1,747 research outputs found
Portuguese quality wine and the region-of-origin effect: consumers' and retailers' perceptions
This study investigates the relative importance of region of origin associated with extrinsic (price, brand, promotion) and intrinsic (grape, type of wine, colour, age, special references) cues in the decisions of final consumers and small retailers to buy Portuguese quality wine. In order to attain this goal we conducted a survey through face-to-face interviews in the Minho region. The results show that the dominant factor of influence in the acquisition of wine is the region of origin, both for final consumers and small retailers. Despite its importance, brand was not the principal variable to influence consumers’ wine choice, while price has been regarded as a less important extrinsic quality cue. One interesting result is the type of wine (“maduro” or “verde”) which seems to be the most preferred intrinsic cue for final consumers and small retailers. The findings also indicate that the regions of Alentejo, Douro and Verde are clearly the leaders in terms of customer acceptance.
Portuguese olive oil and the price of regional products: does designation of origin really matter?
Resources (tangible and intangible) can be mobilised to increase region’s reputation and confer a competitive advantage to certain products with origin in that region. The returns of a region’s resources depend upon the ability of local firms to appropriate the rents earned and whether the consumers value the characteristics of the region that are associated with the product, being disposed to pay a price premium. The results we got through the estimation of a hedonic price function, which relates the price of portuguese regional olive oil to its various attributes, provided empirical support to this idea. The study shows that designation of origin, producer’s brand and olive oil characteristics (biological and mixed with herbs) have strong impact on price. Specifically, olive oil from regions of “Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro”, “Beiras e Ribatejo” and “Alentejo” are expected to have price premiums relative to other olive oil without region indication (base category). It also allows to conclude that olive oil acidity has a negative impact on price.
Territory and regional products: an attempt to evaluate the effects of territory information on product price
Regions are not mere geographical spaces, being also endowed with specific resources that can be mobilized to increase local producer’s value. Experimental research on Portuguese wine prices contradicted this idea, since region of origin information highlighted on the label or the brand does not have significant impact on price. Even when compared with other product attributes, region of origin information, as a whole, is generally of low importance. However, other product attributes like colour (red wine), age (more than 3 years) and special attributes (grape or reserve) all have positive effects on price.
An investigation of the relationship between counterfeiting and culture: evidence from the European Union
International counterfeiting affects adversely producers, consumers and domestic economies. Some attempts have been made in the last years by international organisations (European Union, World Trade Organisation) to deal with this complex problem. Though some success has been achieved, the number of seizures of counterfeited goods detected in the external borders of EU has increased. This study examines the impact of Hofstede’s cultural variables (power distance, individualism, masculinity, uncertainty avoidance) on the level of counterfeiting in European countries.
the case study of Guimarães
To date few studies have been undertaken in Portugal dealing with the attitudes, motivations, and profile of tourists
who visit World Heritage Sites. Also, few studies have dealt with destination image (e.g., Agapito, Mendes & Valle, 2010;
Lopes, 2011). As far as it is known, none have approached the issue of gender differences in the choice of a Portuguese
heritage destination.
Since cultural tourism destinations need to differentiate themselves from each other, appropriate market segmentation
must be based on a deep understanding of the customers’ motivations and preferences. Keeping in mind results from
empirical literature (e.g., Silberberg, 1995; Beerli & Martin, 2004; Richards, 2004; Pérez, 2009; Sheng, Shen, & Chen,
2008), gender seems to be a possible approach to market segmentation, whether for Guimarães or for other cultural
tourism destinations around the world.
Located in the north-western region of Portugal, Guimarães is a city of strong symbolic and cultural significance, and the
nomination of its historical centre as a World Heritage Site in 2001 enhanced its tourism potential. This study analyses
the possible relation between gender and attitudes and motivations towards a World Heritage Site, such as Guimarães.
Additionally, the empirical approach used in the study tries to capture differences in the perceived attributes of the city.
Commonalities and distinctions within and between groups of tourists, by focusing on the specific characteristic of gender,
were analysed.
The study addressed two main questions: first, whether males and females have similar or different preferences in choosing
the city as their destination; and, second, whether there are gender differences in the perception of the attributes of
Guimarães. A better understanding of the gendered nature of the destination is a valuable cue for shaping products and
services according to visitors’ preferences
Business micro-location: factors, preferences and indicators to assess the influence factors
The paper presents a study on business micro-location behaviour as well as corresponding
factors of influence, conducted in two metropolitan areas, Bucharest-Ilfov (Romania) and
Greater Porto (Portugal). By business micro-location we refer to a specific site such as a
building or facility, accommodating a business within a small, compact geographical area
(e.g. metropolitan area). At this geographical scale, the macroeconomic layer factors were
excluded, applicable when discern between regions or countries. The factors derived from
location theory and previous empirical studies were surveyed, completing a cross-sectional
analysis in order to find out the specific weights of the location factors and preferences, by
region and by industry. Based on already established firms’ feedback on location, the specific
weights were granted by each industry to the main location factors, types of areas, and types
of accommodation facilities. The authors also suggested a model to integrate these results
into a Geographical Information System (GIS)
comparisons of the pre-and post 2012
. Residents tend to have high expectations about the benefits of hosting a mega‐event. So, it was
not surprising that the nomination of Guimarães, Portugal, as the 2012 European Capital of Culture (2012
ECOC) had raised great expectations in the local community towards its socio‐economic and cultural
benefits. The present research was designed to examine the Guimarães residents’ perceptions on the
impacts of hosting the 2012 ECOC approached in two different time schedules, the pre‐ and the post‐event,
trying to capture the evolution of the residents` evaluation of its impacts. For getting the data, two surveys
were applied to Guimarães` residents, one in the pre‐event phase, in 2011, and another in the post‐event
phase, in 2013. This approach is uncommonly applied to Portugal data and it is even the first time it was
done to a Portuguese European Capital of Culture. After a factor analysis, the results of t‐tests indicate that
there were significant differences (p<0.05) between the samples from the pre‐ and post‐2012 ECOC on two
positive impact factors (Community’ benefits and Residents’ benefits) and one negative impact factor
(Economic, social and environmental costs). Respondents also showed a negative perception of the impacts
in all dimensions, except Changes in habits of Guimarães residents. Os residentes tendem a ter grandes expectativas sobre os benefícios de acolherem uma mega
evento. Por isso, não surpreende que a designação de Guimarães como Capital Europeia da Cultura em 2012
(2012 ECOC) tenha criado grandes expectativas para a comunidade local em relação aos benefícios
sócioeconómicos e culturais. Este estudo analisa a perceção dos residentes de Guimarães sobre os impactos
do acolhimento da Capital Europeia da Cultura em 2012. Esta análise é realizada em dois períodos, o antes e
depois do evento, procurando captar a evolução da avaliação dos impactos pelos residentes. Os dados foram
recolhidos através de duas sondagens administradas aos residentes de Guimarães, uma na fase antes do
evento, em 2011, a outra na fase pós evento, em 2013. Esta abordagem é raramente usada em Portugal,
sendo a primeira realizada a uma Capital Europeia da Cultura. Depois da análise fatorial os resultados dos
testes t indicam que existem diferenças significativas (p<0.05) entre as amostras dos dois períodos do
evento. Dois fatores tiveram impacto positivo (Benefícios para a comunidade e residentes) e um impacto
negativo (Custos económicos sociais e ambientais). Os inquiridos também manifestaram uma perceção
negativa dos impactos em todas as dimensões, exceto “Mudança nos hábitos dos residentes de Guimarães”
Ex-ante evaluation by the media of the Guimarães 2012 European Capital of Culture
The nomination of Guimarães to host the 2012 European Capital of Culture (ECC) has
put on the agenda of the city the need of measuring the effects that the implementation of
this mega event could have in it and in the municipality a whole. The balance of the benefits
and costs and an extended community involvement tend to reduce negative impacts and
enhance positive ones. This chapter analyzes the involvement of population and local
associations in the planning and organization of the 2012 Guimarães European Capital of
Culture, using the coverage made during 2011 by local and national press of the mega
event. A content analysis of the news published covering the period between January and
December 2011 and using three newspapers was conducted. From those, two were local
and weekly newspapers and one was a national daily one. Looking to data results, it can be
concluded that it was poor the community involvement and, also, the one of the cultural
associations in the organizations of the 2012 ECC. A strong negative reaction to the model
choose to plan the mega event conducted by official organizers was found, which has cast
doubts on the desirable participation of the residents and, consequently, on the success of
the mega event, especially in a perspective of a medium and long term effects
Perfil do empreendedor social em Portugal
Com esta investigação pretende-se compreender o perfil
do empreendedor social em Portugal, tomando como referência o
caso da Bolsa de Valores Sociais. Para estudar as características
psicográficas e demográficas que os mentores destes projetos
apresentam, a investigação adota um método quantitativo, através
de um inquérito por questionário on-line. Para o tratamento e a
análise dos dados foram aplicadas técnicas de análise descritiva e
de redução de dados (análise fatorial por componentes principais).
A investigação sugere que a par de uma componente inata, os
fatores demográficos, contingenciais ao indivíduo, influenciam a
criação de projetos sociais.
Os dados revelam que os empreendedores sociais partilham de
traços de personalidade comuns, apresentando um perfil marcado
por um elevado nível de extroversão, de abertura à experiência e
de conscenciosidade. A análise de dados revela uma forte presença
de empreendedores do género feminino e com idades
compreendidas entre os 18 e 55 anos. Verifica-se que os
empreendedores sociais possuem um elevado nível de formação e
em diferentes quadrantes científicos. São indivíduos que antes de
se envolverem no lançamento do projeto social na maioria dos
casos se encontravam empregados (em particular no setor sem fins
lucrativos e no setor empresarial) e satisfeitos com a sua situação
ocupacional. A maioria dos indivíduos não possui uma experiência
empreendedora anterior (não tendo nem o indivíduo, nem os seus
pais, criado previamente qualquer tipo de organização), embora
maioritariamente possuam experiência na gestão de organizações.
O desenvolvimento do projeto não é precedido por grandes
mudanças na vida pessoal do empreendedor, surgindo o contacto
com a questão social frequentemente anos antes da decisão de
criação da iniciativa e sendo comum que o indivíduo tenha tido um
envolvimento anterior em outros projetos sociais
uma análise baseada em experiências anteriores
A nomeação de Guimarães como Capital Europeia da Cultura (CEC), em 2012, suscitou grandes expectativas
na comunidade local, nos territórios limítrofes e, de um modo geral, na população portuguesa.
No entanto, muitos dos potenciais impactos são ainda pouco perceptíveis pela maior parte das pessoas, se
bem que muitas delas antecipem que os impactos sejam positivos.
A presente comunicação pretende aferir, de forma prospectiva, os possíveis impactos do acolhimento
por Guimarães da CEC, em 2012. Por referência a experiências anteriores de organização de outras CEC,
procura-se identificar alguns dos efeitos, em termos de atracção de turistas (nacionais e internacionais), das
actividades culturais programadas, disponibilidades orçamentais e audiências, bem como aferir do potencial
impacto económico e do legado do evento para o futuro da cidade.
Com base na análise efectuada, pode concluir-se que Guimarães CEC 2012 oferece um potencial
de atracção para o Norte do país e região da Galiza, possui um orçamento, por habitante,
comparável a outras CEC e beneficia do empenhamento dos agentes locais. Menos positiva é
a distância da cidade a dois dos principais destinos turísticos nacionais (Lisboa e Algarve), a
extensão da programação cultural do evento, o fraco envolvimento dos agentes culturais locais
no programa de actividades do evento e a inexistência de espaços museológicos de referência
internacional. Em contrapartida, destaca-se a existência de ligações aéreas de baixo custo a várias
cidades Europeias através do aeroporto do Porto, a possibilidade de reposicionar a imagem
da cidade ao nível nacional e internacional, a disponibilização de fundos para a revitalização urbana
do centro histórico e o aumento esperado do número de turistas (nacionais e estrangeiros).
A recessão económica (nacional e Europeia), as dificuldades orçamentais, a pouca ambição da
política de angariação de patrocínios e de recursos financeiros privados e a sustentabilidade
do evento no futuro são algumas ameaças que poderão comprometer o sucesso de Guimarães
CEC 201
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