46 research outputs found
Epidemiology and Hospital Course of Patients With Acute Salpingitis and Coincident HIV
Objective: To compare the epidemiology and hospital course of
patients with acute salpingitis with and without coincident human immunodeficiency
virus (HIV) seropositivity
Tuberculosis in Pregnancy
Tuberculosis (TB) during pregnancy and in the perinatal period was once considered to be an
infrequent event in the United States. After a decade of steady decline, however, the disease has
begun a resurgence. According to the CDC, a 20% increase in the number of reported cases
occurred between 1985 and 1992. The factors associated with this increase are the emergence of
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the development of drug-resistant organisms,
substance abuse, homelessness, and immigration. Environmental factors promoting transmission
can be found in overcrowded areas such as correctional facilities, nursing homes, hospitals, and
migrant-worker camps. For a large number of medically underserved women, the obstetrician is
the only interface with medical care, as most of these patients do not have primary-care providers.
It is important, therefore, that health-care providers recognize the clinical symptoms of TB and
follow the recognized guidelines for antenatal screening for TB because the omission of these steps
can lead to potentially disastrous sequelae in the fetus and neonate
Parvovirus B-19 Infection During Pregnancy
The development of an acute parvovirus B-19 infection during pregnancy can cause pregnancy complications ranging from early pregnancy loss to nonimmune hydrops. There is no treatment, but preventive measures can be used to decrease perinatal mortality. The diagnosis is made on the basis of clinical suspicion and serology. If the fetus exhibits hydrops in the latter part of pregnancy, the main treatment options include either correcting the associated anemia with intrauterine blood transfusion or birth with extrauterine management. Although the serious problems associated with this virus during pregnancy are uncommon, they can be fatal. In view of this, a pregnant woman who is antibody negative should try to avoid contact with large groups of young children in order to decrease contact with potential vectors
Septic Pelvic Thrombophlebitis: Diagnosis and Management
Septic pelvic thrombophlebitis (SPT) was initially diagnosed and described in the late 1800's. The entity had a high incidence and mortality during this period of time, and a surgical therapeutic approach was the treatment of choice. Since then, the diagnosis, incidence, and management of the entity evolved. This evolution followed the development of newer diagnostic tools such as computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and a better understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease. The treatment of SPT has had significant changes as well, from a surgical approach at the end of the 19th century to a medical approach after the 1960's. By using an adequate broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy, mortality has decreased. However, controversy in the management of this entity remains even till today
Varicella vaccination during early pregnancy: a cause of in utero miliary fetal tissue calcifications and hydrops?
BACKGROUND: It is the purpose of this article to describe a suspected association of inadvertent vaccination with varicella vaccine during early pregnancy with the subsequent development of in utero miliary fetal tissue calcifications and fetal hydrops detected by sonogram at 15 weeks of gestation. CASE: This is a case presentation of a pregnant patient who received varicella vaccination during the same menstrual cycle that she became pregnant, and is supplemented by a literary review. The fetus developed miliary fetal tissue calcifications and fetal hydrops detected by a targeted sonogram at 15 weeks gestation. CONCLUSION: Varicella vaccination during early pregnancy may be a cause of miliary fetal tissue calcifications and fetal hydrops
Cytomegalovirus Hepatitis During Pregnancy
Background: Although cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an uncommon cause of viral hepatitis during pregnancy, a definitive diagnosis is important because of the potential for congenital CMV. In the case reported here, a diagnosis of hepatitis caused by CMV was made after the more common viral pathogens had been ruled out
Epidemiology of Sexually Transmitted Diseases Among Pregnant Adolescents
Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the
epidemiology of sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) among pregnant adolescents
An Unusual Case of Urinary Tract Infection in a Pregnant Woman With Photobacterium damsela
We describe a case of a urinary tract infection with an unusual pathogen, Photobacterium damsela, in a pregnant female. This pathogen has been described as having a virulent life threatening nature, so a detailed history and prompt treatment is needed
Epidemiology and Clinical Outcome of Patients Hospitalized With Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Complicated by Tubo-Ovarian Abscess
Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the clinical outcome and characteristics of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) complicated by tubo-ovarian abscess (TOA) with PID
without TOA