Summarized localization results for different window lengths.

<p>FPR refers to average false positive detection rate.</p

A block diagram of the procedure for calculating (or ).

<p> is a 10 ⋅ <i>F</i>_s × <i>N</i> matrix of the ECoG recordings; is a matrix of the pre-processing output; is the estimated causal-influence graph (of size <i>N</i> × <i>N</i>); <b>s</b> is the vector of scores generated by the (variant of the) PageRank ranking process; is a 2000 ⋅ <i>F</i>_s × <i>N</i> matrix used to create the empirical distributions; and, is a set of electrodes inferred to be the SOZ.</p

Exemplary recorded signals for data-set Study_016.

<p>The sampling rate is 500 Hz, while the block length is 10 seconds. (a) An ictal block. (b) A (randomly sampled) rest block.</p

Localization results for data-set HUP87_phaseII.

<p>The EOI nodes are marked by a <i>bold annulus</i>, whereas the nodes detected by our proposed algorithm are marked by solid brown circles. This is a successful localization, with <i>V</i>_p = 0.037.</p

Localization results for data-sets I001_P034_D01 to Study_010.

<p>The EOI nodes are marked by a <i>bold annulus</i>, whereas the nodes detected by our proposed algorithm are marked by solid brown circles. (a) (<i>Top left</i>) Localization results for data-set I001_P034_D01. This is a successful localization, with <i>V</i>_p = 0. Note that in in this data-set, even though node 6A–6B are mentioned in the report, their recordings are missing from the data-set. (b) (<i>Top right</i>) Localization results for data-set Study_004-2. This is a successful localization, with <i>V</i>_p = 0. (c) (<i>Bottom left</i>) Localization results for data-set Study_006. This is a successful localization, with <i>V</i>_p = 0.069. (d) (<i>Bottom right</i>) Localization results for data-set Study_010. This is a successful localization, with <i>V</i>_p = 0.071.</p

Summarized localization results for different inference methods.

<p>Net-flow refers to the inference algorithm used in [<a href="http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005953#pcbi.1005953.ref016" target="_blank">16</a>, <a href="http://www.ploscompbiol.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1005953#pcbi.1005953.ref017" target="_blank">17</a>]. Top 5% refers to choosing the nodes with the highest scores (top 5%). In both cases the graph is estimated using the methodology of the proposed algorithm. Proposed Algorithm refers to the algorithm proposed in the current paper. FPR refers to average false positive detection rate.</p

Summarized localization results for different graph estimation methods.

<p>GC refers to estimating the graph using <i>only</i> Granger causality, DI refers to estimating the graph using <i>only</i> <i>k</i>-NN DI estimation, and Proposed Algorithm refers to the algorithm proposed in the current paper. FPR refers to average false positive detection rate.</p

Patient information.

<p>ALT—Anterior left temporal, BL—Bilateral left, RF—Right frontal, RT—Right temporal, LO—Left occipital, LF—Left frontal, LP—Left perirolandic, MTS—Mesial temporal sclerosis, CP—complex-partial, CPG—complex partial with secondary generalization, GA—Generalized atonic, SP—Simple partial, NF—No follow-up, NR—No resection.</p

High-level block diagram of the proposed algorithm.

<p> and are the inferences (set of electrodes) from the DI-Graph and the GC-Graph, respectively; <i>ϕ</i> denotes the empty set; and is the final set of inferred electrodes.</p

Localization results for data-sets HUP65_phaseII to HUP78_phaseII.

<p>The EOI nodes are marked by a <i>bold annulus</i>, whereas the nodes detected by our proposed algorithm are marked by solid brown circles. (a) (<i>Top left</i>) Localization results for data-set HUP65_phaseII. This is a successful localization, with <i>V</i>_p = 0. (b) (<i>Top right</i>) Localization results for data-set HUP65_phaseII. This is a successful localization, with <i>V</i>_p = 0. (c) (<i>Bottom left</i>) Localization results for data-set HUP70_phaseII. This is a successful localization, with <i>V</i>_p = 0. (d) (<i>Bottom right</i>) Localization results for data-set HUP78_phaseII. This is a successful localization, with <i>V</i>_p = 0.053.</p