276 research outputs found
Density Power Spectrum in Turbulent Thermally Bi-stable Flows
In this paper we numerically study the behavior of the density power spectrum
in turbulent thermally bistable flows. We analyze a set of five
three-dimensional simulations where turbulence is randomly driven in Fourier
space at a fixed wave-number and with different Mach numbers M (with respect to
the warm medium) ranging from 0.2 to 4.5. The density power spectrum becomes
shallower as M increases and the same is true for the column density power
spectrum. This trend is interpreted as a consequence of the simultaneous
turbulent compressions, thermal instability
generated density fluctuations, and the weakening of thermal pressure force
in diffuse gas. This behavior is consistent with the fact that observationally
determined spectra exhibit different slopes in different regions. The values of
the spectral indexes resulting from our simulations are consistent with
observational values. We do also explore the behavior of the velocity power
spectrum, which becomes steeper as M increases. The spectral index goes from a
value much shallower than the Kolmogorov one for M=0.2 to a value steeper than
the Kolmogorov one for M=4.5.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in Ap
Three Essays on Strategic Human Capital, Managers and Competitive Advantage
In this dissertation, I investigate the interplay between strategic human capital and the role of managers in an organization. In Essay 1, using a natural experiment setting with a dataset on change of interdependence that an organization requires, and unexpected employee exit in a professional sports league for the period 1992 to 2010, I examine the consequence of losing strategically important human resources (HR) and shows that how specific organizational recovering techniques for dealing with HR can help the firmâs strategic renewal process. The data present that the consequential impact of losing employees is depending upon the type of interdependence that organization relies on, which are pooled interdependence and reciprocal interdependence. Furthermore, the results indicate that: (1) during the individual-focused period (pooled interdependence), loss of star employees harms organizational performance, but this harm can be mitigated by strong resource-picking skill, and (2) during the collaboration-focused period (reciprocal interdependence), loss of non-star employees harms organizational performance, but this harm can be mitigated by strong capability-building skill. In Essay 2, I try to answer following question: when promoted to management, do former star performers become superior managers? If so, why? Using performance data from a professional sports league, this study finds that organizational performance is greater under star-performers-turned-managers (SPTMâs) than other managers. Organizational performance is driven by the visibility of the managerâs prior career to employees for SPTMâs only, but driven by managerial competence for other managers only, suggesting a substitution effect between skill and inspirational role modeling. Consistent with social-comparison and self-enhancement theories, this inspirational role-modeling effect of SPTMâs on performance is contingent upon the need for self-enhancement by subordinates, and situational salience of the managerâs stardom. The results are consistent across robustness checks that control for potential selection issues, endogeneity concerns, and outliers. In Essay 3, I assess the causal impact of stakeholder orientation on the impact of corporate social responsibility and CEOsâ wealth and prominence. To obtain exogenous variation in stakeholder orientation, I exploit the enactment of state-level constituency statutes, which allow corporate executives and directors to consider non-shareholdersâ interests when making business decisions. Using a cross-section of Texan firms during 2002-2012, I have found that the enactment of constituency statutes leads to significant increases in the quality of a firmâs corporate social responsibility (CSR); however, the effect of CSR does not necessarily lead to superior firm performance or value. I further argue and provide evidence suggesting that the obligated stakeholder orientation decreases the impact of CSR on CEOsâ compensation but increases the impact of CSR on CEOsâ media exposure. Finally, I posit that the impact of non-shareholder orientation on CEOsâ wealth and prominence is salient in non-consumer-focused industries
Three-Dimensional Simulations of the Parker Instability in a Uniformly-rotating Disk
We investigate the nonlinear effects of uniform rotation on the Parker
instability in an exponentially-stratified disk through high-resolution
simulations. During the linear stage, the speed of gas motion is subsonic and
the evolution with the rotation is not much different from that without the
rotation. This is because the Coriolis force is small. During the nonlinear
stage, oppositely-directed supersonic flows near a magnetic valley are under
the influence of the Coriolis force with different directions, resulting in
twisted magnetic field lines near the valley. Sheet-like structures, which are
tilted with respect to the initial field direction, are formed with an 1.5
enhancement of column density with respect to its initial value. Even though
uniform rotation doesn't give much impact on density enhancement, it generates
helically twisted field lines, which may become an additional support mechanism
of clouds.Comment: 3 pages, uses rmaa.cls, to appear in Proc. of the Conference on
"Astrophysical Plasmas: Codes, Models and Observations", Eds. J. Franco, J.
Arthur, N. Brickhouse, Rev.Mex.AA Conf. Serie
Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulations of Thermal-Gravitational Instability in Protogalactic Halo Environment
We study thermal-gravitational instability in simplified models for
protogalactic halos using three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations. The
simulations followed the evolution of gas with radiative cooling down to T =
10^4 K, background heating, and self-gravity. Then cooled and condensed clouds
were identified and their physical properties were examined in detail. During
early stage clouds start to form around initial density peaks by thermal
instability. Small clouds appear first and they are pressure-bound.
Subsequently, the clouds grow through compression by the background pressure as
well as gravitational infall. During late stage cloud-cloud collisions become
important, and clouds grow mostly through gravitational merging.
Gravitationally bound clouds with mass M_c > ~6 X 10^6 Msun are found in the
late stage. They are approximately in virial equilibrium and have radius R_c =
\~150 - 200 pc. Those clouds have gained angular momentum through tidal torque
as well as merging, so they have large angular momentum with the spin parameter
~ 0.3. The clouds formed in a denser background tend to have smaller
spin parameters. We discuss briefly the implications of our results on the
formation of protoglobular cluster clouds in protogalactic halos. (abridged)Comment: To appear in ApJ 20 September 2005, v631 1 issue. Pdf with full
resolution figures can be downloaded from
http://canopus.cnu.ac.kr/ryu/baeketal.pd
Effects of Rotation on Thermal-Gravitational Instability in the Protogalactic Disk Environment
Thermal-gravitational instability (TGI) is studied in the protogalactic
environment. We extend our previous work, where we found that dense clumps
first form out of hot background gas by thermal instability and later a small
fraction of them grow to virialized clouds of mass M_c >~ 6X10^6 M_sun by
gravitational infall and merging. But these clouds have large angular momentum,
so they would be difficult, if not impossible, to further evolve into globular
clusters. In this paper, through three-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations in
a uniformly rotating frame, we explore if the Coriolis force due to rotation in
protogalactic disk regions can hinder binary merging and reduce angular
momentum of the clouds formed. With rotation comparable to the Galactic
rotation at the Solar circle, the Coriolis force is smaller than the pressure
force during the early thermal instability stage. So the properties of clumps
formed by thermal instability are not affected noticeably by rotation, except
increased angular momentum. However, during later stage the Coriolis force
becomes dominant over the gravity, and hence the further growth to
gravitationally bound clouds by gravitational infall and merging is prohibited.
Our results show that the Coriolis force effectively destroys the picture of
cloud formation via TGI, rather than alleviate the problem of large angular
momentum.Comment: To appear in ApJ Lett. (June 1, 2006, v643n2). Pdf with full
resolution figures can be downloaded from
http://canopus.cnu.ac.kr/ryu/baeketal.pd
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