Correlated Equilibrium and the Pricing of Public Goods.

Lindahl equilibrium is an application of price-taking behavior to achieve efficiency in the allocation of public goods. Such an equilibrium requires individuals to be strategically naive, i.e., Lindahl equilibrium is not incentive compatible. Correlated equilibrium is defined precisely to take account of strategic behavior and incentive compatibility. Using the duality theory of linear programming, we show that these two seemingly disparate notions can be combined to give a public goods, Lindahl pricing characterization of efficient correlated equilibria. We also show that monopoly theory can be used to characterize inefficient correlated equilibria.

The unemployment gender gap during the 2007 recession

Women fared decidedly better than men during the most recent recession. By August 2009, the unemployment rate for men had hit 11.0 percent, while that for women held at 8.3 percent. This 2.7 percentage point unemployment gender gap--the largest in the postwar era--appears to reflect two factors: first, men were much more heavily represented in the industries that suffered the most during the downturn. Second, there was a much sharper increase in the percentage of men who--prompted, perhaps, by a decline in household liquidity--rejoined the labor force but failed to find a job.Labor market ; Women - Employment ; Employment ; Recessions ; Unemployment

The Manga \u3cem\u3eAttack on Titan\u3c/em\u3e as a Literary Medium

Attack on Titan is a globally celebrated Japanese manga written and illustrated by Hajime Isayama. The manga has sold over 110 million copies worldwide, garnering several awards which have cemented its enormous success. The narrative is set in the early nineteenth century, when a small portion of humanity has been forced to live behind gigantic walls that protect them from enormous, human-like titans who feast on human flesh. It is through the events that take place in Attack on Titan that the reader can reflect critically on topics relevant today, such as racism, genocide, and revenge through the formal ways that manga presents complex narrative in an accessible, visual format to readers

Correlated Equilibrium and the Pricing of Public Goods

Lindahl equilibrium is an application of price-taking behavior to achieve efficiency in the allocation of public goods. Such an equilibrium requires individuals to be strategically naive, i.e., Lindahl equilibrium is not incentive compatible. Correlated equilibrium is defined precisely to take account of strategic behavior and incentive compatibility. Using the duality theory of linear programming, we show that these two seemingly disparate notions can be combined to give a public goods, Lindahl pricing characterization of efficient correlated equilibria. We also show that monopoly theory can be used to characterize inefficient correlated equilibria

Is the worst over? Economic indexes and the course of the recession in New York and New Jersey

The New York-New Jersey region entered a pronounced downturn in 2008, but the pace of decline eased considerably in spring 2009 and then leveled off in July, according to three key Federal Reserve Bank of New York economic indexes. These developments, in conjunction with a growing consensus that the national economy is headed for recovery, suggest that the worst may be over for the region's economy. However, a downsizing of the area's critical finance sector could pose a major risk to the economic outlook going forward--particularly for New York City.Federal Reserve Bank of New York ; Federal Reserve District, 2nd ; Economic conditions ; Economic indicators

Nitric Oxide Signaling Triggered by the Rheumatoid Arthritis–Shared Epitope

Many immune-mediated diseases are associated with particular MHC class I or class II alleles. In rheumatoid arthritis (RA-shared), the vast majority of patients possess HLA-DRB1 alleles encoding a shared epitope, which is a five–amino acid sequence motif in positions 70–74 of the HLA-DRΒ chain. The mechanistic basis for this association is unknown. Here we discuss recent evidence suggesting that the shared epitope may act as an allele-specific ligand that triggers increased nitric oxide (NO) production in opposite cells with resultant immune dysregulation. We propose that by doing that, the RA-shared shared epitope may form an unintended bridge between the innate and adaptive immune systems, thereby allowing aberrant signaling events that could trigger disease.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/72272/1/annals.1423.009.pd