6,551 research outputs found

    Determinants of FDI in Latin America

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    In this paper we study the determinants of inflows of foreign capital in Latin American countries. We consider the usual factors included in other studies in the literature: market size, infrastructure development, and wages. To obtain a improved measure of market size we adjust GDP by a poverty factor. In addition, we consider indicators of openness of the economy, macroeconomic stability, human capital and the importance of natural resources. We also studied the effects of privatizations. The results obtained provide important guidelines on how a country can attract more foreign direct investment.

    Space VLBI Observations of 3C371

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    We present the first space VLBI observations of 3C~371, carried out at a frequency of 4.8 GHz. The combination of the high resolution provided by the orbiting antenna Highly Advanced Laboratory for Communications and Astronomy (HALCA) and the high sensitivity of the VLBA allows imaging of the jet of 3C~371 with an angular resolution of approximately 0.26 mas, which for this relatively nearby source corresponds to \sim 0.4 h1^{-1} pc. Comparison between two epochs separated by 66 days reveals no apparent motions in the inner 7 mas jet structure above an upper limit of 1.4h1\sim 1.4 h^{-1} c. This value, the absence of detectable counterjet emission from the presumably symmetric jet, plus the presence of extended double-lobe structure, are consistent with the knots in the jet being stationary features such as standing shocks. The jet intensity declines with the angular distance from the core as ϕ1.68\phi^{-1.68}. This is more gradual than that derived for 3C~120, ϕ1.86\phi^{-1.86}, for which there is evidence for strong intereactions between the jet and ambient medium. This suggests that in 3C~371 there is a greater level of {\it in situ} acceleration of electrons and amplification of magnetic field. We interpret sharp bends in the jet at sites of off-center knots as further evidence for the interaction between the jet and external medium, which may also be responsible for the generation of standing recollimation shocks. These recollimation shocks may be responsible for the presumably stationary components. The radio properties of 3C~371 are intermediate between those of other radio galaxies with bright cores and those of BL Lacertae objects.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap

    Valuación financiera y económica de la instalación de una planta productora e industrializadora de maracuyá en la península de Santa Elena, sector Chongón

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    El presente artículo demuestra la factibilidad financiera y económica de un proyecto agroindustrial, el cual consiste en el desarrollo de una planta productora y procesadora de maracuyá ubicada en la Península de Santa Elena, específicamente en la zona de Chongón. Adicionalmente tratamos de demostrar las bondades que ofrece el proyecto agroindustrial, tanto a los propietarios como a los inversionistas, esto mediante una adecuada rentabilidad y la generación de flujos que garanticen una Tasa Interna de Retorno (T.I.R) altamente atractiva en comparación a cualquier otra opción de inversión en el mercado, así como la recuperación segura de los fondos financiados por los inversionistas en un plazo adecuado y razonable

    Water uptake and transport in lianas and co-occurring trees of a seasonally dry tropical forest

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    Water uptake and transport were studied in eight liana species in a seasonally dry tropical forest on Barro Colorado Island, Panama. Stable hydrogen isotope composition (δD) of xylem and soil water, soil volumetric water content (θv), and basal sap flow were measured during the 1997 and 1998 dry seasons. Sap flow of several neighboring trees was measured to assess differences between lianas and trees in magnitudes and patterns of daily sap flow. Little seasonal change in θv was observed at 90–120 cm depth in both years. Mean soil water δD during the dry season was −19‰ at 0–30 cm, −34‰ at 30–60 cm, and −50‰ at 90–120 cm. Average values of xylem δD among the liana species ranged from –28‰ to –44‰ during the middle of the dry season, suggesting that water uptake was restricted to intermediate soil layers (30–60 cm). By the end of the dry season, all species exhibited more negative xylem δD values (–41‰ to –62‰), suggesting that they shifted to deeper water sources. Maximum sap flux density in co-occurring lianas and trees were comparable at similar stem diameter (DBH). Furthermore, lianas and trees conformed to the same linear relationship between daily sap flow and DBH. Our observations that lianas tap shallow sources of soil water at the beginning of the dry season and that sap flow is similar in lianas and trees of equivalent stem diameter do not support the common assumptions that lianas rely primarily on deep soil water and that they have higher rates of sap flow than co-occurring trees of similar stem size
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