Energy consumption (kWh), freshwater demand (m³), and labour (hr) per day during Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the production cycle and for the entire production cycle (PC) in the recirculating hatchery system with (CW) and without (X) use of integrated constructed wetland.

<p>Energy consumption (kWh), freshwater demand (m³), and labour (hr) per day during Phase 1 and Phase 2 of the production cycle and for the entire production cycle (PC) in the recirculating hatchery system with (CW) and without (X) use of integrated constructed wetland.</p

Ammonia and nitrite concentration and fresh water demand during operation of the recirculating hatchery system with and without constructed wetland (CW) for mean and maximum biomass, and an estimated potential maximum RHS capacity.

<p>Ammonia and nitrite concentration and fresh water demand during operation of the recirculating hatchery system with and without constructed wetland (CW) for mean and maximum biomass, and an estimated potential maximum RHS capacity.</p

Schematic of recirculating hatchery system with the integrated constructed wetland: 1—fish tanks, 2—biofiltration/sedimentation unit, 3—circulation pump, 4—retention tank, 5—fresh water inlet, 6—ball valve, 7—constructed wetland (with the detail of water flow through tanks).

<p>Four water sampling sites are labelled: IF—inlet to fish tanks, OF—outlet from fish tanks, OB—outlet from biofilter, ICW—inlet to constructed wetland, OCW—outlet from constructed wetland, OP—outflow pipes, CP—connecting pipes for subsurface flow.</p

Economic value of constructed wetland (CW) use in a recirculating hatchery system compared to operation without CW with different numbers of eyed eggs as initial stock per production cycle (PC).

<p>The mean final weight of fingerlings is based on the calculated possible maximum final biomass in the hatchery system. The price of fingerling is based on real prices at the study site. The annual price of fingerlings assumes four production cycles (PC) per year.</p><p><b>*</b> Converted from real fingerling prices of trout farm at the study site.</p><p>Economic value of constructed wetland (CW) use in a recirculating hatchery system compared to operation without CW with different numbers of eyed eggs as initial stock per production cycle (PC).</p