure. The influent in this study was prepared by mixing anaerobic digestate and liquid swine manure at a 1:9 ratio and treating it for 3 days at 50–60 °C in a field-scale TAO system. The TAO effluent was then processed in an EC reactor for 180 min with a 30 V electric supply through two sets of iron and aluminum hybrid electrodes. The combined TAO and EC processes led to a germination index of 133% using the final efflux. The high retention of important nutrients such as total nitrogen and potassium, combined with the 100% reduction in heavy metals, over 60% reduction in trace minerals, and 89% reduction in pollutants in the final product, helped to achieve a higher germination index. Overall, the combination of TAO and EC was demonstrated to be an effective technique for enhancing the quality of liquid fertilizer derived from swine manure

An Experimental Method for Evaluating Ammonia Emission Rates of Bio-Curtain

Bio-curtain (i.e., curtain) is a permeable cover equipped with a spraying system for ammonia (NH3) control in a swine facility. Previous studies investigated the NH3 reduction effects primarily based on concentration units. It is challenging to determine the actual efficiency because of the large amount of air discharged through the large surface of the curtain, and external wind rapidly dilutes and disperses the exhausted air. Therefore, this study investigates a technique to evaluate the NH3 reduction effect of the curtain in terms of emission rate. We constructed a metallic cover with a single hole around the curtain to gather the air discharged through it. The NH3 reduction effect was calculated by comparing the NH3 emission rate that was monitored in the barn exhaust fan and at the single hole of metallic cover during the non-spray and spray treatments inside the curtain at the maximum and minimum operating rate of the barn’s exhaust fan. NH3 emission rates declined both non-spray and spray at the minimum operation rate of the barn exhaust fan, but the reduction effect was higher in spray conditions than non-spray. Accumulating NH3-absorbed water inside the curtain under the low ventilation of the exhaust fan caused these circumstances.</jats:p

An Experimental Method for Evaluating Ammonia Emission Rates of Bio-Curtain

Bio-curtain (i.e., curtain) is a permeable cover equipped with a spraying system for ammonia (NH3) control in a swine facility. Previous studies investigated the NH3 reduction effects primarily based on concentration units. It is challenging to determine the actual efficiency because of the large amount of air discharged through the large surface of the curtain, and external wind rapidly dilutes and disperses the exhausted air. Therefore, this study investigates a technique to evaluate the NH3 reduction effect of the curtain in terms of emission rate. We constructed a metallic cover with a single hole around the curtain to gather the air discharged through it. The NH3 reduction effect was calculated by comparing the NH3 emission rate that was monitored in the barn exhaust fan and at the single hole of metallic cover during the non-spray and spray treatments inside the curtain at the maximum and minimum operating rate of the barn’s exhaust fan. NH3 emission rates declined both non-spray and spray at the minimum operation rate of the barn exhaust fan, but the reduction effect was higher in spray conditions than non-spray. Accumulating NH3-absorbed water inside the curtain under the low ventilation of the exhaust fan caused these circumstances