4,771 research outputs found
Letter to John Butler and Eliza (Smith) Butler from Joseph Butler and Jane Butler
Joseph and Jane Butler send condolences for Berryman Murphy\u27s death, and describe sickness in Iowa
1. Enabling Rapid Capture of Information Technology Opportunities: A Study of Opportunity Management in a Supply Chain
PERCEPTION OF ACCENTS AND DIALECTS IN ADULTS AND INFANTS
This thesis has been undertaken with the purpose of investigating how adult speech
processing systems are affected by. and how they cope with, the presence of different
regional and foreign accents in speech, and to investigate the developmental origins of
adult accent perception capabilities.
Experiments 1 to 4 were designed to investigate the long term effects of exposure to
different accents, and whether short term adaptation to an accent was possible, using
a lexical decision task. The results demonstrated an effect of accent familiarity but no
short term adaptation was evident. Experiments 5 to 7 investigated the short term
effects of accents by looking at the length of activation of accent-related information in
working memory by using a cross-modal matching task. The results found that
selective accent related effects were reduced after a 1500 millisecond delay.
Experiments 8 to 11 investigated infants' discrimination abilities for regional and
foreign accents using a preferential looking habituation method, and found infants at 5
and 7 months could discriminate their own accent from another, unfamiliar regional
accent, but could not discriminate two unfamiliar regional accents at 5 months or a
foreign accent from their own at 7 months. Experiments 12 and 13 investigated how
accents affected infants' word segmentation abilities with continuous speech at 10
months, and found that segmentation was impaired in the presence of regional and
foreign accents.
Using these results, the Accent Training Model (ATP) is proposed, which attempts to
explain how accent related indexical information is processed in the speech processing
system. The findings of the infant studies further our understanding of the effect of
indexicat variation in early speech perception
Letter to Brother and Sister from Joseph Butler
Joseph Butler describes the health of his family and his intention to move from Dutch Creek somewhere farther south. The letter mentions hearing from the family in Oregon, mostly about the war with the Indians
Letter to Brother and Sister from Joseph Butler
A letter from Joseph Butler discussing national political news of the next President and the Black Republicans. He mentions a visit from James Butler and a new baby in the family
Practical Hidden Voice Attacks against Speech and Speaker Recognition Systems
Voice Processing Systems (VPSes), now widely deployed, have been made
significantly more accurate through the application of recent advances in
machine learning. However, adversarial machine learning has similarly advanced
and has been used to demonstrate that VPSes are vulnerable to the injection of
hidden commands - audio obscured by noise that is correctly recognized by a VPS
but not by human beings. Such attacks, though, are often highly dependent on
white-box knowledge of a specific machine learning model and limited to
specific microphones and speakers, making their use across different acoustic
hardware platforms (and thus their practicality) limited. In this paper, we
break these dependencies and make hidden command attacks more practical through
model-agnostic (blackbox) attacks, which exploit knowledge of the signal
processing algorithms commonly used by VPSes to generate the data fed into
machine learning systems. Specifically, we exploit the fact that multiple
source audio samples have similar feature vectors when transformed by acoustic
feature extraction algorithms (e.g., FFTs). We develop four classes of
perturbations that create unintelligible audio and test them against 12 machine
learning models, including 7 proprietary models (e.g., Google Speech API, Bing
Speech API, IBM Speech API, Azure Speaker API, etc), and demonstrate successful
attacks against all targets. Moreover, we successfully use our maliciously
generated audio samples in multiple hardware configurations, demonstrating
effectiveness across both models and real systems. In so doing, we demonstrate
that domain-specific knowledge of audio signal processing represents a
practical means of generating successful hidden voice command attacks
Diamondback Terrapin Population Distribution and Nesting Areas in Coastal Georgia
The terrapin population range is small and the research is scarce. Surveil of the entire Georgia coast is the overarching goal of the research and the past four years have already resulted in 60% percent of the state completed and 1500 records accomplished. Coverage of the coastline will be continued in 2019 in the southernmost county, Cambden, and in 2020 completing the research in the northernmost county, Chathman. Diamondback terrapins are the only turtle to prefer brackish water habitats and are the first to be affected by sea level rising. Crab pots are a main factor in terrapin mortality. When they are collected, it is too late for the terrapin because they have already drowned (Butler and Heinrich 2007). Shoreline hardening makes it impossible for terrapins to journey onto land because they cannot cross the large rocks or cement walls. The work will be carried out utilizing a 16 foot Carolina skiff to navigate into rivers and creeks searching for evidence of terrapin presence. Capturing a live terrapin is not necessary. Evidence is found in the form of surfacing heads, intact and depredated nests, terrapin remains, live terrapins, and crawls (trails). One of the primary goals of the main conservation body of turtles; The Diamondback Terrapin Working Group (www.dtwg.org), is to identify the remaining locations of nesting and terrapin population so accurate management and categorization of terrapin information is carried out. We will create ARCGIS maps that illustrate geolocations reflecting our findings, and aid future researchers
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