Using ensembles for accurate modelling of manufacturing processes in an IoT data-acquisition solution

The development of complex real-time platforms for the Internet of Things (IoT) opens up a promising future for the diagnosis and the optimization of machining processes. Many issues have still to be solved before IoT platforms can be profitable for small workshops with very flexible workloads and workflows. The main obstacles refer to sensor implementation, IoT architecture, and data processing, and analysis. In this research, the use of different machine-learning techniques is proposed, for the extraction of different information from an IoT platform connected to a machining center, working under real industrial conditions in a workshop. The aim is to evaluate which algorithmic technique might be the best to build accurate prediction models for one of the main demands of workshops: the optimization of machining processes. This evaluation, completed under real industrial conditions, includes very limited information on the machining workload of the machining center and unbalanced datasets. The strategy is validated for the classification of the state of a machining center, its working mode, and the prediction of the thermal evolution of the main machine-tool motors: the axis motors and the milling head motor. The results show the superiority of the ensembles for both classification problems under analysis and all four regression problems. In particular, Rotation Forest-based ensembles turned out to have the best performance in the experiments for all the metrics under study. The models are accurate enough to provide useful conclusions applicable to current industrial practice, such as improvements in machine programming to avoid cutting conditions that might greatly reduce tool lifetime and damage machine components.Projects TIN2015-67534-P (MINECO/FEDER, UE) of the Ministerio de Economía Competitividad of the Spanish Government and projects CCTT1/17/BU/0003 and BU085P17 (JCyL/FEDER, UE) of the Junta de Castilla y León, all of them co-financed through European-Union FEDER funds

Comportamiento de la mortalidad infantil en el periodo de 2011 al 2019 en Mayabeque

Introducción: A nivel internacional, un indicador de la calidad de vida de un país, es las tasas de mortalidad infantil. Objetivo: Caracterizar el comportamiento epidemiológico de la mortalidad infantil en la provincia Mayabeque. Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, en la provincia Mayabeque. El universo de estudio fue los 189 niños fallecidos, menores de un año en el periodo de 2011 al 2019. Las variables estudiadas fueron: nacidos vivos, mortalidad infantil por meses y municipios; mortalidad acumulada y proporcional, según los componentes, la edad gestacional y el peso al nacer; causas básicas de la muerte. La información se obtuvo de encuestas a familiares de los fallecidos y los certificados de defunción. Se confeccionó la base de datos, la distribución de números absolutos, porcientos y tasas. Resultados: Se observó una tendencia al incremento de los fallecidos, a partir del año 2015, sobresalieron el 2013 con una tasa de 6.3 x 1000 nv y el 2018 con 5.9 x 1000 nv. Los municipios de mayor incidencia fueron: Güines, 20.11 % y San José, 19.58 %. Predominaron las causas infecciosas con una tasa de 1.5 x 1000 nv y las hemorragias Interventriculares, tasa 0.7 x 1000 nv. Prevaleció el componente neonatal precoz con una tasa 2.9 x 1000 nv. Conclusiones: La tasa de mortalidad infantil tiene resultados desfavorables en el periodo analizado; existen municipios que presentan tasas por encima de la media provincial. Se requiere en la provincia de proyecciones de trabajo efectivas para modificar este indicador de salud

Behavior of infancy mortality from 2011 to 2019 in Mayabeque

Introducción:A nivel internacional, un indicador de la calidad de vida de un país, es las tasas de mortalidad infantil. Objetivo:Caracterizar el comportamiento epidemiológico de la mortalidad infantil en la provincia Mayabeque. Método:Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo, en la provincia Mayabeque. El universo de estudio fue los 189 niños fallecidos, menores de un año en el periodo de 2011 al 2019. Las variables estudiadas fueron: nacidos vivos, mortalidad infantil por meses y municipios; mortalidad acumulada y proporcional, según los componentes, la edad gestacional y el peso al nacer; causas básicas de la muerte. La información se obtuvo de encuestas a familiares de los fallecidos y los certificados de defunción. Se confeccionó la base de datos, la distribución de números absolutos, porcientos y tasas. Resultados: Se observó una tendencia al incremento de los fallecidos, a partir del año 2015, sobresalieron el 2013 con una tasa de 6.3 x 1000 nv y el 2018 con 5.9 x 1000 nv. Los municipios de mayor incidencia fueron: Güines, 20.11 % y San José, 19.58 %. Predominaron las causas infecciosas con una tasa de 1.5 x 1000 nv y las hemorragias Interventriculares, tasa 0.7 x 1000 nv. Prevaleció el componente neonatal precoz con una tasa 2.9 x 1000 nv. Conclusiones:La tasa de mortalidad infantil tiene resultados desfavorables en el periodo analizado; existen municipios que presentan tasas por encima de la media provincial. Se requiere en la provincia de proyecciones de trabajo efectivas para modificar este indicador de salud. Introduction:An indicator of life quality at international level, is the childish mortality rate.Objective:To characterize the behavior of childish mortality from in Mayabeque.Methods:An observational, descriptive, retrospective study was carried out in Mayabeque province. The universe under study was formed by 189 deceased children, younger than one year old in the period from 2011 to 2019. The studied variables were: alive born children, childish mortality by months and municipalities; accumulated and proportional mortality, according to the components, gestational age and newborn weight; basic causes of death. The information was obtained by surveys to relatives to the deceased children and death certificates. A data base was performed, the distribution of absolute numbers, percentages and rates.Results:A tendency to the increasing of deceased children has been observed, since 2015, 2013 with a rate of 6.3 x 1000 alive born children and the 2018 with 5.9 x 1000. The municipalities with highest incidence were: Güines, 20.11 % and San José, 19.58 %. The infectious causes prevails with a rate 1.5 x 1000 and interventricular hemorrhages, rate 0.7 x 1000. The early neonatal component prevailed with a rate of 2.9 x 1000 alive born children.Conclusions:The infancy mortality rate has unfavorable results in the analyzed period; there are municipalities that present rates higher than the average rate of the province. It is necessary that the province provides effective working projections to modify this health indica

Mapping the scientific structure of organization and management of enterprises using complex networks

Understanding the scientific and social structure of a discipline is a fundamental aspect for scientific evaluation processes, identifying trends and niches, and balancing the trade-off between exploitation and exploration in research. In the present contribution, the production of doctoral theses is used as a proxy to analyze the scientific structure of the knowledge area of business organization in Spain. To that end, a complex networks approach is selected, and two different networks are built: (i) the social network of co-participation in thesis examining committees and thesis supervision, and (ii) a bipartite network of theses and thesis descriptors. The former has a modular structure that is partially explained by thematic specialization in different subdisciplines. The latter serves to assess the interdisciplinary structure of the discipline, as it enables the characterization of affinity levels between fields, research poles and thematic clusters. Our results have implications for the scientific evaluation and formal definition of related fields.Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (RED2018-102518-T), the Spanish State Research Agency (PID2020-118906GB-I00 and PID2020-119894GB-I00 via AEI/10.13039/501100011033), the Junta de Castilla y León – Consejería de Educación (BU055P20), Fundación La Caixa (2020/00062/001) and from NVIDIA Corporation and its donation of the TITAN Xp GPUs that facilitated this research. This work was partially supported by the European Social Fund, as the authors José Miguel Ramírez-Sanz, José Luis Garrido-Labrador and Alicia Olivares-Gil are the recipient of a predoctoral grant from the Department of Education of Junta de Castilla y León (VA) (ORDEN EDU/875/2021). In addition, this work was also partially supported by the Generalitat Valenciana via its Conselleria de Innovación, Universidades, Ciencia y Sociedad Digital, as Adrián Arnaiz is recipicient of a predoctoral grant

Oral and dental health status in patients with eating disorders in Madrid, Spain

The aim of the present study was to describe and compare the oral and dental health status of two groups, one diagnosed with eating disorders (EDs), and another group without this pathology, assessing the following oral manifestations: dental alterations, periodontal disorders, soft tissue disorders, non-stimulated salivary flow, and oral pH. This comparative transversal epidemiological study included 179 participants, of whom 59 were diagnosed with EDs (Eating Disorder Group: EDG) and 120 had no antecedents of EDs (No Eating Disorder Group: NEDG). All patients fulfilled the following inclusion criteria: women aged over 18 years, diagnosed with an ED by a specialist, patients who had undergone at least 1 year monitoring by the Clinical Nutrition Unit, and had not received any periodontal treatment during the previous 6 months. Both groups were homogeneous in terms of sex, age, education, and socioeconomic level. Oral exploration was performed, registering clinical variables, as well as sociodemographic and socioeconomic data, oral hygiene habits, and smoking. Statistical significance was established as p 95%). The dental erosion (DE) was the most significative feature of dental alterations. The degree of DE was significantly greater in the EDG (p<0.001). A significant association between soft tissue lesions and EDs was found (p<0.001) A notable difference in non-stimulated salivary flow was found between the groups (p<0.001). No significant differences between the groups were found for periodontal status, dental caries, or oral hygiene practices. On the basis of the results obtained, it is necessary to carry out oral/dental examination as soon as an ED is diagnosed with regular check-ups thereafter

Effect of plant extracts on the inhibition of the mycelial growth of Penicilium citrinum Link

Objective: Evaluate in vitro plant extracts of three plant species: mistletoe (Psittacanthus spp.), skunk grass (Petiveria alliacea) and ginger (Zingiber officinale), to determine the inhibitory effect on mycelial growth of Penicilliun citrinum isolated from coffee beans. Design/methodology/approach: Filtrations were performed under aseptic conditions using a vacuum system. These were added to the Potato Dextrose Agar medium, once solidified a 5 mm disc of P. citrinum was placed in the center of the Petri dish. Results: The ethyl plant extracts showed inhibition of (100%) on the development of the pathogen as well as the chemical product. Findings/conclusions: Ethyl plant extracts can be an agroecological alternative to control P. citrinum.Objective: To evaluate in vitro plant extracts of three plant species —mistletoe (Psittacanthus spp.), guinea hen weed (Petiveria alliacea), and ginger (Zingiber officinale)— with the aim of determining their inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of Penicilliun citrinum isolated from coffee beans.Design/Methodology/Approach: Filtrations were carried out under aseptic conditions using a vacuum system and were added to the Potato Dextrose Agar medium. Once it had solidified, a 5-mm disc of P. citrinum was placed in the center of the Petri dish.Results: The ethyl plant extracts, like the chemical product, showed a 100% inhibition on the pathogen development.Findings/Conclusions: Ethyl plant extracts can be an agroecological alternative for the control of P. citrinum

Actualización de las recomendaciones para la determinación de biomarcadores en el carcinoma de pulmón avanzado de célula no pequeña. Consenso Nacional de la Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica y de la Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica

En el año 2011 se inició un proyecto conjunto entre la Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica (SEOM) y la Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica (SEAP) para establecer unas recomendaciones basadas en la evidencia actual con respecto a la determinación de biomarcadores en pacientes con carcinoma de pulmón de célula no pequeña (CPCNP) avanzado. La mayoría de estas recomendaciones siguen siendo válidas; sin embargo, existen nuevas evidencias que hacen necesaria la actualización de algunos aspectos. En concreto, se modifica la recomendación de qué biomarcadores hay que analizar y en qué pacientes, y se define el manejo óptimo de la muestra tumoral así como las características del material mínimo necesario para la determinación de biomarcadores. Además, se revisan las técnicas adecuadas para la determinación de las mutaciones de EGFR y el reordenamiento de ALK, y se consensúa en qué situaciones se debe llevar a cabo una re-biopsi

A Low-Cost System Using a Big-Data Deep-Learning Framework for Assessing Physical Telerehabilitation: A Proof-of-Concept

The consolidation of telerehabilitation for the treatment of many diseases over the last decades is a consequence of its cost-effective results and its ability to offer access to rehabilitation in remote areas. Telerehabilitation operates over a distance, so vulnerable patients are never exposed to unnecessary risks. Despite its low cost, the need for a professional to assess therapeutic exercises and proper corporal movements online should also be mentioned. The focus of this paper is on a telerehabilitation system for patients suffering from Parkinson’s disease in remote villages and other less accessible locations. A full-stack is presented using big data frameworks that facilitate communication between the patient and the occupational therapist, the recording of each session, and real-time skeleton identification using artificial intelligence techniques. Big data technologies are used to process the numerous videos that are generated during the course of treating simultaneous patients. Moreover, the skeleton of each patient can be estimated using deep neural networks for automated evaluation of corporal exercises, which is of immense help to the therapists in charge of the treatment programs.This work was supported by project PI19/00670 of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the NVIDIA Corporation and its donation of the TITAN Xp GPU used in this research. In addition, this work was partially supported by the European Social Fund, as the authors José Miguel Ramírez-Sanz, José Luis Garrido-Labrador, and Alicia Olivares-Gil are the recipients of a pre-doctoral grant (EDU/875/2021) from the Conserjería de Educación de la Junta de Castilla y León

Adopting a multidisciplinary telemedicine intervention for fall prevention in Parkinson’s disease. Protocol for a longitudinal, randomized clinical trial

Approximately 40–70% of people with Parkinson’s disease (PD) fall each year, causing decreased activity levels and quality of life. Current fall-prevention strategies include the use of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies. To increase the accessibility of this vulnerable population, we developed a multidisciplinary telemedicine program using an Information and Communication Technology (ICT) platform. We hypothesized that the risk for falling in PD would decrease among participants receiving a multidisciplinary telemedicine intervention program added to standard office-based neurological care.This work was supported by the project PI19/00670 of the Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacio´n y Universidades, Instituto de Salud Carlos II, Spain. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of NVIDIA Corporation and its donation of the TITAN Xp GPUs used in this research

Metsäkoneurakoitsijoiden mielipide työssäoppijoiden työelämätaidoista

Tämä tutkimus on tehty selvittämään Tampereen ammattiopiston metsäkonealan koulutusta, jota annetaan Kurun metsäoppilaitoksessa. Tutkimuksessa pyrittiin selvittämään työssäoppimisen kautta sitä, miten metsäkonealan työnantajat arvioivat koulutuksen antamat työelämävalmiudet ja mitä puutteita vastaajat mahdollisesti kokevat ja näkevät oppilaiden koulutuksessa. Aineisto tutkimukseen kerättiin kyselylomakkeen avulla, joka lähetettiin vastaajille postitse keväällä 2009. Tavoitteena oli, että saadun tiedon perusteella opetuksen niihin osiin, joissa koettiin puutteita, voitaisiin keskittää enemmän huomiota ja miettiä, mitä voitaisiin tehdä, jotta opiskelijoille ja työelämälle koituisi mahdollisimman paljon hyötyä osaamisen kasvamisena. Tutkimustulosten mukaan työnantajat olivat suurimmaksi osaksi tyytyväisiä oppilaiden taitoihin heidän saapuessaan työssäoppimisjaksolle. Työnantajien mielestä suurimmat puutteet opiskelijoilla olivat työskentelyssä tarvittavissa taidoissa, vastuussa sekä asenteessa työhön. Antamalla vastuullisia tehtäviä oppilaalle jo kouluaikana voitaisiin hänet saada ottamaan enemmän vastuuta omista tekemisistään. Jos halutaan palvella työlämää paremmin, tulisi tämän tutkimuksen perusteella saada oppilaalle opetettua riittävä taitotaso jo ennen työssäoppimisjaksolle siirtymistä. Tämä asettaa erityisiä vaatimuksia opetushenkilöstön osaamiselle niin ammattitaidollisesti kuin pedagogisestikin.This research has been made to show how effective Tampere Vocational school's forest machinery education given at Kuru Institute of Forestry is. The research was aimed at how the employers estimate the working life skills of forest machine drivers gained during in their education and what shortcomings the employers experience and see within the education system. The material was collected with the help of questionnaires sent to defendants by post in the summer of 2009. The aim based on information obtained, was to concentrate on areas where it was felt the shortcomings were and to consider what could be done so that students and the working life would benefit the most from increasing knowledge. According to the research results, the employers were mostly satisfied with the skills of the students starting their work placements, however; they felt that the biggest shortcomings were within skills needed whilst working i.e.: responsibility and attitude towards work. By giving tasks involving responsibility to students as early as possible in their education, they could be made to take more responsibility for their own actions. If the wish is to serve the working life better, the students, according to this study, should be taught adequate skills level before starting the work placement. This puts particular demands on the skills of the teaching personnel within both craftsmanship and pedagogical skills. Keywords: forest machinery driver education, work readiness, working skill